Hawaiian Islands Ivy Pham

Hawaii’s Islands (http://geography. about Hawaii is the newest of the 50 states of the U.S. It’s the only U.S. state that is entirely made up of islands. Hawaii is found in the central Pacific Ocean, southeast of Japan and northeast of Australia. In total it is made up of over 100 islands, but there are eight main islands that make up the Hawaiian Islands and only seven are populated.

Hawaii (‘The Big Island’) The island of Hawaii (‘The Big Island’) is the largest of Hawaii's main islands. It is also the largest island in the United States and it was formed by a hotspot in the Earth's crust. The Big Island is has 3 active volcanoes and Kilauea is one of the most active volcanoes in the world.

Maui (‘The Valley Isle’) Maui is the 2nd largest of Hawaii's main islands. Maui's nickname is ‘The Valley Isle’ and its topography reflects its name. There are plains along its coasts with numerous mountain ranges that are separated by valleys. Maui is known for its beaches and natural environment. Maui's economy is mainly agriculture and tourism. It’s main products are coffee, macadamia nuts, flowers, sugar, papaya, and pineapple.

Oahu (‘The Gathering Place’) Oahu is the 3rd largest island of Hawaii. It is called ‘The Gathering Place’ because the highest population and it is the center of Hawaii's government and economy. The largest city on Oahu is Honolulu which is also the capital of the state of Hawaii. Oahu is the home of the largest U.S. Navy fleet in the Pacific at Pearl Harbor. Oahu's beaches and shops make it one of Hawaii's most visited islands. Some of Oahu's top attractions are Pearl Harbor, the North Shore and Waikiki.

Kauai (‘The Garden Isles’) Kauai is the 4th largest of Hawaii's main islands. It is the oldest of the main islands as it is located the farthest away from the hotspot that formed the islands. Kauai's mountain ranges are rough however and the island is known for its steep cliffs and craggy coastline. Kauai is also known as the Garden Isle for its undeveloped land and forests. It is also home to the Waimea Canyon and Na Pali Coast state parks.

Molokai (‘The Friendly Isle’) Molokai also known as ‘The Friendly Isle’) is located 25 miles east of Oahu across the Kaiwi Channel and north of the island of Lanai. Most of Molokai is also a part of Maui County. Molokai's geography consists of two distinct volcanic ranges. They are known as East Molokai and West Molokai and the highest point on the island is apart of East Molokai. These mountains however are extinct volcanoes that have collapsed. Their remains give Molokai some of the highest cliffs in the world. In addition, Molokai is known for its coral reefs and its south shore has the world's longest fringing reef.

Lanai (‘The Pineapple/Private Isle’) Lanai is the 6th largest of the 8 main Hawaiian Islands. The only town on the island is Lanai City. The island has a population of only 3,193 people. Lanai is known as ‘The Pineapple Island’ because in the past the island was covered by a pineapple plantation. Today Lanai is mainly undeveloped and much of its roadways are unpaved. There however two resort hotels and two famous golf courses on the island and as a result, tourism is a large part of its economy.

Niihau (‘The Forbidden Island’) Niihau (‘The Forbidden Island’) is the lesser known Hawaiian island. It is also the smallest of the occupied islands. The island has a total population of 130 people. Niihau is in the rain shadow of Kauai, making it a parched island. But there are several lakes on the island that have delivered wetland habitat for a number of endangered plants and animals. Niihau is also known for its tall, rugged cliffs and aside from the military installations, Niihau is undeveloped and tourism doesn’t exist on the island.

Kahoolawe (‘The Target Island’) Kahoolawe is the smallest Hawaiian Island. It is unoccupied and is found 7 miles southwest of Maui and Lanai. Like Niihau, Kahoolawe is arid. It is located in the rain shadow of Haleakala on Maui. Because of its dry landscape, there have been few human settlements on Kahoolawe. IN 1993 the State of Hawaii established the ‘Kahoolawe Island Reserve,’ a reserve that the island can only be used today for Native Hawaiian cultural purposes and that any commercial development is prohibited.

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