HLTH 2374 NOTES – CHAPTER 6 PEOPLE SHOULD SEEK HELP WHEN A MENTAL, EMOTIONAL, OR BEHAVIORAL PROBLEM SIGNIFICANTLY INTERFERES SOMEONE’S ABILITY TO FUNCTION PROPERLY. NINE COMMON CATEGORIES: DEPRESSION ANXIETY RIGIDITY – OBSESSIVE THOUGHTS OR ACTIONS; SELF DEFEATING BEHAVIOR IMPULSIVITY – INTENSE FLIGHTINESS, ALSOHOL ABUSE, VIOLENT BEHAVIOR IMPAIRED SOCIABILITY COPING DIFFICULTY UNREALITY – DELUSIONS, HALLLUCINATION, ETC. REPEATED FAILURE SUBSTANCE ABUSE MENTAL HEALTH PRACTITIONERS PSYCHIATRISTS – M.D. OR D.O.’S WITH AT LEAST 3 YEARS SPECIALIZED TRAINING PSYCHOLOGISTS – PH. D. OR PSY.D. AND CLINICAL TRAINING, STATE EXAM PSYCHOANALYSTS – PSYCHIATRISTS OR PSYCHOLOGISTS WITH SPECIAL TRAINING SOCIAL WORKERS – PH.D. OR MASTERS WITH CLINICAL TRAINING, STATE EXAM CLINICAL MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELOR – MASTERS DEGREE IN COUNSELING AN CLINICAL TRAINING, STATE EXAM

MENTAL HEALTH PRACTITIONERS CONTINUED: SPECIALISTS IN PSYCHIATRIC NURSING – R.N. WITH MASTER DEGREE AND CLINICAL TRAINING, STATE EXAM MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THERAPOSTS – MASTERS OR DOCTORAL LEVEL TRAINING PLUS 2 YEARS CLINICAL EXPERIENCE SEXUAL THERAPISTS - MASTERS’S DEGREE, CLINICAL TRAINING, AASECT NOT STATE CERTIFICATION SUBSTANCE ABUSE SOUNSELORS – ASSOCIATE, BACHLORS, OR MASTERS FINDING A SUITABLE THERAPIST MAY BE DIFFICULT: WIDE RANGE OF PRACTITIONERS LACK STANDARDIZATION OF TRAINING AND CREDENTIALS MANY DIFFERENT APPROACHES MAY BE USED BY PRACTITIONERS PERSON SEEKING HELP MAY NOT KNOW WHICH TYPE OF TREATMENT IS MOST APPROPRIATE COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN PATIENT AND THERAPIST IS VERY IMPORTANT SOME PRACTITIONERS USE QUESTIONABLE PRACTICES PSYCHOTHERAPY – CONVERSATIONAL APPROACH DESIGNED TO HELP PATIENTS MANY TYPES: PSYCHODYNAMIC TREATMENT, SUPPORTIVE THERAPY COGNITIVE THERAPY, BEHAVIORAL THERAPY, BIOFEEDBACK, GROUP THERAPY, MARRIAGE COUNSELING, HYPNOSIS

DRUG THERAPY - ONLY WRITTEN BY PHYSICIAN ANTIANXIETY AGENTS – MINOR TRANQUILIZERS (VALIUM, PROZAC,ETC.) ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS – MAJOR TRANQUILIZERS – REVOLUTIONIZED THE FIELD OF PSYCHIATRY, USED MOSTLY IN INSTITUTIONS ANTIDEPRESSENTS ANTIMANIC AGENTS ANTI-OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE AGENTS RITALIN – USED TO TREAT ADHD CHILDREN, MAY BE OVERUSED DRUG COMPLICATIONS ARE AN ISSUE ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY – NOT OFTEN USED, SOMETIMES USED FOR SEVERE DEPRESSION PSYCHOSOMATIC DISORDERS INPATIENT CARE: DANGEROUS TO SELF, TO OTHERS, SPECIALIZED TRT. IS NEEDED DRUG ABUSE PROPRAMS SELECTING A THERAPIST WHAT TYPE OF HELP IS WANTED? WHICH PRACTITIONERS CAN PROVIDE SUCH HELP? ARE THEY AVAILABLE IN THE COMMUNICTY? HOW MUCH CAN THE PATIENT AFFORD TO PAY? MUST SEE A PHYSICIAN FOR DRUGS COST IS FROM $75-$150/HR MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR IS PATIENT-THERAPIST RELATIONSHIP

HOSPITAL CARE IS NEEDED WHEN: THE PATIENT IS CONSIDERED DANGEROUS TO SELF THE PATIENT IS CONSIDERED DANGEROUS TO OTHERS COMMUNITY CARE IS NOT POSSIBLE SPECIALIZED TREATMENT IS AVAILABLE ONLY IN HOSPITAL QUESTIONABLE SELF-HELP PRODUCTS INCLUDE: SUBLIMINAL TAPES – OF NO PROVEN VALUE BIOFEEDBACK GADGETS SELF-HELP INSTRUCTIIONAL PROGRAMS BRAIN WAVE SYNCHRONIZERS BACH REMEDIES - HOMOPATHIC REMEDEY TO CALM PEOPLE DIETARY SUPPLEMENT, HERBS, AND HORMONES - LACK STANDARDIZATION, LACK PROPER RESEARCH FOR PROOF KAVA – RELIEVE ANXIETY ST. JOHN’S WART & SAMe – DEPRESSION GINKGO BILOBA – IMPROVE MEMORY MANY VITAMINS CONCOCTIONS ARE RECOMMENDED FOR HYPERACTIVITY, AUTISM, ETC.

QUESTIONABLE PRACTICES INCLUDE: SENSITIVITY TRAINING/ENCOUNTER GROUPS MEDITATION MEGAVITAMIN THERAPY – ORTHOMOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY THE FEINGOLD DIET – DIET FREE OF SALICYLATES, ARTIFICIAL COLORS, AND ARTIFICIAL FLAVORS – REDUCED HYPERACTIVITY IN CHILDREN TREATMENTS FOR LEARNING DISABILITIES AND AUTISM-AUDITORY INTEGRATION TRAINING, CHLEATION THERAPY, DOMAN-DELACATO TREATMENT, EYE MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION, FACILITATED COMMUNICATION, NERUAL ORGANIZATION TECHNIQUE, NEURO EMOTIONAL TECHNIQUE, OPTOMETRIC VISUAL TRAINING NEUROLINGUISTIC PROGRAMMING – FOR INPROVED COMMUNICATION ATTACHMENT THERAPY-FOR NEGLECTED OR ABUSED CHILDREN PAST-LIFE THERAPY STIMULATION OF FALSE MEMORIES – REMEMBERING CHILDHOOD MEMORIES THAT MAY OR MAY NOT HAVE HAPPENED THOUGHT FIELD THERAPY – ATTEMPTS TO ELIMINATE NEGATIVE EMOTIONS DIANETIC AND PURIFICATION – CHURCH OF SCIENTOLOGY (DEVELOPED BY L. RON HUBBARD) ROUTINE PERSONALITY TESTING PSYCHIC COUNSELING – 900 NUMBERS, ETC. MISMANAGEMENT OF PSYCHOTHERAPY NO SEXUAL RELATIONS WITH PATIENTS BEING TOTALLY CONFIDENTIAL NOT ALLOWING PATIENTS TO BECOME TOO DEPENDENT ADHERENCE TO A RESEASONABLE SCHEDULE

BOUNDARY VIOLATIONS REPEATEDLY TOUCHING OR HUGGING THE PATIENT MUCH NONTHERAPEUTIC CONTACT OUTSIDE OFFICE HIRING THE PATIENT OR USE AS A VOLUNTEER TALKING ABOUT OTHER PATIENTS DISCLOSING PERSONAL PROBLEMS GIVING OR ACCEPTING VALUABLE GIFTS OR LOANS ADDRESSING THE PATIENT WITH A PET NAME DRESSING SEDUCTIVELY IGNORING UNPAID BILLS FOR RTREATMENT PERMITTING A PATIENT TO RUN ERRANDS PROMOTING THE THERAPIST’S RELIGIOUS BELIEFS OFFERING TO JOIN THE PATIENT IN A BUSINESS VENTURE ENGAGING IN CULTLIKE BEHAVIOR WITH THE THERAPIST