Hashim bin Yaacob Vice-Chancellor & Su´ad Awab University of Malaya Public & Private Universities in Malaysia (Governance, Funding, Students) Hashim bin Yaacob Vice-Chancellor & Su´ad Awab University of Malaya

EDUCATION SYSTEM IN MALAYSIA l 5+ PRE-SCHOOL l 6+ PRIMARY SCHOOL 12+ SECONDARY SCHOOL l 17+ UPPER SECONDARY, POLYTECHNIC, MATRICULATION, SKILL INSTITUTES, COLLEGES l 19+ UNIVERSITY ln

UNIVERSITIES IN MALAYSIA PUBLIC 11 Universities + 6 University Colleges 180,000 undergraduate students 13,200 Academic Staff Operating Budget 2004 is RM3.525 Billion Development Budget 2004 is RM 1.500 Billion PRIVATE 10 Universities + 1 University College 3 Foreign University Branch Campuses Twinning Programs and 3+0 (Started In 1998) Approx. 90,000 undergraduate students

GOVERNANCE SIX LEGISLATIONS New Education Act (1996) Universities and University Colleges Act (1996) National Council on Higher Education Act (1996) Private Higher Education Institution Act (1996) National Accreditation Act (1996) National Higher Education Fund Board Act (1997)

QUALIFICATIONS Certificates Diploma First Degree - Professional/ Non-Professional - Arts/Sciences/Technology/Medical Sciences Postgraduate - Masters/PhD

RECOGNITION AGENCIES IN MALAYSIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION NATIONAL ACCREDITATION BOARD (LAN) PUBLIC SERVICE DEPARTMENT (JPA) PROFESSIONAL BODIES: n Malaysian Medical Council n Malaysian Board of Engineers n Malaysian Board of Architects n Malaysian Institute of Accountancy n Etc.

ORGANISATION STRUCTURE OF A PUBLIC UNIVERSITY CHANCELOR PRO CHANCELOR PRO CHANCELOR BOARD OF GOVERNORS VICE CHANCELOR SENATE DVC ACADEMIC DVC DEVELOPMENT DVC STUDENTS AFFAIRS DEANS/ DIRECTORS CHIEF LIBRARIAN REGISTRAR BURSAR

QUALITY ASSURANCE SENATE/EXTERNAL EXAMINER HIGHER EDUCATION DEPARTMENT NATIONAL ACCREDITATION BOARD (LAN) PROFESSIONAL BODIES INDUSTRIES ALUMNI INTERNATIONAL BENCHMARKING

STUDENTS’ SUPPORT SYSTEMS Scholarships and Loans National Higher Education Fund (RM37 mil.- PhDs & Masters) Short-Term Loan by the Universities Public Universities accommodate almost 70% of their students Students Affairs Division Students Mobility Programs

STRATEGIES ACCESS By 2010, 40% of the 17-23 age cohort in higher ed. Community Colleges/Technical Universities Participation of Private Sectors LIFE- LONG LEARNING (increase institutional diversification & establish life-long learning: multiple point of entry & pathways) POST-GRADUATE STUDENTS 30% by 2010 S&T By 2005, 60% in Science and Technology ICT Competitive Global Environment

STRATEGIES Industry-University Partnership R&D Industry-University Partnership Excellent Research Centres in University Fundamental Research RESEARCH UNIVERSITY INTERNATIONALISATION (English medium +) Students Mobility/Exchanges Foreign Students in Malaysia QUALITY benchmarking against world standard +

INTERNATIONALIZATION Process of integrating international or intercultural dimensions into teaching, research & service functions for HEI International degrees e.g. MBA accredited in USA, marketed & conducted in Chicago, London, Malaysia. Faculty is global Program-based collaboration with local univs. UM & Ancona University, Italy; NUS & Stanford Distance learning ed.: borderless & flexible Branch campuses e.g. Monash, Nottingham

LIFE-LONG LEARNING-Why? Necessity for continuous education, training & re-training Today’s rapid pace of change Economic opportunity: k-economy requires citizens with multiple skills eg. - Singapore $5 billion Fund - Hong Kong launched training incentives scheme for Life-long Learning - Malaysia’s k-economy Master Plan 2000 includes life-long learning

ISSUES DEMAND FOR HIGHER EDUCATION (Malaysia 2004: 70,000 applications for 36,000 places) n PUBLIC VS PRIVATE n FINANCING PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES n SOCIO-ECONOMY n DIGITAL DIVIDE n GENDER n QUALIFICATION FRAMEWORK

PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES Best student center Social obligation to educate masses Bureaucratic culture in university management Not profit making Corporatization of universities

PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES Affluent students Have to survive on profit-making Questionable academic credential of academic staff