Illustrated Glossary Integrated Social Studies/English Language Arts Curriculum (Grade 3) ©Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES Curriculum & Instructional Services

abundance a large quantity; more than is necessary

advice an opinion or suggestion offered about a decision

advisor someone to talk to who offers advice

agriculture the job of working on the land, producing crops, and raising livestock

allegiance loyalty and obedience owed to one’s country or government

argument a reason for or against something

bill a law presented to elected representatives for approval

budget a plan for using money

capital a city where the state government offices are located

capitol the building in which the legislature meets

caption The title or explanation accompanying a painting, picture, cartoon, or photograph

ceremony a formal action performed in some regular way

Chief Executive another word for the president of the United States

citizen a person who belongs to a country, owes allegiance to a government, and is protected by it

commander-in-chief one in charge of the armed forces; in the United States that is the President

community people who live, work, or enjoy things together

congress the chief lawmaking body of a nation

consequence the result of an action

constitution the basic beliefs and laws of a nation, state, or social group that establish the powers and duties of the government and guarantees certain rights to the people

consumer person who buys and uses goods

crop plant used as food that can be grown and harvested

culture the beliefs, social practices, and characteristics of a racial, religious, or social group or the characteristic features of everyday life shared by people in a particular place or time

custom the usual way of doing things : the usual practice of a person or group

decision making the act of figuring out what to do in a situation

defense the means or method to protect a country

demand the ability and desire to purchase goods or services

democracy government by the people or their elected representatives

deny to declare not to be true

diversity a group made up of different types of people or things

document a written or printed paper giving information

economy system a country uses to distribute goods and services

elect to choose someone to hold office

equality not varying from one person or part to another;fairness amongst people

export to carry or send goods for sale out of one country to another

generation a group of individuals born and living at the same time

goods things that or owned or sold

government the institutions, laws, and customs through which a group is ruled

holiday a day of celebration or remembrance fixed by law

honor evidence or a symbol of great respect (as a title or medal)

House of Representatives the lower house of the U.S. Congress; the lawmaking branch of government. Representatives are elected based on state population

import to bring goods or services into a country from another country, usually for selling

income an amount of money received during a period of time that comes from work, business, or rent

independence freedom from outside control or support

interdependence to need one another

justice fairness

justices public officials having authority to decide questions brought before a court (also called judges

law a rule of conduct or action decided by the legislature and enforced by the executive and the courts

leader a person in charge or in control

legal permitted by law or established rules

liberty the right and power to act, believe, or express yourself in a manner of your own choosing

majority a number greater than half of a total number; a group having the number of votes necessary for control

memorial something such as a monument or holiday, intended to celebrate or honor the memory of a person or an event

military the force that defends a county: army, navy, marines, air force

minority less than half; a group having less than the number of votes necessary for control

money something (as coins or bills) generally accepted as a way of measuring value, as a way to trade, and as a way to pay for goods and services

monument structure, such as a building or sculpture, established as a memorial

natural resources something (as a mineral, waterpower source,forest, or kind of animal) that is found in nature and is valuable to humans (as in providing a source of energy, recreation, or scenic beauty

needs what is necessary to survive: food, water and shelter

petition formal written request made to a superior or authority

pioneer one of the first to do something

pledge a promise or agreement that must be kept

preserve to keep or save from injury, loss, or ruin; an area where natural resources (as fish, game, or trees) are protected

president the chief decision maker of a government; the highest person in power

privilege a right or liberty granted as a favor or benefit especially to some and not others

produce something grown, like fruits and vegetables

producer a person who grows agricultural products or manufactures goods

product something grown, mined or manufactured

protect to cover or shield from something that would destroy or injure

recreation a way of refreshing mind or body

representatives persons chosen from among the people, usually by election to govern for them

responsibility task that you should do

rights one's privileges as a citizen; what the people are free to do or are protected from government interference

rules directions that tell people what they must, or must not, do

scarcity a shortage of the amount of available resources versus the wants and needs of the people

Senate the upper house of the U.S. Congress; the lawmaking branch of government. There are two senators elected from each state

service economic acts people perform for others that do not involve production of goods: ie. doctors, teachers, barbers

supply the quantity or amount of something that is needed or available

The Supreme Court the highest court in the United States

symbol something that represents something else

tradition the information, beliefs, or customs handed down from one generation to another

veteran a former member of the armed forces

wants things that most people like to have but do not n eed tosurvive