Tigris and Euphrates River Basin: Analysis of and Solution to the Water Crisis By Cara DiFiore Brian Nixon Kaneil Zadrozny May 1, 2012

 Background  Problem overview  Impact of problem  Goals  Solutions  Factors associated with solutions Presentation Overview

 The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers originate in Turkey  Arid Climate  Hydroelectric Development Projects  GAP (Güneydoğu Anadolu Projesi) Southeastern Anatolia Project  No current tri-country treaties Background

Retrieved from Inlet Flow

 Inefficient Water Management creating deficit  Stakeholders: Prime Ministers of Iraq and Turkey, President of Syria, appropriate ministries and/or farmers unions from the three countries Problem Overview

Problem Impacts  Decreased water flow  Environmental impacts  Population that lives in basin dependent on rivers for livelihood.

Sustainable and Equitable Amounts of Water GOALS Availability Management Consumption Negotiations

Current Irrigation  Out of date/inefficient irrigation practices

Irrigation Solutions  Furrow Irrigation  Uses less water  Cheap/easy to implement  Drip/Sprinkler Irrigation  Uses a lot less water  More expensive  Water Transportation  Improve conveyance efficiency

 How much is a barrel of water worth to you?  Food for Oil  1.6 barrels of water to produce 1 barrel of oil  Pipeline from Iraq to Turkey Oil for Water Trade

 Inlet flow increased  Conservation and Efficiency  GAP initiative  Tigris Euphrates Council  Stakeholders* Treaties

Sustainable and Equitable Water Management

 Stakeholder Support  Obstacles  Unexpected consequences Implications

 Incentives  Tax incentives for drip/sprinkler irrigation  Higher taxes for older irrigation systems  Regional meetings/programs  Tax incentives for attending meetings Implementation

 Dr. R. Brent  Dr. J. Tang  Dr. M. Deaton  Dr. Altaii  Fellow classmates Acknowledgements

Questions?

 Aquastats  Salman, M. and Mualla, W., The Utilization of Water Resources for Agriculture in Syria: Analysis of Current Situation and Future Challenges. Food and Agriculture Organization – Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform of the Syrian Arab Republic FAO-MAAR, Rome. Retrieved from ftp://ftp.fao.org/agl/iptrid/conf_italy_03.pdf  CIA.gov “The World Fact Book” retrieved  Tractor Supply, “Furrow Plough” Retrieved from g_3pointequipment_3pointgroundengagingequipment/0 References

Cost of plough starts at $ U.S. dollars and increases with complexity, this would be 113 euros Furrow PloughSeed Planting