Taxonomy Clades and Keys. Evolutionary Classification Phylogeny = the study of evolutionary relationships Biologists now group organisms into categories.

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Presentation transcript:

Taxonomy Clades and Keys

Evolutionary Classification Phylogeny = the study of evolutionary relationships Biologists now group organisms into categories that represent evolutionary descent (and not just physical similarities) How would you classify a hyena? Would you group it with cats or dogs? Photo credit flickr: ibeatty

Derived Characters Characteristics that appear more recently in a group but are not seen in older organisms Derived characters are used to construct a CLADOGRAM a diagram that shows evolutionary relationships

Cladograms A diagram that shows evolutionary relationships

HOW TO BUILD A CLADOGRAM Watch this animation on how to build a cladogram u/cladograms/Open-This-File.swf

Identifying Unknown Organisms When biologists do field studies, they often encounter new specimens that they would need to identify FIELD GUIDES often contain pictures for referencing organisms

Dichotomous Keys A step-by-step guide to help identify an organism Follows a series of choices that lead you to the organism’s name Photo Credit: Sam? (Flickr) What am I??

1. Has green colored body......go to 2 Has purple colored body..... go to 4 2. Has 4 legs.....go to 3 Has 8 legs Deerus octagis 3. Has a tail Deerus pestis Does not have a tail..... Deerus magnus 4. Has a pointy hump Deerus humpis Does not have a pointy hump.....go to 5 5. Has ears Deerus purplinis Does not have ears......Deerus deafus

Check for Understanding A diagram that shows an evolutionary relationship is a ________________________ A characteristic that appears only in recent members is called a ________________ character The study of evolutionary relationships is called __________________________ A system to find the name of an unknown organism is a _______________________ key

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