What Neighborhood Are You In? Empirical Findings of Relationships between Residential Location, Lifestyle, and Travel Project Investigators: Jane Lin, PhD, assistant professor Department of Civil and Materials Engineering & Institute of Environmental Science and Policy Funded by Federal Highway Administration Problem Statement and Approach Studies have shown the importance of residential location, neighborhood type and household lifestyle to household travel behavior Define neighborhood type using US census transportation planning package (CTPP) 2000 data Study household travel characteristics (trip rate, mode share, travel time and distance) using National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) 2001 data BostonChicago Los AngelesNY city Mode share by neighborhood type

INTEGRATED ELECTROCHEMICAL SOIL REMEDIATION Investigator: Krishna R. Reddy, Department of Civil & Materials Engineering Prime Grant Support: National Science Foundation Problem Statement and Motivation Technical Approach Key Achievements and Future Goals More than 500,000 contaminated sites exist in the U.S. that require urgent remediation to protect public health and the environment Existing technologies are ineffective or expensive for the remediation of mixed contamination (any combination of toxic organic chemicals, heavy metals, and radionuclides) in heterogeneous/low permeability subsurface environments Innovative and effective new technologies are urgently needed Chemical oxidation can destroy organic contaminants, while electrokinetic remediation can remove heavy metals Integration of chemical oxidation and electrokinetic remediation is proposed to accomplish simultaneous: Electroosmotic delivery of the oxidant into homogeneous and heterogeneous soils to destroy organic contaminants Removal of heavy metals by electromigration and electroosomosis processes Fundamental processes and field implementation considerations are being investigated through bench-scale experiments, mathematical modeling, and field pilot-scale testing Bench-scale experiments revealed that: Oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide can be introduced into clay soils effectively based on electroosomosis process. Native iron in soils can be utilized as catalyst in Fenton-like reactions. Organic compounds such as PAHs can be destroyed. Heavy metals such as mercury and nickel can electromigrate towards the electrode wells and then be removed. Electrical energy consumption is low On-going research evaluating field contaminated soils, optimization of the process variables, mathematical modeling, and planning of field pilot-scale test.

Real Time and Post Disaster Structural Health Monitoring of Transportation Infrastructure A. Bassam, A. Tennant, C. Fischer, H. Jia, and Farhad Ansari, Civil & Materials Engineering Prime Grant Support: National Science Foundation Problem Statement and Motivation Key Achievements and Future Goals Bridges are the major lifelines of our transportation infrastructure Bridge failures under normal traffic operations or during major events such as earthquakes, explosions, or hurricanes stop the flow of traffic, affect safety, and mobility of the traveling public Integrate the use of Fiber Optic Sensors & Global Communications in centralized monitoring of Bridges Developed fiber optic distributed sensors for detection of cracks, vibrations, and abnormal structural behavior Developed a centralized data Processing and structural analysis system Developed remote monitoring capability for access by transportation agencies Smart Sensors Provide a Tool for Preventing Disasters Prior to their Occurrence