     The Rule is ‘ADD 4’

Ahmed Peter Ali Jaweria Hamad Paris London Dubai New York Cyprus     Has Visited There are MANY arrows from each person and each place is related to MANY People. It is a MANY to MANY relation.

Bilal Peter Salma Alaa George Aziz Person Has A Mass of Kg       In this case each person has only one mass, yet several people have the same Mass. This is a MANY to ONE relationship

Is the length of Pen Pencil Ruler Needle Stick cmobject     Here one amount is the length of many objects. This is a ONE to MANY relationship

FUNCTIONS Many to One Relationship One to One Relationship

DomainCo-domain Image Set (Range) x  2x+1 AB

The upper function is read as follows:- ‘Function f such that x is mapped onto x 2 +4

Lets look at some function Type questions If f  x  x 2  4andg  x  1  x 2 Findf  2  Findg  3  2 2 = = -8

We can consider this as two simpler functions illustrated as a flow diagram Multiply by 3 Subtract 1 Multiply by 2Add 5 Square

Consider 2 functions is a composite function, where g is performed first and then f is performed on the result of g. The function fg may be found using a flow diagram square Multiply by 3 Add 2 Thus =

Consider the function Here is its flow diagram Draw a new flow diagram in reverse!. Start from the right and go left… Multiply by 5 Subtract 2 Divide by threeMultiply by three Add two Divide by And so

(a) (b) (c) (d) (a) and (c)

(a) (b) (c) (d) (a) and (c)

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