The Effects of The Civil War on Texas.

The Civil War Begins The war starts when Union soldiers refused to surrender Fort Sumter to the Confederate Commander, shots were fired on both sides, and the North and the South declared war on one another.

Definitions Vocabulary Martial Law Blockade Inflation Martial Law- the imposition of military rule over a certain region or area. Blockade- an effort to cut off supplies or food to a certain area. Inflation- the rise of prices in goods and services in an economy over a period of time.

Economical effects on Texas There were shortages causing inflated prices. Failure of crops. Native Americans would steal horses from army men. Difficult time getting crops to market because of blockades. Cotton could be shipped through Mexico.

Political effect on Texas Large numbers of men went to war, leaving behind women and children to fend for themselves. In 1864, Union Army declared Martial Law on Galveston. By law men were required to fight for the Confederacy. It was every man’s duty to fight. The frontier is unprotected.

Social effect on Texas Diseases such as Dropsy, and Yellow Fever ran rapid through the camps. Very little money. Women and children were left alone.

Geographical effect on Texas Largest city for the south was Galveston. Due to the many blockades, few supplies and foods could be delivered. Difficulty sending crops out of Texas, so many crops would have to go through Mexico to reach market. Very few battles actually fought on Texas soil.

Terry’s Texas Rangers Organized in Houston after Texas secession Group of volunteer Confederate Soldiers Became the best group of men that protected the West during the Civil War. Fought in over 250 skirmishes in seven states.

“Hood’s” Texas Brigade Infantry Unit for the Confederates Considered by commanding Confederate General Robert E. Lee as the best of the best. Fought in some of the major battles of the War, such as Gettysburg and Fredricksburg.

Major Texas Battles Major Texas Battles Battle of Sabine PassBattle for Galveston In 1863 in order to prevent Mexico from aiding Texas, Pres. Lincoln sent Union troops to invade Texas. Although outnumbered Confederates captured 200 Union soldiers and won the victory. After Union soldiers had setup blockades on the Island, Confederate General John B. Magruder sought to retake the Island. Using two ships sailing from Houston, Gen. Magruder surrounded the Union soldiers and captured 200 of them to retake the Island.

Palmito Ranch Fought on the Banks of the Rio Grande, Confederate troops captured Union Soldiers, but it was 1865 and the war was over.

The War Ends On April 9 th 1865 Gen. Lee surrendered to Gen. Grant ending the American Civil War. The South was left with a problem, what do they do now?

Although there were very few battles in Texas, the people would be affected in other ways.

In the end 620,000 Soldiers died in this war!