Energy Management 101 Lance Stewart Facilities Maintenance Manager/Energy Manager City of Charlottesville, Virginia

Energy Manager’s Checklist  Cost control  Monitoring energy consumption  Baseline comparisons  Energy Star  ICMA Center Performance Measurements

Cost Control: E= $ ¢ 2 City of Charlottesville, Virginia FY General Fund budget for utilities = $2.96 million Schools = $1.15 million Municipal buildings = 1.07 million Street lighting = $.74 million 2.2% of General Fund Represents 6¢ of real estate tax rate

Monitoring Energy Consumption First Priority – Establishment of YOUR baseline What is your historical energy usage? Every facility Every utility account Minimum 1 year data

Baseline Comparisons - National ICMA Center for Performance Measurement Trade publications EPA’s Energy Star Portfolio Manager - accounts for many variables, including: Occupancy density Size Hours of operation Climate

Baseline Comparisons - Regional Establish network of others in your area Share ideas Share resources Your region = your weather ICMA Center for Performance Measurement, Virginia Performance Consortium

Goal Setting Energy Star Certification LEED (new Buildings) LEED-EB (existing buildings) Short-term, long-term % reduction goal for entire building portfolio Facility-specific goals Environmental impact

Key Performance Measures Annual – Portfolio vs. Individual Facilities Cost per square foot Kilowatt hours per square foot Cubic feet natural gas per square foot Thousand British Thermal Units (MBTUs) per square foot Electricity – kilowatt hours x Natural gas – cubic feet x Tons of Carbon Dioxide per square foot Electricity – (kilowatt hours x 1.285) / 2,000 Natural gas – (cubic feet x ) / 2,000 Major benefit – identifying opportunities

Performance Measures Applied

Key Performance Measures Monthly Analysis kWh / Ft 3 / MBTUs per square foot per day Utility billing periods vary from month to month, even from account to account Building A – current month versus last month, same month last year Building A vs. average of all other buildings Major Benefit – Identifying Problems Seasonal? Building use? Leaks?

Performance Measures Applied

Keys to Improving Performance Due diligence Timely monthly analysis and review Right people at the table = energy manager + maintenance staff Effort – strive to devote as much time to this as utility budget = % of facilities budget 50% budget = 50% of effort Preventive maintenance

Keys to Improving Performance Ask questions – What’s wrong? Why? What can we do about it? Targeted investments Dreaded “low hanging fruit” Lowest performing buildings, largest buildings

Energy Manager’s Checklist Infrastructure improvements  Planned equipment replacements more energy efficient  Building Automation System  Lighting upgrades  Energy Performance Contracts

Infrastructure Improvements Retro-commissioning HVAC systems Energy Performance Contracting Options for funding Extension of staff Large, fast impact Capital investments include life cycle cost estimate, ROI, and in light of overall environmental goals

Case Study - Before

Case Study - After

Case Study - Before

Case Study - After

Energy Manager’s Checklist Coordination Efforts  Wise use of buildings  Formal policies  Communication with building occupants

Building Occupant’s Checklist  Lights on for fast re-entry  Copier ready to go if needed at 3:00 AM  Mini-fridge moved below thermostat to keep office nice and cool for summer  Space heater hidden under desk  Cappuccino machine shiny

“Discretionary” Energy Consumption Building-Related Energy Consumption ~ 60% Heating, Air Conditioning, Ventilation ~ 40% Lighting, computers, etc. Estimated energy used at discretion of occupants ~ 15%

Bridging the Gap How to turn Snidely Whiplash into Dudley Do-Right? Snidely has his own mission Snidely doesn’t care about your mission Snidely doesn’t even know your mission

Environmental Sustainability Program Intent: Reduce consumption of electricity and natural gas, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and reduce consumption of water. Goal of 10% net reduction, to be achieved through: Thoughtful building use Education and outreach Infrastructure improvements Incentive program

Thoughtful Building Use Building Automation System Scheduling standard operating hours for lights, HVAC Special events scheduling Building use recommendations – limit and/or consolidate after-hour and summer events to minimize energy footprint

Education/Outreach Monthly meetings with principals/designees to review energy trends, identify savings opportunities Sample lesson plans to relate energy/environmental issues to curriculum “Everyone” s, with monthly energy savings tips, updates School Board updates Presence at Quarterly “Principals Meetings”

Incentive Program Quarterly budgets goals established for utility consumption for each school Based on historical seasonal and consumption trends Normalized for fairness to $1.20 per square foot for 12 months

Incentive Program Monthly Most- Efficient School Award Trophy  Lunch for staff Competition fierce!

First-Year Results Consumption reductions by utility type Electricity 11% Natural gas 16% Water 22% Total utility expenditures ~$160K less than previous fiscal year, despite 8% net increase in utility prices Disbursements to Schools - $45,337 After disbursements, ended FY06-07 under budget ~$62K

Continuing Results

Thank you!