Liquefied Petroleum Gases

Hazards of LP gas v Flammable v Asphyxiant 1a

Hazards of LP gas v Can freeze tissue on contact v Exposure limits Butane ppmButane ppm Propane ppmPropane ppm 1b

Hazards of LP gas v Container markings Markings to identify complianceMarkings to identify compliance Name and address of supplier on containerName and address of supplier on container Water capacity of the containerWater capacity of the container Designed pressure in psigDesigned pressure in psig 1c

Hazards of LP gas v Container markings WordingWording Tare weightTare weight Markings indicating maximum fill levelMarkings indicating maximum fill level Outside surface area in square feetOutside surface area in square feet 1d

Storage and handling requirements v Odorization v Containers, equipment, systems must be DOT-approved v Welding procedures for containers 2a

Location of containers and regulation equipment v Containers and first-stage equipment must be located outside of buildings v Location of containers with respect to nearest important building 3a

Location of containers and regulation equipment v Containers installed for use cannot be stacked v Ignitable materials within 10 feet of containers must be removed 3b

Location of containers and regulation equipment v Minimum separation distances v Use dikes, diversion curbs, grading to prevent accumulation of flammable liquids 3c

Location of containers and regulation equipment v LPG containers cannot be located in diked areas for flammable liquid tanks 3d

Container valves, accessories, safety devices v Valves, fittings, and accessories connected directly to the container must be rated to a working pressure of 250 p.s.I.g. v Must be suitable for LP-gas service - can’t be made of cast iron 4a

v Connections to containers must have shutoff valves v Piping must be wrought iron or steel, brass, copper, aluminum alloy v Piping must met ANSI standards 4b Container valves, accessories, safety devices

v Vapor piping and pipe joints must be suitable for operating pressures v Tubing must be seamless v Fittings must be appropriate for the operating pressures 4c Container valves, accessories, safety devices

v The use of threaded cast iron pipe fittings is prohibited v Strainers, regulators, meters, compressors, and pumps are not to be considered pipe fittings 4d Container valves, accessories, safety devices

v Hose must be made of materials resistant to liquid and vapor LP- gas v Hose subjected to container pressure must be marked “LP- Gas” or “LPG” within 10-foot intervals 4e Container valves, accessories, safety devices

v Hose and hose connections must meet bursting pressure requirements v Containers and vaporizers must be provided with safety relief valves 4f Container valves, accessories, safety devices

v Safety relief valves must be spring-loaded type Container valves, accessories, safety devices 4g

v Valves must allow free venting to the outer air at least 5 feet away from any building opening v The rate of discharge must meet the specifications of the regulation 4h Container valves, accessories, safety devices

v Safety relief valves must be marked with information about discharge pressures, rates v All piping and hose must be tested after assembly 4i Container valves, accessories, safety devices

Vaporizers and vaporizer housings v Indirect-fired vaporizers using steam or water must meet ASME codes 5a

Vaporizers and vaporizer housings v Vaporizers must be marked with code of the construction specificationscode of the construction specifications allowable working pressure and temperatureallowable working pressure and temperature sum of the outside surface areasum of the outside surface area inside heat exchange surface areainside heat exchange surface area name and symbol of the manufacturername and symbol of the manufacturer 5b

Filling densities v Defined as the percent ratio of the weight of the gas in a container to the weight of water the container will hold at 60 degrees F 6a

Requirements for LPG in buildings v Restrictions exist for piping vapor at pressures in excess of 20 p.s.i.g into buildings v Liquid may be permitted in buildings only when the buildings meet certain construction requirements 7a

Transferring liquids v One attendant must remain close to the transfer connection v The owner of the container must authorize filling and use v “Single-trip containers” and “Non-refillable containers” can not be refilled or reused 8a

Transferring liquids v Maintain required distances between filling point and nearest building v Charging and gauging of fuel supply containers v Maximum vapor pressure 8b

Transferring liquids v Transfer equipment v Shutting down equipment v Shut down open flames prior to refueling 8c

Loading and unloading v Tank car sidings must be level v “Tank Car Connected” signs must be in place at active ends v Block the wheels of the tanks car 9a

Loading and unloading v Have an attendant present at all times v Equipment used during loading/unloading 9b

Loading and unloading v Loading/unloading factors Proximity to railroads/highwaysProximity to railroads/highways Nearby buildingsNearby buildings Nature of occupancyNature of occupancy TopographyTopography Construction typeConstruction type Number of cars that can be loaded/unloaded at one timeNumber of cars that can be loaded/unloaded at one time Frequency of loading/unloadingFrequency of loading/unloading 9c

Electrical equipment v Must meet requirements of 29 CFR 1910 Subpart S v Review Table H-28 v Keep open flames away from vaporizer rooms, pumphouses, charging rooms 10a

Liquid-level gauging devices Liquid-level gauging devices v Containers are equipped with a fixed liquid-level gauge v Gauges must have a design working pressure of 250 p.s.i.g. 11a

Appliances Appliances v Appliances must be properly converted, adapted, and tested v Unattended heaters must have automatic shut off device v Appliances must be installed in accordance with NFPA standards 12a

Cylinder systems v Containers must be marked in accordance with DOT regulations 13a

Cylinder systems v Cylinder systems include: ContainersContainers Container valvesContainer valves ConnectorsConnectors Manifold valve assemblyManifold valve assembly RegulatorsRegulators Relief valvesRelief valves 13b

Systems that use other- than-DOT approved containers v Watch service is necessary for systems that have a water capacity of 2,000 gallons or more v Watch service must be trained in basic LPG requirements 14a

LPG as a motor fuel v Passenger-carrying vehicles may not be fueled with passengers on board v Industrial trucks with permanently mounted containers must be charged outdoors 15a

LPG as a motor fuel v Shut down engines while fueling v Secure fuel containers 16a

Storage of containers awaiting use or resale v Locate so as to minimize exposure to: excessive rise of temperatureexcessive rise of temperature physical damagephysical damage tamperingtampering v Do not locate near exits, stairways 17a

LPG systems installation v Applies to: LPG system installation on vehicles used for commercial and construction operationsLPG system installation on vehicles used for commercial and construction operations exchangeable container systems with container capacities greater than 105 pounds water capacityexchangeable container systems with container capacities greater than 105 pounds water capacity systems using containers permanently mounted on vehiclessystems using containers permanently mounted on vehicles 18a

LPG service stations v Design pressure v Classification of storage containers 19a

LPG service stations v Container valves, accessories, relief valves v Capacity of liquid containers 19b

LPG service stations: installation of storage containers v Minimum distances v Remove ignitable material within 10 feet of containers v Separation distances 19c

v Diking, diversion curbs, grading v Do not locate LPG containers near diked areas for flammable liquid containers v Contraction, expansion, vibration, settling 19d LPG service stations: installation of storage containers

v Flotation v Aboveground containers v Underground containers 19d LPG service stations: installation of storage containers

v Protection of container fittings, piping, valves v Transport truck unloading points v Equipment used for pumps and dispensing devices 19e LPG service stations: installation of storage containers

v No smoking in fueling areas - post signs v Shut off motors when fueling v Electrical equipment requirements v Approved fire extinguishers 19f LPG service stations: installation of storage containers

Summary of main points v Hazards of LPG v Basic requirements v Equipment and systems v Transferring of liquids 20a

Summary of main points v Loading/unloading of tank cars and transport trucks v DOT container systems v Non-DOT container systems 20b

Summary of main points v LPG as motor fuel v Storage of containers awaiting use or resale v LPG installation on commercial vehicles v LPG service stations 20c