Windows Server MIS 424 Professor Sandvig

Overview Role of servers Performance Requirements Server Hardware Software Windows Server IIS

Role of Servers File server WWU U drive CBE J drive – courses Network printing Mail server Network support Active Directory Domain Controller DNS Server Database server Web server

Performance Requirements Reliability Network services depends upon Operate 24/7 Security Must authenticate and authorize file access Web servers exposed to Internet Scalability Add capacity Support clusters Performance monitoring tools

Server Hardware

Hardware runs 24/7 for years Must be reliable Use: High quality components redundancy

Server Hardware Reliability Power Redundant power supplies UPS – Uninterruptible Power Supply Redundant cooling fans Remote Supervisor Separate computer that monitors server Sends message when problem is detected Storage…

Server Hardware RAID Storage Redundant Array of Inexpensive Drives Combines multiple hard drives No data lost if one fails RAID 1 2 or more mirrored disks – each stores same data RAID 5 3 or more striped disks with parity RAID 6 Recover two lost disks Requires RAID controller Hot swapping Replace disk drive without powering down

Server Hardware Automated backups Nightly or more frequently Tape drive Network Amazon S3 Copies off-site

Server Hardware Yorktown HP ProLiant DL360 G6ProLiant DL360 G6 Purchased 2010 ~ $3,200 + storage 2003 Yorktown ~$15,000 Quad core, 64 bit Dimensions: 1.7” tall 4 hot-swap bays Storage: RAID 0, 1, 5, 10, 50 6 GB RAM (max 144 GB) Redundant hot-swap cooling and power Mirrored memory Lights-out management Separate processor w/ web interface Server diagnostics & restart No video, audio, keyboard, printer… Windows Server 2008

Sever Software Several OS available MS Windows – 46% revenue* Unix – 18% Linux - 20% IBM System z – 12% Our focus: Windows Server *IDC Worldwide Server Market May 2012

Server Software In 2013 Server/Tools brought in more money than Windows.

Windows Server Windows Server built on PC OS Server 2003  Windows XP Server 2008  Windows Vista Server 2012  Windows 8 Server ROCKS more later… Security Default applications: stripped down Minimize attack surface Configure Server Wizard

Event Logging

Windows Server Self-healing file system Detects & fixes corrupted files on-the-fly Hyper-V Server 2008 Create virtual servers Power Shell Task automation via scripting language

Windows Server 2012 Pricing – complicatedcomplicated Range $399 - $10,000+ Depends upon: Number of processors Number of virtual machines Client access licenses (CALs) Amazon

Windows Server Our interest: Web server: Internet Information Services (IIS) Tightly integrated with Windows Permissions Applications Error handling

IIS Role of IIS 1. Handle http requests 2. Application reliability 3. Security – check credentials 4. Log activity

IIS – 1. Handle Requests

IIS – Set up web sites IIS Manager GUI to manage web site configuration Host multiple web sites on single server

IIS – Set up new web site Setup new web site

IIS – Set up web site Each web site has many configuration options Goals: Reliability Security

IIS – ASP.NET applications Web sites partitioned into applications Each application has many config. options Goals: Reliability Security

IIS – Handle Requests Application transfers request to appropriate handler

IIS – Application pools Applications can become “un-healthy” Memory leaks Errors Abandoned data stored in Application etc. etc. Become slow Consume lots of memory

IIS – Application pools Application Pools Added in Server 2003 Assign applications to “pools” Each pool is Windows process Create rules to: close unused applications restart unhealthy applications release memory

IIS – Application pools Create new application pools in IIS

IIS – Application pools Assign applications to pools

IIS – Application pools Very effective!

IIS - Security Every request requires authentication and authorization Anonymous users Permissions from IIS Network Service account Built-in Windows account

IIS Security Assigning identities to requests

IIS Security Windows permissions on folder

IIS – Log activities Event log W3 Service log

Summary Windows Server Popular Many uses File server, mail server, database server…. Web Server IIS Provides many configuration options Goals: Reliability Security