Surface Area to Volume Ratio

Cell Structure and Function Why are cells the size and shape that they are?

Cell Structure and Function Why are cells the size and shape that they are? Cells must be able to carry out functions efficiently. Many of these functions involve transporting substances throughout the cell and outside of the cell to other targets.

The surface area to volume ratio refers to the ratio of the cell’s total surface area in relation to its volume. Maximizing surface area to volume ratios is important so that the transport systems in cells can run efficiently Surface Area to Volume Ratio

Reasons for keeping cell sizes small Decreases distances that substances have to travel … increasing the rate of diffusion.

Human Systems Maximizing surface area is also important for the efficiency of several systems in the body

Human Systems Cardiovascular system (alveoli in the lungs and capillaries that surround them aid in the diffusion of O 2 and CO 2 in and out of the blood)

Human Systems Digestive system villi and microvilli are structures in the small intestine that aid in the absorption of nutrients into the body)

Plant Systems Structures in plants are also designed to maximize surface area to volume ratios for their specific functions. Examples: Leaf thickness and shape

Plant Systems Root structures