Pertemuan 7 Prepositions

Consider the professor's desk and all the prepositional phrases we can use while talking about it. You can sit before the desk (or in front of the desk). The professor can sit on the desk (when he's being informal) or behind the desk, and then his feet are under the desk or beneath the desk. He can stand beside the desk (meaning next to the desk), before the desk, between the desk and you, or even on the desk (if he's really strange). If he's clumsy, he can bump into the desk or try to walk through the desk (and stuff would fall off the desk). Passing his hands over the desk or resting his elbows upon the desk, he often looks across the desk and speaks of the desk or concerning the desk as if there were nothing else like the desk.

Because he thinks of nothing except the desk, sometimes you wonder about the desk, what's in the desk, what he paid for the desk, and if he could live without the desk. You can walk toward the desk, to the desk, around the desk, by the desk, and even past the desk while he sits at the desk or leans against the desk. All of this happens, of course, in time: during the class, before the class, until the class, throughout the class, after the class, etc. And the professor can sit there in a bad mood [another adverbial construction]. Those words in bold blue font are all prepositions.

Definition A preposition is a word that links a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase to some other part of the sentence. Prepositions are usually followed by nouns and pronouns . Sometimes the nouns are ing forms

Beside and Besides Besides : in addition to (selain) E.g. besides our dog, we also have two cats. Beside : next to (di samping) E.g. Tomi sat beside Andrew during the exam

Because and Because Of Because (Karena)  conjunction Pattern : because + sentence clause (S + P + V) E.g. I love her because she is beautiful Because of (disebabkan / dikarenakan)  prepositional phrase Pattern : because of + noun/noun phrase E.g. I love her because of her beauty

On Used to express a surface of something: I put an egg on the kitchen table. The paper is on my desk. Used to specify days and dates: The garbage truck comes on Wednesdays. I was born on the 14th day of June in 1988. Used to indicate a device or machine, such as a phone or computer: He is on the phone right now. She has been on the computer since this morning. My favorite movie will be on TV tonight.

On Used to indicate a part of the body: The stick hit me on my shoulder. He kissed me on my cheek. I wear a ring on my finger. Used to indicate the state of something: Everything in this store is on sale. The building is on fire.

In Used for unspecific times during a day, month, season, year: She always reads newspapers in the morning. In the summer, we have a rainy season for three weeks. The new semester will start in March. Used to indicate a location or place: She looked me directly in the eyes. I am currently staying in a hotel. My hometown is Los Angeles, which is in California. Used to indicate a shape, color, or size: This painting is mostly in blue. The students stood in a circle. This jacket comes in four different sizes.

In Used to express while doing something: In preparing for the final report, we revised the tone three times. A catch phrase needs to be impressive in marketing a product. Used to indicate a belief, opinion, interest, or feeling: I believe in the next life. We are not interested in gambling.

At Used to point out specific time: Used to indicate a place: I will meet you at 12 p.m. The bus will stop here at 5:45 p.m. Used to indicate a place: There is a party at the club house. There were hundreds of people at the park. We saw a baseball game at the stadium. Used to indicate an email address: Please email me at abc@defg.com. Used to indicate an activity: He laughed at my acting. I am good at drawing a portrait.

For I have been working for ten hours and I do not see when I can stop. (for = selama) You need to take a rest. It is for your own good. (for = untuk) For many people, hiking is not considered a fun activity. (for = bagi) I can play quite a few musical instruments, for example, the flute, the guitar, and the piano. (for = sebagai) There are many things a student can do to supplement his learning and second language acquisition.  For example, students can attend churches where the target language is spoken.  They can make many friends and attend numerous gatherings for free (sebagai)

As The tornado is coming toward this town as I speak now (as = selagi, bersamaan) As your faculty, I always have a dream that one day you will come back to this university with pride. (as = sebagai) The girl is as pretty as the one I saw yesterday at the library. You can do many things during the upcoming holiday, such as swimming, biking, hiking and driving.

About Let’s talk about history of computer. (about = tentang). How about you? (tentang) He has been missing more than a decade and there has been no information of his whereabout. (whereabout = keberadaannya) His height is about 150 cm. (about = kira-kira/sekitar) The ceremony is about to start. (about = sebentar lagi akan) How about tomorrow? (kalau)

Out Left for exercise

Off Left for exercise

By Left for exercise