Civil War Review

What was the Confederacy?

The slaveholding states that seceded from the Union. #1

Who was president of the Confederacy?

#2

What category did the North have the biggest advantage?

#3

What event sparked the beginning of the Civil War? Hint

The Confederate attack on Ft. Sumter on April 12, 1861.

Who won the presidential election of 1860?

What did Lincoln call his "greatest and most enduring contribution to the history of the war"?

The Emancipation Proclamation Because the Proclamation freed enslaved African Americans only in states at war with the Union, it did not address slavery in the border states. One reason the border states were omitted was because Lincoln did not want to endanger their loyalty. The Proclamation, by its very existence, transformed the conflict over preserving the Union into a war of liberation.

How could a person get an exemption from being drafted into the Union army?

The civil war the first American war in which soldiers were drafted. The South was first to employ the draft, followed by the North. In March of 1863, the National conscription act was passed. Draftees would be called by lottery. Once called, a draftee had the opportunity to either pay a commutation fee of $300 to be exempt from a particular battle, or to hire a replacement that would exempt him from the entire war. Substitutes were often recent immigrants to the U.S., but even before these new citizens were paid privately to serve, they were recruited, as evidenced by the Garibaldi Guard poster below, which appealed to Italian, French, and German immigrants to support their newly- adopted country.

Why are there often two names for the same battle?

Union commanders chose names based on close rivers, creeks or mountains. Confederate commanders typically named battles after the nearest city or town. Ex. Bull Run / Manassas

What was the significance of the Massachusetts 54 th Regiment?

The 54th Massachusetts Regiment was the first black regiment recruited in the North. Battle of Fort Wagner 1863 Robert Gould Shaw

What two battlefield victories on July 4, 1863, turned the tide of the war in favor of the Union?

By the spring of 1864, who was the commander of the Union Army of the Potomac? Confederate Army of Northern Virginia?

General Ulysses S. Grant Army of the Potomac General Robert E. Lee Army of Northern Virginia

What Union General led the march through Georgia in late 1864 and what was the purpose of this “March to the Sea”?

The purpose of the march was to make Southern civilians understand the horrors of war and to pressure them into giving up the struggle. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman

What happened at Appomattox Courthouse on April 9, 1865?

Lee’s surrender to Grant ended the Civil War. Grant’s generous terms of surrender guaranteed that the United States would not prosecute Confederate soldiers for treason.

How does the Civil War compare to other wars in terms of total casualties?

The American Civil War is the bloodiest war in U.S. History. About 599 deaths per day during the span of four years.