Chapter 1 Test

Directions Use the 3 pass method; 1st pass, answer questions you definitely know, 2nd pass questions you are pretty sure you can figure out, 3rd pass, process of elimination or ignore Guessing is not recommended. Each question counts 1 point. The Honor Code is always in force!

1. Environmental science is a relatively _____ field that is _________ in nature. narrowly defined; theoretical broad; theoretical old and established; not theoretical new; not theoretical

2. For many environmental issues, there are ____________ remedies. natural science understood no known social 3. Human impact on the Earth is the basis of all theoretical disciplines. a small part of environmental science as a discipline. the fundamental basis of environmental science as a discipline. the basis of all natural science disciplines.

4. Because environmental issues are __________, critical-thinking skills are needed because these skills _______________. interdisciplinary; categorize the environmental issue into disciplines. specialized; identify remedies to environmental problems. complex; are required for effective problem solving. massive; are required to keep from getting overwhelmed.

5. In order to protect wood, jobs, and recreation for people, _________________ supported forest conservation. altruistic preservationists, including John Muir altruistic preservationists, including Gifford Pinchot and Theodore Roosevelt pragmatic utilitarian conservationists, including Gifford Pinchot and Theodore Roosevelt pragmatic conservationists, including John Muir

6. _________________ tend to believe that resources should be use by humans because humans are the most important species. Biocentric preservationists Utilitarian conservationists Altruistic conservationists Anthropocentric preservationists

7. _________________ advocate saving natural areas for their beauty and wildlife habitat. Biocentric preservationists Utilitarian conservationists Altruistic conservationists Anthropocentric preservationists

8. The ________ reflects a moral and aesthetic preservationist approach while the ________ reflects a pragmatic resource conservationist approach. National Park Service; Forest Service Forest Service; National Park Service Earth Island Institute; Sierra Club Sierra Club; Earth Island Institute

9. Global concerns have been a part of environmental thinking since the time of the industrial revolution. end of the twentieth century. time of Plato in the 4th century. end of the 19th century.

10. ________ of the world's population growth will occur in developing countries. A small percentage About half About twenty percent Most

11. __________ will probably be the source of future conflicts. Racial antagonisms Nuclear weapons Natural resource degradation Religious conflicts

12. The US, with less than 5 percent of the world's population, produces _______ of most industrial wastes. 10-20 percent 25-50 percent 5-10 percent 15 percent

13. If we understood them better, _____________ are all problems that might be solved. global warming, deforestation, and toxic pollution planting trees, deforestation, and toxic pollution global warming, deforestation, and designing safe water systems global warming, planting trees, and designing safe water systems

14. Which of the following statements is most true? The world's poorest people cause the most environmental degradation. The world's poorest people are unaffected by environmental degradation. The world's poorest people are ignorant of environmental degradation. The world's poorest people cause and suffer from environmental degradation. The world's poorest people don't have the time to care about environmental degradation.

15. The lack of available opportunities is usually passed on from one generation to the next through poverty. improper care of natural resources. genetic conditions. the lack of motivation to change.

16. In general, as per capita GNP _________ both female literacy and _____ increases. decreases; infant mortality decreases; average dietary protein intake increases; infant mortality increases; average dietary protein intake

17. The term ____________ originally meant unaligned. First World Second World Third World Fourth World

18. . In The Lorax by Dr. Seuss, what role did the Once-ler assume Biocentric preservationist Environmental Steward Anthropocentric Altruistic preservationist

19. According to the text, people could get overwhelmed with the problems and expect them, instead of focusing on creating solutions if they finally understood the serious nature of the environmental problems that are currently facing them. dwell excessively on environmental problems and failures. believe strongly in technological solutions. spend more resources (time, money, etc.) in finding solutions to the problem.

20. This person is considered to be the catalyst of the modern awareness of the threat of toxic pollution and the notion of environmentalism. Teddy Roosevelt Rachel Carson c. Gifford Pinchot d. John Muir

21. The environment is considered To be essentially the world of nature An immediate physical vicinity To include the social and cultural aspects of our lives as well as the physical Restricted to living organisms around us and their physical interactions

22. About ________ of the world's people currently lack access to clean water, adequate diet, basic sanitation, and other essential needs. 10 million 100 million 500 million 1 billion

23. The words ecology and economics are Both concerned with the “household” meaning the whole world Both concerned with resource use, although from different perspectives Concerned with understanding how the household work and resource availability, respectively All of the above

24. With the shift from hunting and gathering to farming, . A) conflict between societies increased B) the average energy use per person decreased C) people began accumulating material goods. D) death rates rose faster than birth rates

25. Slash-and-burn agriculture was pioneered during the . A) frontier era B) conservationist era C) industrial revolution D) agricultural revolution

26. The ______ was accompanied by a shift from reliance on renewable energy sources to reliance on nonrenewable energy sources. agricultural revolution B) industrial revolution C) information revolution D) hunter-gatherer revolution

Match to the person A) Theodore Roosevelt B) Henry David Thoreau 27. Who was a strong opponent of use of DDT as a pesticide and linked it to biomagnification in the food chain in her book Silent Spring, beginning the modern environmental era? 28. Who responded to the poverty of the Great Depression and environmental degradation of the Dust Bowl with creation of the Civilian Conservation Corps, the Tennessee Valley Authority, and the Soil Conservation Act of 1935?  29. Who believed in a simple lifestyle, connected with the environment and that "truth and understanding are found in nature" as described by his book Walden?   Match to the person A) Theodore Roosevelt B) Henry David Thoreau C) Rachel Carson

B) George Perkins Marsh C) John Muir D) Franklin D. Roosevelt 30. Who pioneered "sustainable yield" and "multiple use" techniques in resource management as the first chief of the U.S. Forest Service?   31. Who founded the Sierra Club and preservationist movement, a charge to protect large tracts of public land from human exploitation through low impact activities such as hiking and camping? 32.Who's groundbreaking article "Man and Nature" used scientific principles and case studies to link the failure of past civilizations to the misuse of resources A) Garrett Hardin B) George Perkins Marsh C) John Muir D) Franklin D. Roosevelt E) Gifford Pinchot