Chapter 19 Physical Geography of Africa South of the Sahara

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 19 Physical Geography of Africa South of the Sahara 7th Grade Geography

Section 1 Physical Features

Africa South of the Sahara 2.5 times bigger than the United States

Madagascar Largest island off mainland.

Plateaus Most of the land consists of high plateaus.

Escarpments Steep, jagged cliffs. Create waterfalls on many African rivers.

The Congo Basin Largest lowland

Ethiopian Highlands Kilimanjaro: Highest Mountain in Africa Mt. Kenya Located in East Africa

Drakensberg Range Southern Africa Barrier of Pointed Spears

The Great Rift Valley Natural wonder of East Africa. Formed by shifting tectonic plates.

Waterways

Lakes Most are found in the Great Rift Valley

Longest freshwater lake in the world. Lake Tanganyika

Lake Victoria Africa’s largest lake. 2nd largest freshwater lake in the world.

Lake Chad Changes size every year. From 10,000-3,800 square miles.

Escarpments prevent use for shipping. Rivers

Congo River More than 30 waterfalls on it. Found in Congo Basin

Zambezi River Forms Victoria Falls.

Resources This region has many resources.

Oil Principal export in many coastal countries.

Found in Central Africa Natural Gas

Coal Found in Nigeria and DRC.

Hydroelectric Result of the many fast rivers.

Iron Ore Large deposits in Zimbabwe.

Uranium Used to make nuclear weapons

Half of the world’s gold and diamonds here. South Africa

Section 2 Climate Regions

Mainly found in tropics. Receives year-round direct sunlight

Rainforests Dense stands of trees found along the Equator.

Ecotourism Preserves rainforests and boosts economies.

Savanna Grasslands with scattered woods. Elephants, lions, giraffes found here.

Steppe Rainfall is scarce. Clearing trees leads to desertification.

The Kalarahi Desert Sandy desert in Southern Africa

The Namib Desert Rocky desert along southwestern coast.

Mediterranean Climate Southwestern Africa