Watch in slide show mode to observe (modest) animation. comments questions: papers, etc:

Dan M. Kahan Yale University & many x 10 3 others Three Points About “Belief In” Evolution

Three points about “belief in" evolution: 1. Empirical 2.Political 3.Philosophical

Three points about “belief in" evolution: 1. Empirical: The measurement problem 2.Political 3.Philosophical

“Belief” in evolution

“Ordinary Science Intelligence” Assessment OSI_1.0OSI_2.0

“Ordinary Science Intelligence” Assessment 18 items 6 “Basic facts” (NSF Indicators, Pew) 3 “Theory of science” (NSF Indicators) 6 Numeracy (Peters et al. 2006) 3 Cognitive reflection (Frederick 20 05)

Ordinary science intelligence: item response functions

“Religiosity” (Cronbach’s α = 0.80)

OSI_2.0 items plus Evolution & Religiosity items

Ordinary science intelligence: item response functions

Teaching evolution to “nonbelievers”

Disentanglement principle: “Don’t make reasoning, free people choose between knowing what’s known & being who they are!”

Disentanglement principle: “Don’t make reasoning, free people choose between knowing what’s known & being who they are!”

Disentanglement principle: “Don’t make reasoning, free people choose between knowing what’s known & being who they are!”

Disentanglement principle: “Don’t make reasoning, free people choose between knowing what’s known & being who they are!”

Three points about “belief in" evolution: 1. Empirical: The measurement problem 2.Political 3.Philosophical

Three points about “belief in" evolution: 1. Empirical: The measurement problem 2.Political: The disentanglement project 3.Philosophical

“Belief” in global warming Annenberg Center for Public Policy & Cultural Cognition Project. N’ = Nationally representative sample, April/May 2014 (YouGov). CIs reflect 0.95 confidence intervals. Source: Kahan, D. The Science Communication Measurement Problem, Adv. in Pol. Psych. (in press).

“Belief” in global warming Annenberg Center for Public Policy & Cultural Cognition Project. N’ = Nationally representative sample, April/May 2014 (YouGov). CIs reflect 0.95 confidence intervals. Source: Kahan, D. The Science Communication Measurement Problem, Adv. in Pol. Psych. (in press).

“Belief” in global warming Annenberg Center for Public Policy & Cultural Cognition Project. N’ = Nationally representative sample, April/May 2014 (YouGov). CIs reflect 0.95 confidence intervals. Source: Kahan, D. The Science Communication Measurement Problem, Adv. in Pol. Psych. (in press).

“Belief” in global warming Annenberg Center for Public Policy & Cultural Cognition Project. N’ = Nationally representative sample, April/May 2014 (YouGov). CIs reflect 0.95 confidence intervals. Source: Kahan, D. The Science Communication Measurement Problem, Adv. in Pol. Psych. (in press).

Ordinary science intelligence: item response functions

“Ordinary Climate Science Intelligence” (OCSI) battery

Ordinary climate science intelligence: item response functions

Ordinary climate science intelligence r = 0.32, p < 0.01 Ordinary science intelligence 1st percentile 86th percentile 14th percentile 99th percentile 50th percentile 1st percentile 86th percentile 14th percentile 99th percentile OSI & Ordinary Climate Science Intelligence (OCSI)

Ordinary climate science intelligence r = 0.32, p < 0.01 Ordinary science intelligence 50th percentile 1st percentile 86th percentile 14th percentile 99th percentile 1st percentile 86th percentile 14th percentile 99th percentile 50th percentile > avg Left_Right < avg Left_Right OSI & Ordinary Climate Science Intelligence (OCSI)

OCSI & positions on global warming Human causedNaturally causedNo warming Positions on global warming in “past few decades” No. correct

Ordinary climate science intelligence: item response functions

What we know Who we are vs. Evolution-science communication measurement problem:

Climate-science communication measurement problem: What we know Who we are vs.

Disentanglement principle: “Don’t make reasoning, free people choose between knowing what’s known & being who they are!”

Climate-science communication measurement problem: What we know Who we are vs.

Climate-science communication measurement problem: What we know Who we are How to disentangle from

Climate-science communication measurement problem: What we know Who we are from How to disentangle

Climate-science communication measurement problem: What we know Who we are from How to disentangle

Evolution-science communication measurement problem: What we know Who we are from How to disentangle

Three points about “belief in" evolution: 1. Empirical: The measurement problem 2.Political: The disentanglement project 3.Philosophical

Three points about “belief in" evolution: 1. Empirical: The measurement problem 2.Political: The disentanglement project 3.Philosophical: Cognitive dualism...

The “nonacceptance” problem

The Pakistani Dr. paradox

“Beliefs” as dispositions to action....

Cognitive dualism

The “nonacceptance” problem

Three points about “belief in" evolution: 1. Empirical: The measurement problem 2.Political: The disentanglement project 3.Philosophical: Cognitive dualism...

New data: shame & critical reasoning!