Introduction H81H_Ahttp:// H81H_A

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS IN THE CHILDBEARING CLIENT Developed by D. Ann Currie, R.N., M.S.N. 2012

ENIVRONMENTAL FACTORS EXPOSURE TO HAZARDOUS AGENTS OR FACTORS OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS HOME COMMUNITY RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES

OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS EXPOSURE TO VARIOUS HAZARDOUS AGENTS IN DIFFERENT WORK SETTINGS THAT CAN EFFECT THE INDIVIDUAL,THE DEVELOPING FETUS,THE PREGNANCY’S OUTCOME,NEONATE, AND REPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL

OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS WOMEN ARE A PART OF THE LABOR FORCE THE NUMBER OF WOMEN ARE INCREASING IN THE LABOR FORCE BETWEEN WOMEN ARE IN CIVIL AND MILITARY JOBS VARIOUS TYPES OF OCCUPATIONS.

EPA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY- FEDERAL AGENCY. IDENTIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS WHICH MAYBE HAZARDOUS INDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES PROTECTION OF PUBLIC AND WORKERS

EPA HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS AGENTS STORAGE OF HAZARDOUS AGENTS MSDS-MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS-BY LAW EACH COMPANY MUST HAVE THESE AVAILABLE FOR EMPLOYEES TO READ ON EACH CHEMICAL/HAZARDOUS AGENT. DEPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIAL

HAZARDOUS AGENTS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON REPRODUCTION

ETHYLENE OXIDE-ETO HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS HEAVY METALS ORGANIC SOLVENTS IONIZING RADIATION PESTICIDES HERBICIDES ETHYLENE OXIDE-ETO HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS HEAVY METALS ORGANIC SOLVENTS IONIZING RADIATION PESTICIDES HERBICIDES

ETHYLENE OXIDE-ETO USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL-FOR ANTIFREEZE,POLYESTER FIBER, FILMS, & DETERGENTS. USED IN STERILIZING EQUIPMENT & SUPPLIES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES

ETHYLENE OXIDE-ETO USED A FUMIGANT IN MEDICAL PRODUCTS,FOODSTUFFS,IN LIBRARIES,& MUSEUMS EXPOSURE- HX OF EXPOSURE DURING ALL STAGES OF CELL DIVISION IS IMPORTANT EFFECTS- MAY PRODUCE MUTAGENIC EFFECTS OR SPONTANEOUS ABORTIONS

HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS USED IN THE LAUNDRY AND DRY CLEANING INDUSTRIES AND RUBBER INDUSTRIES. EXPOSURE- OF THE MOTHER OR FATHER TO TERACHOROETHYLENE,VINYL CHLORIDE, CHOROPRENE MAY PRODUCE NEGATIVE EFFECTS.

HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS EFFECTS- EXPOSURE TO THESE AGENTS HAVE MUTAGENIC,TERATOGENIC, OR CARINOGENIC EFFECTS. MATERNAL &/or PATERNAL EXPOSURE BEFORE PREGNANCY MAY HAVE NEGATIVE IMPACT ON PRGNANCY

HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS-EFFECTS EXPOSURE DURING PREGNANCY CAN HAVE NEGATIVE EFFECTS ON THE PREGNANCY OR FETUS. LOSS OF PREGNANCY. EARLY FETAL DEATH SPONTANEOUS ABORTION. STILLBORNS BIRTH DEFECTS.

HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS-EFFECTS. WOMEN ARE MORE SUSCEPTIBLE TO THE EFFECTS OF THESE SUBSTANCES. INCREASED RISK OF CANCER IN WOMEN EXPOSED TO THESE AGENTS.

HEAVY METALS CADIUM LEAD MERCURY

CADMIUM USED IN BATTERIES,PIGMENTS/PAINTS, SOLDERING LIQUIDS, SEMICONDUCTORS, PHOTOCELLS, INSECTICIDES, AND FUNGICIDES. *cadmium is in cigarettes b/o insecticides used in growing tobacco

CADMIUM EXPOSURE ANYTIME DURING PREGNANCY ESPECIALLY IN FIRST TRIMESTER CAN NEGATIVE EFFECTS. EFFECTS-SPONTANEOUS ABORTIONS PREMATURE BIRTHS CAN DECREASE MALE FERTILITY

LEAD USED IN GASOLINE, BATTERIES,PAINTS, INK, CERAMICS/POTTERY, AMMUNITION, AND TEXTILES. EXPOSURE CAN OCCUR IN STAIN GLASS ARTISTS,AUTOMOTIVE&/or AIRCRAFT PAINTERS TOO. EXPOSURE AT ANYTIME IN PREGNANCY

LEAD EFFECTS-SPONTANEOUS ABORTIONS PREMATURE BIRTHS,EARLY FETAL DEATHS, FETAL DEATHS,IMPAIRED NEUROLOGIC DEVELOPMENT,COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT(MENTAL RETARDATION)

LEAD EFFECTS- PREMATURE BIRTHS, LOW BIRTH WEIGHT, DECREASED MENTAL DEVELOPMENT

MERCURY USED IN MECURY VAPOR LAMPS,PAINT,AND THERMOMETERS. EXPOSPURE AT ANYTIME TO AGENT DURING PREGNACY ESPECIALLY FIRST TRIMESTER. EFFECT-SPONTANEOUS ABORTIONS, DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES,AND CP

ORGANIC SOLVENTS- BENZENE USED IN CHEMICAL LABORATORIES. EXPOSURE TO AGENTS CAN PRODUCE-TERATOGENIC EFFECTS OR CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS CAN HAPPEN DURING EARLY UNDIFFERENTIATION PHASE.

IONIZING RADIATION USED IN DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTICAL PROCEDURES IN THE HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY AIRPORT SECURITY SECURITY FOR BUILDINGS. X-RAYS…...

IONIZING RADIATION TIME OF EXPOSURE MAY EFFECT THE PREGNANCY/FETUS MAY EFFECT FERTILITY IN BOTH MEN AND WOMEN. IF PREGNANT-A WOMENS EXPOSURE SHOULD NOT EXCEED 1.5 RAD DURING PREGNANCY.

IONIZING RADIATION EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE-HIGH DOSES- SPONTANEOUS ABORTION, LATE FETAL DEATH, NEONATAL DEATH, LOW BIRTH WEIGHT, MICROCEPHALY,MENTAL RETARDATION,INCREASE RISK OF CHILHOOD MORTALITY INCREASE RISK OF CANCER

IONIZING RADIATION EFFECTS-DECREASE FERTILITY IN MEN AND WOMEN. CHROMOSONAL ABERRATIONS LOW DOSES- ALTERED SEX RATIO, CHILDHOOD MALIGANCIES,CHILDHOOD MORTALITY

VIDEO DISPLAY TERMINALS ??? DANGER OF VDT IS INCONCLUSVE FURTHER RESEARCH IS NEEDED

PESTICIDES-CHORINATED HYDROCARBONS- CHLORDANE USED IN CONTROLLING UNWANTED INSECTS IN CROPS, HOME, BUSINESS. FARMWORKERS MAYBE EXPOSED MORE EXPOSURE AT ANY STAGE OF PREGNANCY. EFFECTS-MUTAGENIC, CARCINOGENIC,TERATOGENIC.& DECREASE FERTILITY.

HERBICIDES-2T,4T,5T USED IN CONTROLLING UNWANTED VEGETATION--WEEDS. EXPOSURE IN FIRST TRIMESTER. EFFECTS- TERATOGENIC, SPONTANEOUS ABORTIONS. *agent orange-herbicide used in Vietnam- reproductive problems and other health problems-DM,GI problems, etc.

WASTE ANESTHETIC AGENTS- HALOGENATED GASES USED IN HEALTH CARE AREAS SUCH AS HOSPITALS/SURGERY,DENTAL OFFICES,VETERINIAN CLINICS FOR ANESTHETIA EXPOSURE IN ANY STAGE INCLUDING BEFORE PREGNANCY. * ALSO ALL HEALTH CARE WORKERS SHOULD HAVE CBC, LIVER STUDIES.

WASTE ANESTHETIC AGENTS EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE-EARLY FETAL DEATHS, ALTERED SEX RATIO,LATE FETAL FETAL DEATHS, LOW BIRTH WEIGHTS,BIRTH DEFECTS,MUTAGENIC,TERATOGENIC, CARCINOGENIC, DECREASED FERTILITY IN MEN GASES TEND TO DECREASE B VITAMINS

NOISE AMOUNT OR LEVEL ? SEEN IN MANUFACTURING PROCESSES,HEAVY MACHINERY/EQUIPMENT OPERATION,ENVIRONMENT,AND PERFORMING(ROCK CONCERTS) naZeghttp:// naZeg

NOISE EXPOSURE-TO MORE THAN 85 DECIBELS(dB),CUMULATIVE EXPOSURE UNCERTAIN WHICH TIME IS MOST CRITICAL----POSSIBLY ALL STAGES.

NOISE EFFECTS SGA-GROWTH RESTRICTION LOW BIRTH WEIGHT PREMATURITY CHILD HAVING HIGH FREGUENCY HEARING LOSS DECREASED FERTILITY SPONTANEOUS ABORTION CONGENITAL ABNOMALIES

NOISE LEVELS 30DB-QUIET LIBRARY/SOFT WHISPER 40DB-QUIET OFFICE/BEDROOM AWAY FROM TRAFFIC 50DB-LIGHT TRAFFIC,REFRIGER ATOR. 60DB-AIR T.,CONVERSAT- ION,SEWING MACHINE 70DB- BUSY TRAFFIC, NOISY RESTAURANT- CONSTANT.

NOISE LEVELS 80DB- SUBWAY,HEAVY CITY TRAFFIC,ALARM 2ft.,FACTORY NOISE- *DANGEROUS IF MORE THAN 8HRS. 90DB- TRUCK TRAFFIC,NOISY HOME APPLIANCES,SHOP TOOLS,LAWN MOWER- * DANGEROUS IF MORE THAN 2HRS.

NOISE LEVELS 100DB- CHAINSAW, BOILER SHOP PNEUMATIC DRILL- *dangerous if more than 2 hrs.

OTHER FACTORS TEMPERATURE- Internal External PHYSICAL DEMANDS-

QUESTIONS

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