Video’s Impact: a: On Society b: On Schools

Overview of Lesson A bit of history A name or two to remember Television: Modern version Recording For more information or research Impact on People Society in general Schools and learning

A Bit of History Mechanical TV ( ) John Baird “Father” Charles Jenkins Cathode Ray Tube ( ) Braun and Zworykin Modern Electronic TV Philo T. Farnsworth built on work by Zworykin 1 st theory at age 13 From here: To here:

1 st Broadcast Television Early mechanical broadcast in Britain around the turn of the century. First US electronic TV broadcast (built on work by Farnsworth:about First commercial TV set in USA: 1938 Dumont –180 ($395) Dumont Model 180

Audio &TV Recording: Magnetic Technologies Steel Wire ( ) Coated-paper/Disks (War years) Magnetic Tape (1946-present) although German AEG began using a coated paper tape as early as M develops first plastic based tape Ampex creates the VR 1000 VTR November 1956 “Douglas Edwards News”

And The Rest Is Video History… Ampex 4” tape Various 1” tapes Sony U-matic cartridge Sony BetaMax ½” Panasonic & JVC cassette Video Home System (VHS)-1976 First digital Camcorders - Late 1970’s Digital Camcorders - Late 1990’s

Impact of Video: Society TV…illustrates the mixed blessings of technological change in American Society. It is a (fairly) new medium, promising extra- ordinary benefits: great educational potential, a broadening of experience… But it teaches children the uses of violence, offers material consumption as the answer to life’s problems… and undermines family interaction and other forms of learning such as play and reading. (Kenneth Keniston, professor, human development: Carnegie Council on Children)

Impact of Video: Schools Video from the community Learning tapes from libraries Digital video from computer nets Local production learning video techniques and equipment school news, fashions and sports ‘behaving in the lunchroom at DRHS’

Common Impact Topics Since the onset of broadcast TV, video has has a tremendous impact on society: Our leisure time pursuits Where we gather knowledge and “facts” Reports on current events How we view each other and other societies Race, violence, sex, clothing, food “In 1961 I worried that my children would not benefit from TV; but in 1991 I worry that my grandchildren will actually be harmed by it!” (Truman: www2.truman.edu/)

I have no expectations; but I do have hope! ( Illych ) Even in the late ’50’s analysts were warning us of potential damage to society if TV did not “clean up its’ act… Famous newsman and journalist Edward R. Murrow warned television executives that change was needed by stating: “decadence, escapism, and insulation from the world of realities in which we live. And, without courage and vision, TV is nothing more than lights and wires in a box!” CBS

Society and Video/TV Our leisure time pursuits couch potatoes home videos of storms, family histories Reports on current events School News to CNN How we view each other videos of Osama Bin Laden, lifestyles of rich Race, violence, sex, clothing, food Blacks on TV/Relationships/school news

Pervasiveness of Video:3 Video is entwined in almost everything we do today. Not only do we have major video store chains, but even our grocery stores will now rent videos. Vans and travel trailers have video sets Almost every classroom has access to units Videos have replace film in most classes Digital Video is getting more popular Personal camcorder recordings make the news from weddings to war, it is not just the journalists

Issues of Concern Is Video (TV) helping or hurting education helping: new places and ideas hurting: lots of garbage and stereotyping Are we using video properly in schools commercial versus school videos tie-ins with curriculum Video as both a tool and as a subject planning and producing skills or just playing with video and computers

Video in the Classroom: a WINNER! The research on proper use of video in the classroom is overwhelming positive. the planning process is valuable subject/outline/objectives/script visual literacy skills developed team building and learning to provide assigned skills self-confidence and satisfaction from a completed project learn more about subject in a new and developmental way Go to KQED.orgKQED.org site listed below and read all sections on video in classrooms.

An Important Assumption: These positive gains possible by using video in the classroom are all built on the assumption of “you get what you pay for” (quality planning=successful video process) A simple Instructional Design process is followed Video tied to curriculum and student needs Teacher as “lesson planner & guide on the side” Some VERY basic rules of production used Evaluation (formative and summative) planned

Content and Curriculum Created By Dr. Terry Holcomb Department of Technology and Cognition University of North Texas Copyright c. 2002