XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 1 XML An Introduction February 27th 2001 brian thompson design.interpretive Nortel Networks

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 2 XML Adoption

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 3 XML Alphabet Soup

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 4 What is XML? Extensible Unlike HTML, XML provides the tools to create new markup vocabularies or extend existing ones Markup Descriptive markup scheme based on generic identifiers used to assign names to logical units of content Language The grammar to be used in describing document structures where documents are any form of human communication eXtensible Markup Language

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 5 XML adapts with change Limited Access / Limited Use Wide and Variable Access Stable Organizational BoundariesVariable Organizational Boundaries Rigid Processes Multiple Dynamic Processes Tight Control Limited Control Limited Flexibility Infinite Flexibility Closed SystemsOpen Systems Fixed System Variable System

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 6 XML An XML Document can take the form of self-documented Data Structure <!DOCTYPE invoice [ ]> Packet Components Switches Unlimited KN00123A , govern Declared Structural Rules Document Content

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 7 XML and SGML XML SGML SGML(1986): Standard Generalized Markup Language DSSSL HyTime CALS Tables & FOSI HTML XML(1998): Extensible Markup Language XSL XLink XSLT XPathNamespaces XML SchemaXHTML XPointer “XML is a simplified subset of SGML specially designed for Web Applications” Jon Bosak, Father of XML Sun Microsystems

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 8 The XML Universe SGML(1986): Standard Generalized Markup Language XSL (Display) XSLT (Transform) Namespaces (Classify) XML Schema (Describe) XHTML XLink (Relate) XPointer (Address) XPath (Address) Semantic Web: XML Foundation XML(1998): Extensible Markup Language Markup Languages: Vocabularies MathMLSMILSVGWMLVoiceML Rosetta Net HL7 BizTalk ebXML OFX XMI XQuery (Address)

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 9 XML Declaration XML version UCS Transformation Format Processing Instruction UCS - Universal Character Set

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 10 Document Type Declaration Grammar for a class of documents Document Type DeclarationDocument TypeExternal Subset <!ATTLIST TEST URI CDATA #REQUIRED ID ID #REQUIRED TYPE (valid|invalid|not-wf|error) #REQUIRED > Internal Subset

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 11 DTD for a Class of Documents Document Instance <!ATTLIST TEST URI CDATA #REQUIRED ID ID #REQUIRED TYPE (valid|invalid|not-wf|error) #REQUIRED > Tests parsing of alternative forms of text-only mixed content declaration. Document Type Definitions Rules that govern a class of documents Governs testcases.dtd testcase1a.xml

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 12 The XML Family XML Implementation Components XSL (Display) XSLT (Transform) Namespaces (Classify) XML Schema (Describe) XLink (Relate) Semantic Web: XML Foundation XML(1998): Extensible Markup Language Application Core Functions Retrieval Services Enhanced Naming Basic Grammar XPointer (Address) XPath (Address) XQuery (Address)

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 13 XSL XML Implementation Components Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL ) Example: W3C XSL Spec <p style="font-size : smaller; margin-top : 0; margin-bottom: 0">

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 14 XSL

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 15 XSLT XML Implementation Components XSL Transformations (XSLT) CONTENTS,,...

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 16 XSLT

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 17 XLink XML Implementation Components XML Linking Language (XLink) <my:crossReference xmlns:my=" xmlns:xlink=" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="students.xml" xlink:title="Student List" xlink:actuate="onRequest"> Current List of Students

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 18 Xlink

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 19 XPath XML Implementation Components XML Path Language (XPath) child::* selects all element children of the context node child::para[position()=last()] selects the last para child of the context node child::para[position()=last()-1] selects the last but one para child of the context node

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 20 Xpath example - PO

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 21 XQuery XML Implementation Components XML Query language string-range(//title,”Yuri Rubinsky")[17] Returns the 17th occurrence of “Yuri Rubinsky” within a Title Element

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 22 XML Schema XML Implementation Components XML Schema (Structures and Datatypes)

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 23 Namespaces XML Implementation Components XML Namespaces The namespace for the element price is

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 24 VoiceXML Voice Extensible Markup Language Designed for creating audio dialogs with synthesized speech and speech recognition Web enabling interactive voice response applications Coffee or Tea? VoiceXML Interpreter Context Interpreter Platform Server

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 25 WML Wireless Markup Language X: $(X) Y: $(&#59:) Enter Name:

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 26 WML WML allows for content to accessed from a low bandwidth (14.4kb) wireless device

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 27 RosettaNet Technology Supply Chain Integration Provides a methodology for building interchange solutions

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 28 RosettaNet Every partner speaks the same language

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 29 SVG Scalable Vector Graphics A language for describing 2-dimensional graphics in XML (vector graphic shapes, graphics animation, images and text (XML)) Two groups, each of two rectangles

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 30 SVG example – Moscow Network Zoom in and out without loss of detail Add or remove elements to filter image

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 31 SVG example – Tiger Zoom Graphic can be sent to any device

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 32 ICE Information and Content Exchange(ICE) Creates a common language and protocol for the automatic exchange of content assets Integrating web assets from the perspective of users: Individual and corporate consumers Syndication Service Providers (Web Superstores) Content Developers and Owners Designed around a set of specific transactions were content is either sold, resold or licensed.

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 33 ICE example The subscriber is authorized to receive content based on a micro-transaction or subscription

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 34 XML Routing Hardware

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 35 February 27th 2001 brian thompson design.interpretive Nortel Networks XML Designing with XML

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 36 Language and XML Languages: Encode meaning Transmit through a context Are decoded at the other end XML: Explicitly declares meaning Can be altered in transmission Can be understood by people and machines

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 37 Designing with XML and XSL Pairing the content with the filter creates opportunity What collection of content gives the best opportunities for interpretation? What collection of features produces the most dynamic mix? What interplay of XML documents reveals opportunities? How many ways can you look at the various combinations? Using multiple channels, how can you make the experience more profound?

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 38 Designing with XML and XLink What associations might the active element have? How do you show multiple associations? What possible resources can you group together? What if people are part of the matrix of resources? What do combinations of the same resources produce? Does the active element become changed through transmission?

XML Introduction design.interpretive Page 39 Finding out more about XML Short tutorials on XML, XSL, DTD… Web pages using XML Scalable Vector Graphics Preside Web Framework: XML and SVG Standards XML and the Second-Generation Web XML W3C Definition XML based routing hardware