Tests and Measurements Intersession 2006

Choosing a Career The Strong Vocational Interest Blank (SVIB) Criterion group approach 1966 version Weighted interest items Strong reliability and validity Gender bias

Choosing a Career The Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory (SCII) 1974; 1985 Single form Holland’s personality theory 7 sections 4 sets of scores

Choosing a Career Campbell Interest and Skill Survey (CISS) Interest in 200 academic and occupational topics Degree of skill in 120 occupations Orientation, Basic, and Occupational scales Academic Focus and Extraversion scales Holland’s structure

Choosing a Career The Kuder Occupational Interest Survey (KOIS) 100 triads 10 general occupational interests Gender norms Results Good psychometrics

Choosing a Career The Minnesota Vocational Interest Inventory (MVII) Men who are not inclined to college Skilled and semiskilled trades Nine basic interest areas Career Assessment Inventory (CAI) Holland’s theme scales 22 basic interests, 89 occupational scales Culturally fair and gender bias free

Choosing a Career Career Occupational Preference System Interest Inventory (COPS) 168 items: 4 point scale Job activity interest scores 14 Career clusters Science, Professional & Skilled Technology, Professional & Skilled Consumer Economics Outdoor Business, Professional & Skilled Clerical Communication Arts, Professional & Skilled Service, Professional & Skilled

Choosing a Career Career Ability Placement Survey (CAPS) 8, 5-minute timed tasks Mechanical Reasoning, Spatial Relations, Verbal Relations, Numerical Ability, Language Usage, Work Knowledge, Perceptual Speed and Accuracy, Manual Speed and Dexterity Entry requirements for the occupations in the 14 COPS Career Clusters

Choosing a Career The Career Maturity Inventory (CMI) Super: 5 developmental stages Crystallization (14-18) Specification (18-21) Implementation (21-24) Stabilization (25-35) Consolidation (35+) Vocational maturity

Structured Personality Tests Definitions WWI: emotional well-being Deductive Test Construction Logical-content strategy Theoretical strategy Empirical Test Construction Criterion-group strategy Factor analytic strategy

Logical-Content Strategy Woodworth Personal Data Sheet Mooney Problem Checklist 1950 Still in use Criticisms: Face validity Accurate self-evaluation Interpretation of items

Criterion-Group Strategy Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) T/F self-report Development: 504 items selected, criterion group Validity scales Clinical scales Content scales T scores Pattern Analysis vs. Meehl two-point code Code Types: identified by symbols

MMPI 1. Hypochondriasis 2. Depression 3. Hysteria 4. Psychopathic Deviate 5. Masculinity-Femininity 6. Paranoia 7. Psychasthenia 8. Schizophrenia 9. Hypomania 0. Social Introversion

MMPI-2 Restandardization 567 items Scale interpretation same, cutting score lowered Validity scales: FB VRIN TRIN 15 content scales

MMPI-2 Psychometrics Reliability coefficients lower than major ability tests Many items on multiple scales (high intercorrelations between clinical scales) 2 factors account for variance (validity?) Interpreting: consider age, race, gender, residence, etc Validity – profile patterns

Factor Analytic Strategy Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF) Excellent norms No item overlap Six forms available Poor long-term test-retest Some factors do correlate – five second order factors

Bipolar Dimensions of Personality Factor A Warmth (Reserved vs. Warm) Factor B Reasoning (Concrete vs. Abstract) Factor C Emotional Stability (Reactive vs. Emotionally Stable) Factor E Dominance (Deferential vs. Dominant) Factor F Liveliness (Serious vs. Lively) Factor G Rule-Consciousness (Expedient vs. Rule-Conscious) Factor H Social Boldness (Shy vs. Socially Bold) Factor I Sensitivity (Utilitarian vs. Sensitive) Factor L Vigilance (Trusting vs. Vigilant) Factor M Abstractedness (Grounded vs. Abstracted) Factor N Privateness (Forthright vs. Private) Factor O Apprehension (Self-Assured vs. Apprehensive) Factor Q1 Openness to Change (Traditional vs. Open to Change) Factor Q2 Self-Reliance (Group-Oriented vs. Self-Reliant) Factor Q3 Perfectionism (Tolerates Disorder vs. Perfectionistic) Factor Q4 Tension (Relaxed vs. Tense)

16PF Global Factors: EX:Extraversion ANX:Anxiety TM:Tough-Mindedness IN:Independence SC:Self-Control

Theoretical Strategy Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Jung’s theory of psychological types Sensing vs. Intuition Feeling vs. Thinking Adds Introversion vs.Extroversion and Judging vs. Perceiving Personality Type

Combination Strategies The NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI- R) Neuroticism, Extroversion, Openness Interests, health and illness behaviour, psychological well-being, characteristic coping styles Good psychometrics

NEO-PI-R 5 factor model Extroversion Neuroticism Conscientiousness Agreeableness Openness to experience

Positive Psychology Presence of positive traits Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale 10 items, 4-point likert, global feelings of self- worth Excellent psychometrics Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) Dispositional optimism 10 items, 5-point likert