Introduction  1. What is demography?  2. Predict the 10 largest countries in the world by population  3. Which countries do the following cities belong to? Jakarta Dhaka Rio de Janeiro Calcutta Johannesberg Manila

What is the ‘typical 7 billion’?  Watch the following National Geographic Videos and record one statistic from each of them that is meaningful to you.  “Typical 7 Billion”  7 Billion, National Geographic Magazine

Review: Why do we care about the growth and demography of the world’s population?

Age Pyramid Review – Early Expanding CONCAVE SHAPE High Birth Rates High Death Rates Populations are not extremely high because of death rates Short life expectancy  Congo (51), Afghanistan (61), Sierra Leone (48)

Age Pyramid Review – Expanding  Typical PYRAMID shape  High Birth Rates  Death Rates are starting to lower – increased health care  Generally large populations  Slightly longer life expectancies  India, Mexico

Age Pyramid Review – Stable  Often looks like a ‘house’  Relatively straight sides  Birth rates significantly lower  Death Rates significantly lower – strong health care  Much larger elderly population  Population can sustain itself  USA, France

Age Pyramid Review – Contracting  Bottom is extremely small  Very low birth rate  Low death rate  Large population of elderly people  Needs immigration to sustain its population with labour force  Japan, Germany, Canada

Prediction Questions  Which pyramid type has a “shrinking” population? CONTRACTING  Which pyramid type has the highest birth and death rates? EARLY EXPANDING  Which pyramids do you think have the highest standard of living? STABLE/CONTRACTING  Which pyramid do you think is most likely to represent Brazil or India? EXPANDING  Which pyramid do you think represents Afghanistan or Congo? EARLY EXPANDING  Which pyramid has the largest number of people under 15, and people over 64? EXPANDING DEPENDENCY RATIO – # of PEOPLE IN A POPULATION WHO NEED TO BE TO TAKEN CARE OF

Discuss: Why would the gov’t care if:  If there is a large elderly population (contracting)?  If nearly half a population is under 15?  If Canada’s (with a stable- contracting population) immigration is dropping?  Do you agree with Canada’s policy of focusing on accepting ‘highly-skilled’ immigrants?

What makes populations progress through different stages?

Good Question…  We’re not sure exactly, but the Demographic Transition Model attempts to explain it.  Suggests that as economic and social development occurs in a country, it will move towards different stages to more stable population growth Ex. Less poverty, better health care = Less Need for Large Families  Model has 5 stages – pg

Expressed Visually…

Now match it up to Pyramids… *** This is a spectrum..with space in between different stages

 So… How CAN we control the world’s population? China and India – discuss. ○ DO you think this is a good strategy, for government to attempt to control population through policies like ‘the one-child?” Hans Rosling ○ How does HE propose that population growth be controlled? ○ What is the role of the DEVELOPED world in this?