Science Chapter 2D Study Guide

Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? A communicable disease is an illness that can _____, usually from _____ to _____. Spread Person to person An organism that causes a communicable disease is called a _____. Pathogen

Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? Bacteria reproduce quickly in _____, _____, and _____ places such as inside the _____ _____. Warm Dark Moist Human body

Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? Bacteria cause a variety of diseases, such as… Ear infections Sinus infections Pneumonia Whooping cough Tuberculosis Strep throat

Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? Viruses cannot _____ on their own, but they can _____ body cells. Reproduce Invade Diseases caused by viruses include… Colds Measles Mumps Chicken pox Flu pneumonia

Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? The most common skin infection, _____, is caused by _____. Athlete’s foot Fungi Malaria is caused by _____ and usually carried by _____ Protist Mosquitoes

Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? Communicable diseases can spread from person to person through the _____ when a sick person _____ or _____. Air Sneezes Coughs Communicable diseases can spread when your _____ or _____ come in contact with something used by a sick person. Hands Mouth

Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? Communicable diseases can spread when no sick people are nearby. _____ may be in the drinking water. _____ is spread this way. Pathogens Cholera

Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? _____ are animals that carry _____ that cause other communicable diseases. Carriers Pathogens Examples Mosquitoes may be a carrier of _____ Malaria or encephalitis Ticks may be a carrier of _____ Lyme’s disease Bats may be a carrier of _____ rabies

Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? Ways your body defends itself against pathogens. Your _____ keeps pathogens out. Skin If pathogens enter through the nose, they will be trapped by _____. Mucus If pathogens enter through the mouth and lungs, they will be _____, _____, or _____. Coughed Sneezed Blown out

Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? If pathogens are swallowed, _____ juices in the _____ will kill many. Digestive Stomach Pathogens in the eyes will be washed out by _____. Tears Your _____ will kill some pathogens if you eat food with pathogens. If not, _____ and digestive juices in your _____ will take care of them. Saliva Acid

Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? If none of these defenses keep _____ out of your blood, _____ will surround and _____ them. Pathogens White blood cells Destroy

Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? Another defense is _____ which is a substance made by _____. Antibodies White blood cells Antibodies can give you _____ or resistance to some diseases. Immunity Some white blood cells attack the disease, while others become _____ cells that can _____ to make the correct _____ if the disease enters your body again. Memory Remember

Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? To develop _____ to some communicable diseases is to get a _____ which is a dose of weakened or killed _____. Immunity Vaccine Pathogen Some diseases that can be prevented this way are… Chicken pox Mumps Measles Whopping cough

Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? An _____ is a medicine that kills _____, but it cannot kill _____. Antibiotic Bacteria Viruses

Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases Noncommunicable diseases are illnesses that _____ be spread. Cannot The main causes of noncommunicable diseases are Heredity Surroundings Behavior

Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases Heredity is when _____ are passed from _____ to _____. Genes Parent Children Diseases that are caused by heredity are Sickle-cell anemia Hemophilia

Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases A reaction to a certain substance is an _____ Allergy _____ is an allergy that involves the _____ system. Asthma Respiratory

Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases Asthma attacks are triggered by _____, _____, and _____. Smoke Dust Pollen This causes the tubes in the _____ to become _____ and _____ builds up making breathing difficult. Lungs Swollen Mucus

Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases Another noncommunicable disease of the respiratory system is _____. Emphysema The walls of the _____ lose their elasticity and become _____. Air sacs Overstretched The air sacs also _____. Burst The main cause of emphysema is _____. Smoking

Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases A disease of the heart or blood vessels is _____. Cardiovascular disease _____ occurs when fatty substances build up inside the walls of _____. Atherosclerosis Arteries _____ is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells. Cancer

Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases Changes is a persons _____ may keep noncommunicable diseases under _____. Lifestyle Control The best way to control the damage done by noncummunicable disease is _____ Early diagnosis

Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? Prevent injuries – realize the importance of _____. Safety Don’t take _____. Unnecessary risks

Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? When playing a sport… Follow the rules When crossing streets… Obey traffic signs and signals Avoid falls by… Wiping up spills

Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? When riding in a car… Wear your seat belt When exercising… Warm-up and cool-down When riding a bike… Obey traffic signs and signals

Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? A healthy _____ is necessary for a _____ lifestyle. Diet Healthy Your body uses _____ for _____ and _____. Proteins Growth Repair

Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? No single food has every _____. Nutrient Avoid foods at the _____ of the food pyramid. Top Too much fatty food might cause _____, _____, or _____. Cardiovascular disease Cancer Obesity

Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? Too much sugary foods might cause _____, or _____. Obesity Tooth decay Fiber may prevent _____. Colin cancer

Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? Tobacco plant contains a drug called _____. Nicotine A sticky material in tobacco is _____. Tar

Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? _____ is found in beer, wine, and liquor. Alcohol It slows down the work of your _____. Brain Drug abuse is the _____ use of drugs for reasons other than _____. Intentional Health

Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? _____ can help relieve _____. Sleep Stress During sleep your body processes _____ so more _____ is available to _____ or _____ body cells. Slow down Energy Build Repair

Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? Regular, vigorous exercise is helpful to your body by… Helping you keep a healthy body weight Keeping arteries clear of fatty substances Making muscles flexible Strengthening muscles, especially your _____ Heart