What was decided at the Three WW2 Conferences What was decided at the Three WW2 Conferences? Tehran, Yalta and Potsdam 1943, 1945

Outcomes All will know a number of decisions made at the Three Conferences Most will use a mnemonic to remember the key decisions of each Conference Some will understand why these decisions were made

Timeline 1945 – 1943 - Tehran Conference Yalta Conference (Feb) Potsdam Conference (July-Aug) 1943 - Tehran Conference 1943 1991 1945 – End of World War 2

Which of the following flags do you recognise? Connector Which of the following flags do you recognise?

Russia/ USSR/ Soviet Union America/ USA Germany Britain/ UK

Teacher explanation 1943 The Allies – Britain, the USA and the USSR - are finally winning the war against Germany. Hitler’s forces are being forced back in Africa, and Stalin’s armies have defeated the German armies attacking Russia. The time had come to fight back and push the Nazis back further and try to win the Second World War. By the time the leaders of the Allies met in 1943, in Tehran, they were already starting to look ahead to the end of the war. Let’s look at what they decided to do.

Repeat Stand up and chant the following 3 times: BUGS GREW BREAD We will use this to memorise the key features of three World War Two Conferences

The Tehran Conference February 1943 (BUGS) Britain and America would invade Nazi-controlled France. United Nations Organization would be set up after the war. Generals and military bosses would keep in close touch. Stalin would fight Japan once Germany was defeated. Describe one decision that was made about the war at the Tehran Conference (2 marks).

Describe one decision that was made about the war at the Tehran Conference (2 marks). 1 mark – simple statement, eg : “The USA and the UK decided to invade Nazi controlled France.” 2 marks – developed statement, eg : Nazi controlled France. This would mean that Germany would be fighting on two fronts, with Russia in the East.

Who made these decisions? At Tehran, the Allies were represented by their leaders – three very powerful men. Britain was led by its Prime Minister Winston Churchill America was led by its longest-serving President, Franklin D. Roosevelt USSR was led by the dictator Joseph Stalin

Winston Churchill Wants to win the war to keep Britain safe Worried who runs Europe because he doesn’t like Communism Distrusts Stalin but is prepared to work with him for now

Franklin D. Roosevelt Wants to win the war to create peace in the world Prepared to allow Stalin some control over Europe Thinks he can deal with Stalin on an equal basis

Joseph Stalin Wants to win the war to keep Russia safe for now and the future Desperately wants help to fight the war Distrusts his Allies and wants to keep control over parts of Europe

Match the statement to the leader Distrusts his Allies and wants to keep control over parts of Europe Wants to win the war to create peace in the world Worried who runs Europe because he doesn’t like Communism

Discuss Do you think these three leaders can work together? What problems do you think there will be when deciding what to do after Germany is defeated? HINT: Think about who controls Europe, and the different ways the USA and the USSR run their own countries.

Yalta Conference February 1945 Churchill Roosevelt Stalin

Yalta Conference February 1945. How to achieve a peaceful Europe after the war? De-Nazification …? What is Stalin saying about Germany? Free elections …

Yalta Conference February 1945.

Yalta Conference February 1945. I need to keep up my good working relationship with Stalin as his eyes are on expanding westwards in Eastern Europe. Punish war criminals and de-Nazify Germany! Germany and Berlin must be divided into 4 zones … (mumbling and made to pay for the War!!) Free elections for all liberated countries!

Differences Winston Churchill lost the election and Clement Attlee became Prime Minister Roosevelt died and Truman became President of the USA How was Attlee different from Churchill? How was Truman different from Roosevelt? Note down the differences as we look through the next few slides

Potsdam Conference July-August 1945 Attlee Truman Stalin

Potsdam Conference July – August 1945 Suspicious of USA … Only interested in … Beliefs about Soviet borders … Worried about Stalin because …

Potsdam Conference July – August 1945

Potsdam Conference July – August 1945 Does USA America have an Atomic bomb? If yes, then I want one too! Potsdam Conference July – August 1945 I am more worried about the Empire and the state of the British nation. To protect USSR’s borders Soviet troops will be left in liberated Eastern Europe. The USA is going to have to get tough with Stalin.

Fact Sheet Read through the fact sheet and test yourself on the key points from the Yalta and Potsdam Conferences Use the mnemonic to memorise the key decisions In pairs, test each other on your knowledge

Exam question Briefly explain the key differences between the decisions made at the Yalta and Potsdam Conferences in 1945 (6 marks)

How else can you remember? This lesson has used one method to help you remember facts, but what else could you use to help you? Visual - eg a rose for Roosevelt Landmarks - think of your journey to school and use landmarks on the route to link with what you want to memorise Rhymes – eg “A meeting of the Big Three, in Tehran in 1943”

This advert shows the “Big Three” getting along very well In reality, though, the situation was rather different - the leaders of the Allies often found themselves disagreeing with one another, especially at Potsdam By the way, this photo isn’t real! It’s a photo-montage advert for Diesel jeans.

Disagreements at Potsdam The Allied Powers disagreed on: (ARGUE) Arrest of non-Communist Polish leaders by Stalin Reparations to be paid – Stalin wanted more Germany’s future – Stalin wanted to cripple it, Truman wanted to help it recover USA’s secret atomic bomb that Stalin found out about Eastern European Communists coming to power

Quiz (10 questions) Who was the leader of the Soviet Union? What order did the three conferences come in? Why did Attlee take over from Churchill? How was Truman different from Roosevelt? What was done to Germany after the war?

Quiz (10 questions) Who was this? Why was he not at Potsdam?

Quiz (10 questions) When was it decided to set up the United Nations? What are reparations? Which conference is shown below?

Answers Stalin Tehran, Yalta, Potsdam Attlee won the General Election in 1945 Truman was tougher with Stalin Germany was divided into four zones. US President Franklin D. Roosevelt He died before the Potsdam conference 1943 Fines to pay for war damage Potsdam Conference

Homework Learn the key decisions of all three conferences BUGS GREW BREAD