Order Carnivora Family Felidae Large canines No diastema Claws retractile Flat face Lynx rufus

Lynx rufus Bobcat By: Natalie Hedlund

Identification: Reddish brown to grayish brown; irregular dark spots; venter whitish; tail tip black dorsally, white ventrally; black tuffs and white spot on ears Distribution: Statewide cat.html Lynx rufus

Habitat: bottomland forests; live in underbrush, timber cover, rock outcroppings allow rivers and streams Diet: small mammals- mice, voles, squirrels, and rabbits; birds; sometimes a young deer; occasionally invertebrates

Lynx rufus du/site/resources/david_behrens/ Bobcat.jpg/view.html Reproduction: mating occurs around February to March; Gestation about 62 days; one litter of 1to 4 annually; young remain with mother for a year Conservation State: common Southwest Iowa, uncommon in all rest of Iowa Endangered Threatened August off threatened list

Lynx rufus h.edu/site/resources/corel_cd/bo bcat.jpg/view.html Other: - Nocturnal - Lifespan: Wild years Captivity 32 years -Smallest native North American cat

References Iowa Department of Natural Resources. Bobcat. Available at November Jones, J.K, Jr. and E.C. Birney Handbook of Mammals of the North-central States. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis. Kays, R.W. and D.E. Wilson The Mammals of North America. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.

Felis catus Domestic Cat By: Natalie Hedlund

Felis catus Identification: pelage varies in color; Total Length < 70cm; Long tail ( more than twice the length of hind foot); retractable claws (sometimes no claws); 30 different Breeds Distribution: Statewide Habitat: Homes, Buildings y/pgallery1.htm

Felis catus Diet: commercial food, rodents, birds Reproduction: Four litters of 1 to 4 kittens annually; gestation 63 days; born blind and deaf; lifespan 12 to 15 years Conservation Status: Abundant s_my/pgallery4.htm

Felis catus Other: Descendants of the wild cat (Felis silvestris libyca) The wild cat originated in Africa and Southwest Asia Domesticated in 1500 BC in ancient Egypt gallery.htm

Felis catus Have 30 spinal vertebrae ( five more than humans) External ear can rotate up to 180 degrees Heart beat 110 – 140 times/ minute Body temperature is 101degrees Fahrenheit us_my/pgallery.htm

References Animal Planet. Cat Guide. Available at November Explorit Science Center. About Cats. Available at November The Humane Society of the United States. Cat. Available at November 2004.

Felis concolor Mountain Lion By Mandie Riha

Identification Felis concolor Large and slender with small head and very long tail Light brown (can look gray or black) 30 teeth

Identification Felis concolor Body length: 3-4 ft ( mm) Tail: ft ( mm) Height: in Weight: Male: Ib, Female: Ib Hind Foot: in ( mm)

Distribution Felis concolor From Canada to South America Once in all North America now western US, Western Canada and Mexico South Florida Iowa Loess Hills

Habitat Felis concolor Dense cover or rocky, rugged terrain Low human habitation Dense swamps Seek shelter in rocky crevices, hollow trees, bank holes, tall grass, or under brush No bedding for nests =coug21.jpg&id=24&target=19 pictures.htm

Diet Felis concolor Carnivores Don’t eat large prey all at one setting Avoid spoiled meats Will feed on livestock and domestic dogs ov_pap/du_collpecc.html asnathist/members/boyersm/default.htm

Reproduction Felis Concolor Mom gets food for kits till 2 months old Kits lose spots slowly Kits stay with mom 2yrs Kits may stay together after leave mom Breed after 2.5 to 3 years Have young 2yr intervals Young born any month (peak June) 1-6 kits/litter Kits born blind and weigh 1Ib Kits buff spotted with black with rings of brown on tail image-26.html

Conservation Status Felis concolor Not located in Iowa Endangered in S. Florida Endangered throughout their range

Other Information Felis concolor Climb trees Can swim Stalk prey 50ft away Live in family units Solitary except when mating Nocturnal Live 12 yr wild Main enemy=man Fur little value to man Meat is edible gallery/image-48.html

Any Questions?

References Jones,J.K, Jr. and E.C. Birney Handbook of Mammals of the North-central States. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis MDC.Online. Mountain Lion (Felis concolor). Available at August 2004http://mdc.mo.gov/nathis/mammals/milion/reference/ Texas Parks and Wildlife. Mountain Lion. Available at nlion/. February nlion/

Order Artiodactyla Family Cervidae Large bodies with hooves Head not massive Antlers (males – shed annually) Odocoileus virginianus

Odocoileus virginianus White-tailed Deer Patty Morgan

Odocoileus virginianus: White-tailed Deer Identification: Reddish brown in summer, gray/brown in winter, white throat, eye and nose rings, white ventrally including tail Males kg, antlered Females kg, no antlers Young have white spots

Odocoileus virginianus: White-tailed Deer White-tailed deer have smaller ears, larger tail with no black tip, antlers divided differently Mule DeerWhite-tailed Deer

Odocoileus virginianus: White-tailed Deer Distribution: Southern Canada throughout U.S., except Southwest Found throughout Iowa Habitat: Wooded areas near clearings

Odocoileus virginianus: White-tailed Deer Diet: Herbivores- green vegetation, nuts, corn, twigs and buds Reproduction: Breed in November, 1-3 young, born after 6 months Female young stay with mother for 2 years

Odocoileus virginianus: White-tailed Deer In Iowa: half of female deer will breed within first year, most adults have two young, triplets becoming more common Conservation Status: abundant, population increasing Two sub-species are endangered

Odocoileus virginianus: White-tailed Deer Other: Nation wide annually- 726,000 deer killed in car accidents 211 human fatalities $1 billion damage In Iowa annually- 13,000+accidents $27 million in damage

Odocoileus virginianus: White-tailed Deer Other cont’d: $76,848,482 annually from deer hunters 90% of population would survive w/out hunting Carry ticks-Lyme disease

References eNature.com. National Wildlife Federation. Available at October Jones, J.K, Jr. and E.C. Birney Handbook of Mammals of the North-central States. University of Minnesota Press, Minneaopolis. Kays, R.W. and D.E. Wilson The Mammals of North America. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey. Natureworks. New Hampshire Public television. Available at November OhDeer.net. Oh Deer Inc. Available at November Suchy, Willie. “Evaluating the Results of the 2003/2004 deer season.” Iowa Department of Natural Resources.

Odocoileus hemionus Mule deer Order Artiodactyla Family Cervidae By Kim Schaefer

Odocoileus hemionus Identification: dorsum reddish brown in new summer coat, but changes to pale brown and grayish in winter. Grayish white rump patch; venter whitish; long ears; small, black-tipped tail; white throat patch; dichotomously branching antlers Total length: m Tail: cm Weight: kg Mule DeerWhite-tailed Deer

Odocoileus hemionus Distribution: western IA Habitat: forests, grasslands, mountains -prefers mixed habitat of open areas for feeding and brushy areas for protection Diet: herbivorous

Odocoileus hemionus Reproduction: breed from Oct. to Dec days gestation -1 to 3 fawns born in spring -usually twins Conservation status: uncommon -most likely wanderers -currently no breeding populations in IA

Odocoileus hemionus Other: -longevity years in wild -crepuscular and nocturnal -run with stiff-legged gait (stotting) and tail down -prone to internal and external parasites -diseases such as Chronic Wasting Disease, foot- and-mouth disease, brucellosis among others hemionus.html

References: Odocoileus hemionus Animal Diversity Web. Odocoileus hemionus. Availiable at us_hemionus.html. November us_hemionus.html Wildlife in Iowa. Availiable at November Wind Cave National Park. Mule Deer- Odocoileus hemionus. Availiable at November Jones, J. K. Jr. and E.C. Birney Handbook of Mammals of the North- central States. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis. Kays, R.W. and D.E. Wilson The Mammals of North America. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.

Order Artiodactyla Family Bovidae Large body with hooves Head massive Horns in both sexes Bison bison

Order Artiodactyla: Family Bovidae

Bison bison: American Bison Kelly Redding Identification: Large bovid (having hollow unbranched horns); massive forequarters; large head; distinctive hump; brown wooly pelage,; horns present in both sexes Lifespan: years

Bison bison Distribution: captivity only Habitat: mixed and short grass prairies, woodlands Diet: green plants, drinks water once a day Black Walnut

Bison bison Reproduction: Single calf born in May or June Conservation status: Extirpated from Iowa, only in captivity now Other: Known to have calves at 30 years old; last Bison sighted in Iowa in Dickinson County in 1870; numbered an estimated 20 million to 30 million approximately 250,000 left today; 16,000 roam in the wild

References: Sciurus niger Jones, J.K., Jr. and E.C. Birney Handbook of Mammals of the North-Central States. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis. Kays, R.W. and D.E. Wilson The Mammals of North America. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey. “North American Wildlife”, editor Susan J. Wernert. Reader’s Digest Association. Pleasantville, NY Dinsmore, James J A Country So Full Of Game. University of Iowa Press. Iowa City, Iowa.

References cont. Neal Smith Wildlife Refuge. Available at October Kids Planet Available at Montana State University. Available at Yellowstone National Park. Available at