9 Career Planning and Development 9-1 Career Opportunities C H A P T E R 9 Career Planning and Development 9-1 Career Opportunities 9-2 Planning Your Career 9-3 Applying for Employment 9-4 Securing a Job

9-1 Career Opportunities Goal 1 Describe the steps in the career planning process. Goal 2 Identify the main sources of career information. Goal 3 Discuss career fields with the most growth potential.

KEY TERMS Career A career is a goal for work that is fulfilled through an occupation (job) or series of occupations (jobs). You actually have a kind of career goal now: “to complete your schooling and get ready for your future.”

KEY TERMS Career Planning informational interview Career planning is the process of studying careers, assessing yourself in terms of careers, and making decisions about a future career. informational interview a planned discussion with a worker who is willing to help you find out about the work that a person does, the preparation needed for that career,

KEY TERMS Mobility Occupation Mobility is the willingness and ability of a person to move to where jobs are located. The lack of mobility can lead to locational unemployment. Occupation An occupation is a task or series of tasks that is performed to provide a good or service. Networking is talking to other people about their jobs.

CAREER PLANNING Studying careers Assessing yourself Making decisions

YOUR STUDY OF CAREERS Continuous process Tentative career decision You do not just decide to study careers for one day or one week. It is important to view learning about careers as a lifelong activity Tentative career decision a decision that is subject to change as new information is received. It gives you a direction

YOUR STUDY OF CAREERS Course selection early career planning will help you choose the right courses. An early career decision can also encourage you to become involved with organizations such as Future Business Leaders of America (FBLA) or DECA (Distributive Educational Clubs of America)

CAREER TRAINING High school Beyond high school Two-year schools Four-year colleges and universities Private business schools and other institutions specialize in training students for specific occupations such as court reporter, computer technician, barber, or medical assistant.

THE CAREER PLANNING PROCESS Step 1: Personal Assessment Determine interests and values Identify talents and abilities Step 2: Employment Market Analysis Geographic influences Business and economic trends (continued on the next slide)

THE CAREER PLANNING PROCESS Step 3: Application Process Application form Resume and cover letter Step 4: Interview Process Prepare for interview Follow-up activities (continued on the next slide)

THE CAREER PLANNING PROCESS Step 5: Employment Acceptance Salary and financial factors Organizational environment Step 6: Career Development and Advancement Practice career success behaviors Develop strong work relationships

Checkpoint  List the steps in the career planning process. personal assessment employment market analysis application process interview process employment acceptance career development and advancement

CAREER INFORMATION SOURCES Print and media sources Career World magazine The Occupational Outlook Handbook Online sources Occupational Outlook Handbook Onetonline.org

CAREER INFORMATION SOURCES cont Business contacts Most people get jobs through networking Informational interviews is a planned discussion with a worker who is willing to help you find out about the work that a person does

SAMPLE QUESTIONS FOR AN INFORMATIONAL INTERVIEW How did you get your current job? In what ways do you find your work most satisfying? What are your main frustrations? What tasks and activities are required in your work? What are the most important qualifications for working in this field? What advice would you give a young person who is thinking about this type of work?

Checkpoint  What are the main sources of career information? Print, media, and online sources, informational interviews, and business contacts are the main sources of career information.

GROWTH CAREER AREAS Geographic influences Economic and industry trends People who successfully pursue the careers of their choice often have mobility Economic and industry trends Career areas with the most potential are influenced by economic trends and current business activities.

GROWTH CAREER AREAS

Checkpoint  What factors affect the career areas that will be in demand in the future? Future employment opportunities are influenced by geography and economic trends. Consumer demand, changing demographics, and new technology all affect employment trends.

9-2 Planning Your Career Goal 1 Describe factors of a personal assessment for career planning. Goal 2 Discuss methods for obtaining career experience. Goal 3 Identify information sources for available jobs.

KEY TERMS Values Talent Ability are things that are important to you. a natural, inborn aptitude to do certain things. Ability is the quality of being able to perform a mental or physical task. Abilities can be developed

PERSONAL ASSESSMENT Your career planning activities should start with a self-assessment of your interests, values, and abilities.

Checkpoint  What is the difference between an interest and a talent? One might have several areas of interest; talents, however, are inborn abilities that can assist in narrowing career interests.

EMPLOYMENT EXPERIENCE You can obtain further career oriented abilities in four main ways Work-study programs Cooperative education combines school with work-related experience. Part-time employment Summer and part-time work can provide valuable experience In addition these work situations will allow you the chance to see if you enjoy a particular career field

EMPLOYMENT EXPERIENCE Volunteer activities Involvement in community service can result in gaining career experiences and improving work habits School activities Class assignments can provide work related experiences. For example, research and communication skills are developed when you prepare reports and oral presentations

Checkpoint  What are methods for obtaining employment experience? Work-study programs, part-time employment, volunteering, and school activities are each ways of gaining work experience.

SOURCES OF AVAILABLE JOBS The media – Help wanted ads Personal contacts - Networking Business contacts - Networking Career fairs - several prospective employers in a short time Government employment offices These tax-supported agencies help people find jobs and provide career information, and work with employers to find qualified workers.

Checkpoint  What are the main sources of information about available jobs? Business and personal contacts are the main sources of employment information. Others include newspapers and other publications, career fairs, employment agencies, and online sources.

9-3 Applying for Employment Goal 1 Prepare an application form and a resume. Goal 2 Identify the parts of an application cover letter. Goal 3 Discuss the online application process.

KEY TERMS Application form Resume Career portfolio Cover letter asks for information related to employment. Resume is a tool that provides information about you to a potential employer. Career portfolio Resume, Samples of work (Reports, Designs) News articles regarding volunteering, Letters of Recommendation Cover letter a sales letter for the purpose of obtaining an interview

APPLICATION ACTIVITIES Personal data sheet a summary of your important job-related information. It should list your education and work experience, as well as your references. Application form Resume Career portfolio

APPLICATION FORM Your first job task Follow instructions Paper forms Online applications

RESUME Personal information Career objective Education Experience Career-related honors and other activities

CAREER PORTFOLIO Resume, cover letter, and answers to sample interview questions Sample reports, presentation materials, and research findings from school projects Website designs, creative works from school activities or previous employment such as ads, packages, and promotions News articles of community activities or other experiences in which you have participated Letters of recommendation

Action Verbs for Resumes and Cover Letters Achieved Directed Organized Accomplished Edited Planned Administered Facilitated Produced Coordinated Initiated Researched Created Implemented Supervised Designed Managed Trained Developed Monitored Updated

Checkpoint  What are the main sections of a resume? The typical resume includes personal information, career objective, education, experience, career-related honors, and other activities. References are not usually part of the resume

Types of Resumes Two of the most popular types of resumes are experience based and qualifications-based. In an experience-based resume, experiences are usually listed in order of work history. In a qualifications-based resume, your abilities and experiences related to the job for which you are applying are highlighted.

APPLICATION COVER LETTER Introduction Development Conclusion Targeted letter

Checkpoint  What is the purpose of a cover letter? The cover letter is used to express interest in a company and to invite interest in your resume. Its ultimate goal is to solicit an interview. The Cover Letter and Resume combined are a kind of Targeted application letter

ONLINE APPLICATION PROCESS Online applications Cyber interviewing Many organizations hold screening interviews using video conferencing. Others require that you post preliminary interview responses online. These “e-interviews” may involve questions such as: “Would you rather have structure or flexibility in your work?” and “What approach do you use to solve difficult problems?”

Checkpoint  How is the Internet used in the job application process? Job seekers may learn job seeking skills, post resumes, learn more about a company, and apply for jobs online. Employers may post positions, review resumes, and perform screening interviews online.

9-4 Securing a Job Goal 1 Describe activities involved in the interview process. Goal 2 Compare factors to consider when accepting a job offer. Goal 3 Identify attitudes and actions for success on the job.

KEY TERMS employment interview Mentor exit interview is a two-way conversation in which the interviewer learns about you and you learn about the job and the company. Mentor Is an experienced employee who serves as counselor to a person with less experience. exit interview employer asks questions about your work, be constructive and cooperative.

THE INTERVIEW PROCESS Before the interview During the interview After the interview

BEFORE YOU INTERVIEW Obtain information about the company Plan your answers to questions Plan questions to ask Successful interviewing requires practice. Things to remember Be on time for the appointment Go alone to the interview Dress properly

DURING THE INTERVIEW Answer each question completely Avoid talking too much Make good eye contact Stay calm Thank the interviewer

COMMON INTERVIEW QUESTIONS ABOUT EDUCATION AND TRAINING What qualifies you for this job? Why are you interested in this company? What activities have helped you to expand your interests and knowledge?

COMMON INTERVIEW QUESTIONS ABOUT WORK AND EXPERIENCE In what situations have you done your best work? Describe the supervisors who motivated you most. Which of your past accomplishments are you most proud of? Describe people with whom you have found it difficult to work.

COMMON INTERVIEW QUESTIONS RELATED TO PERSONAL QUALITIES What are your major strengths and weaknesses? What have you done to overcome your weaknesses? What do you plan to be doing five or ten years from now? Which individuals have had the greatest influence on you?

AFTER THE INTERVIEW Send a follow-up letter Evaluate your interview performance Focus on areas that need improvement Be patient

Checkpoint  What actions should be taken when preparing for an employment interview? An applicant should gather information about the organization, prepare questions, prepare answers to anticipated questions, arrive on time, and dress appropriately.

JOB OFFERS Salary and financial factors Organizational environment What employee benefits are included Organizational environment Leadership style, social atmosphere, dress code, physical space Training Advancement Potential

Checkpoint  What factors should a person consider when accepting a job? In addition to salary, one should consider what types of benefits are offered, what kind of work environment is involved, and what opportunities for training and advancement exist.

ON-THE-JOB BEHAVIOR Positive attitude Positive image

JOB SUCCESS STRATEGIES Ask questions Avoid complaining Honor the time for breaks Consider your appearance Be on time Be friendly with everyone Show you are dependable Follow the rules

LEAVING A JOB Give notice (two weeks) Complete current projects Letter Date Complete current projects Participate in exit interview Thank co-workers

Checkpoint  How does a mentor assist less experienced employees? A mentor can provide insight into how to find opportunities for promotion. He or she will have an understanding of the current demands within your company or chosen field.