International Center for Leadership in Education Dr. Willard R. Daggett Region 11 Education Service Center Rigor & Relevance for School Improvement March 29-30, 2006

Skills Gap

Rigor/Relevance - All Why Why Do We Need to Change to Change Schools? Schools? What What Needs to Needs to Be Done? Be Done? How How Do We Do It? It?

Application Model Application Model 1. Knowledge in one discipline 2. Application within discipline 3. Application across disciplines 4. Application to real-world predictable situations 5. Application to real-world unpredictable situations

Rigor/Relevance - All Why Why Do We Need to Change to Change Schools? Schools? What What Needs to Needs to Be Done? Be Done? How How Do We Do It? It?

Challenges Globalization Demographics Values / Beliefs Technology

Globalization 9/11 11/9 Information Tech (Work to Worker)

Globalization Tax Returns MRIs Reuters McDonalds A- Level

World Leaders 1600sSpanish 1700Dutch 1800sBritish 1900sUnited States 2000s?? ?? ??

China Clothes / Shoes Furniture Consumer Electronics Computers Bio Technology

What do you see when you think of China?

China Today

China World Class for 10% K – 12 Universal by World Class Universities 30 World Class Research Universities Math /Science Focus (Specialist – 3 rd Grade on) International Orientation (110 Million – English) “Not Invented Here” Coherent Teacher Preparation Early Childhood (3 year old – universal by 2015) Career Focus Source: Education in China: Lessons for U.S. Educators, Asia Society – Business Roundtable, CCSSO

The Workplace Moving from a Place to a Space

Challenges Globalization Demographics Values / Beliefs Technology

Start Working End Working Longevity

/ 100 Demographics / Economic / – 1.8 / 100

Medicare % % %

Source: Time Magazine October 31, 2005 Retirement and Health Care Delta Delta Northwest Northwest United United US Air US Air Airlines General Motors General Motors Ford Ford Auto Overall 1985 – 112, , ?

As the largest buyer of U.S. Treasury securities, China is never far removed from U.S. Markets Source: Chicago Tribune

Pensions in Peril $500$400$300$200$100 0 Source: Time Magazine October 31, 2005 …the amount companies are short- changing their plans is climbing… ’95 ’97 ’99 ’01 ‘03 In billions

Public – Employee Pension Fund Shortfall $ 700 Billion Source: Barclay Global Investment October, 2005

Public Pension Shortfall Illinois Teachers62% Illinois State Employees54.2% Mississippi State Employees53.4% Nationwide87.8% Source: The Associated Press

Registered Voters School Age Children % %

Challenges Globalization Demographics Values / Beliefs Technology

Larger Context 1901 – 24G.I – 45Silent 1946 – 60Boomers 1961 – 81Gen X Millennial

Challenges Globalization Demographics Values / Beliefs Technology

Information Technology Processing Processing Communications Communications

Central Units’ Memory = 8 MB 2004 iPod = 4 GB 2005 iPod = 20 GB 2006 iPod = 80 GB 1964 IBM System / 360 Mainframe

Nano Technology Atom Up Atom Up

SPOT MicrosoftMicrosoft –Citizen –Fossil –Suunco

SPOT Integrated ProjectionIntegrated Projection Projection KeyboardProjection Keyboard

Projection Keyboard

Computing Speed Storage Binary Computing

Why - What - How Millions times faster Million times more storage Parallel computing DNA Computing

Why - What - How Faster Storage Multiple Computing Quantum Computing

Computing Speed Storage DNA Quantum Binary

Information Technology Processing Processing Communications Communications

Bio Technology Biological Science Biological Science Practical Application Practical Application

Ruth Fremson, The New York Times

Information Technology Processing Processing Communications Communications

Bio Technology Biological Science Biological Science Practical Application Practical Application

Nano Technology Atom Up Atom Up

Info Tech Nano Tech Bio Tech 2000

Info Tech Nano Tech Bio Tech 2006

Info Tech Nano Tech Bio Tech 2010

Bio / Nano / Info ‘68‘78‘88‘98‘08 Capacity Applications Size

The Last Remnants of Industrial Age Government Schools

Skills Gap

Gaps Achievement Ambition Education

STEM Physical Science43 % Mathematics42 % Computer Science46 % Physics 36 % Engineering Science56 %

Science / Engineering 60 % of Degrees – Asia 5 % of Degrees – U.S. 350,000 per Year in China % in Asia High Skill - Low Wage U.S. –12% 3rd to 17 th 2/3 to retire

Rigor/Relevance - All Why Why Do We Need to Change to Change Schools? Schools? What What Needs to Needs to Be Done? Be Done? How How Do We Do It? It?

Grade Equivalent Semantic Difficulty Semantic Difficulty Syntactic Complexity Syntactic Complexity

Lexile Framework Semantic Difficulty Semantic Difficulty Syntactic Complexity Syntactic Complexity

Lexile Literature On Ancient Medicine The Scarlet Letter Brown vs. Board of Ed War and Peace Pride and Prejudice Black Beauty Tom Swift in the Land of Wonders The Adventures of Pinocchio Bunnicula: A Rabbit Tale of Mystery A Baby Sister for Frances The Magic School Bus Inside the Earth Frog and Toad are Friends Clifford’s Manners

Lexile Texts The Making of Memory: From Molecules to Mind; Doubleday Philosophical Essays; Hackett Publishing Psychology: An Introduction; Prentice Hall Business; Prentice Hall America: Pathways to Present; Prentice Hall Writing and Grammar Gold Level; Prentice Hall World Cultures: A Global Mosaic; Prentice Hall Word 97; Glencoe/McGraw-Hill World Explorer: The U.S. & Canada; Prentice Hall Science (Grade 4); Addison-Wesley People and Places; Silver Burdett Ginn Imagine That!; Scholastic Inc My World; Harcourt Brace

Personal Use Aetna Health Care Discount Form (1360) Medical Insurance Benefit Package (1280) Application for Student Loan (1270) Federal Tax Form W-4 (1260) Installing Your Child Safety Seat (1170) Microsoft Windows User Manual (1150) G.M. Protection Plan (1150) CD DVD Player Instructions (1080)

Newspapers Reuters (1440) NY Times (1380) Washington Post (1350) Wall Street Journal (1320) Chicago Tribune (1310) Associated Press (1310) USA Today (1200)

16 Career Clusters Department of Education

Reading Requirements Findings Entry-level Entry-level Highest in 6/16 Highest in 6/16 Second Highest in 7/16 Second Highest in 7/16 Consistent Across Country Consistent Across Country

Human Services

Construction

Manufacturing

Reading Entry Level Entry Level Blue Collar Blue Collar

Reading Comparison – High School

Reading I.Belief –Life Long Learning –Reading Key II.Best Practices –K – 12 –Support Non Reading Teachers –Failure Cycle –Age Appropriate –Build on Strengths / Interests

III.Solution –Address Decoding String words together Background (Reading in the Content Area) Techniques (i.e. Mental Picture) Age AppropriateReading –Balanced Approached Direction Instruction Differentiated Instruction Data Driven Instruction –Place / Access / Monitor Lexile

Reading IV.Read 180 –Content Specific –Age Appropriate –Mental Models

Quantile Framework Numbers and Operations Numbers and Operations Algebra / Patterns & Functions Algebra / Patterns & Functions Data Analysis & Probability Data Analysis & Probability Measurement Measurement Geometry

Rigor/Relevance Framework

1.Awareness 2.Comprehension 3.Application 4.Analysis 5.Synthesis 6.Evaluation Knowledge Taxonomy Knowledge Taxonomy

Application Model Application Model 1. Knowledge in one discipline 2. Application within discipline 3. Application across disciplines 4. Application to real-world predictable situations 5. Application to real-world unpredictable situations

12345 Application Knowledge Rigor/Relevance Framework

Levels CDCDABABCDCDABAB Bloom’s Application

KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGE A P P L I C A T I O N A B D C Rigor/Relevance Framework Teacher Work Teacher/Student Roles Student Think Student Think & Work Student Work

A B D C Rigor/Relevance Framework Express probabilities as fractions, percents, or decimals. Classify triangles according to angle size and/or length of sides. Calculate volume of simple three- dimensional shapes. Given the coordinates of a quadrilateral, plot the quadrilateral on a grid. Analyze the graphs of the perimeters and areas of squares having different-length sides. Determine the largest rectangular area for a fixed perimeter. Identify coordinates for ordered pairs that satisfy an algebraic relation or function. Determine and justify the similarity or congruence for two geometric shapes. Obtain historical data about local weather to predict the chance of snow, rain, or sun during year. Test consumer products and illustrate the data graphically. Plan a large school event and calculate resources (food, decorations, etc.) you need to organize and hold this event. Make a scale drawing of the classroom on grid paper, each group using a different scale. Calculate percentages of advertising in a newspaper. Tour the school building and identify examples of parallel and perpendicular lines, planes, and angles. Determine the median and mode of real data displayed in a histogram Organize and display collected data, using appropriate tables, charts, or graphs.

A B D C Rigor/Relevance Framework Analyze the graphs of the perimeters and areas of squares having different-length sides. Determine the largest rectangular area for a fixed perimeter. Identify coordinates for ordered pairs that satisfy an algebraic relation or function. Determine and justify the similarity or congruence for two geometric shapes. Obtain historical data about local weather to predict the chance of snow, rain, or sun during year. Test consumer products and illustrate the data graphically. Plan a large school event and calculate resources (food, decorations, etc.) you need to organize and hold this event. Make a scale drawing of the classroom on grid paper, each group using a different scale. Calculate percentages of advertising in a newspaper. Tour the school building and identify examples of parallel and perpendicular lines, planes, and angles. Determine the median and mode of real data displayed in a histogram Organize and display collected data, using appropriate tables, charts, or graphs. Express probabilities as fractions, percents, or decimals. Classify triangles according to angle size and/or length of sides. Calculate volume of simple three- dimensional shapes. Given the coordinates of a quadrilateral, plot the quadrilateral on a grid.

A B D C Rigor/Relevance Framework Express probabilities as fractions, percents, or decimals. Classify triangles according to angle size and/or length of sides. Calculate volume of simple three- dimensional shapes. Given the coordinates of a quadrilateral, plot the quadrilateral on a grid. Analyze the graphs of the perimeters and areas of squares having different-length sides. Determine the largest rectangular area for a fixed perimeter. Identify coordinates for ordered pairs that satisfy an algebraic relation or function. Determine and justify the similarity or congruence for two geometric shapes. Obtain historical data about local weather to predict the chance of snow, rain, or sun during year. Test consumer products and illustrate the data graphically. Plan a large school event and calculate resources (food, decorations, etc.) you need to organize and hold this event. Make a scale drawing of the classroom on grid paper, each group using a different scale. Calculate percentages of advertising in a newspaper. Tour the school building and identify examples of parallel and perpendicular lines, planes, and angles. Determine the median and mode of real data displayed in a histogram Organize and display collected data, using appropriate tables, charts, or graphs.

A B D C Rigor/Relevance Framework Express probabilities as fractions, percents, or decimals. Classify triangles according to angle size and/or length of sides. Calculate volume of simple three- dimensional shapes. Given the coordinates of a quadrilateral, plot the quadrilateral on a grid. Obtain historical data about local weather to predict the chance of snow, rain, or sun during year. Test consumer products and illustrate the data graphically. Plan a large school event and calculate resources (food, decorations, etc.) you need to organize and hold this event. Make a scale drawing of the classroom on grid paper, each group using a different scale. Calculate percentages of advertising in a newspaper. Tour the school building and identify examples of parallel and perpendicular lines, planes, and angles. Determine the median and mode of real data displayed in a histogram Organize and display collected data, using appropriate tables, charts, or graphs. Analyze the graphs of the perimeters and areas of squares having different-length sides. Determine the largest rectangular area for a fixed perimeter. Identify coordinates for ordered pairs that satisfy an algebraic relation or function. Determine and justify the similarity or congruence for two geometric shapes.

A B D C Rigor/Relevance Framework Express probabilities as fractions, percents, or decimals. Classify triangles according to angle size and/or length of sides. Calculate volume of simple three- dimensional shapes. Given the coordinates of a quadrilateral, plot the quadrilateral on a grid. Analyze the graphs of the perimeters and areas of squares having different-length sides. Determine the largest rectangular area for a fixed perimeter. Identify coordinates for ordered pairs that satisfy an algebraic relation or function. Determine and justify the similarity or congruence for two geometric shapes. Calculate percentages of advertising in a newspaper. Tour the school building and identify examples of parallel and perpendicular lines, planes, and angles. Determine the median and mode of real data displayed in a histogram Organize and display collected data, using appropriate tables, charts, or graphs. Obtain historical data about local weather to predict the chance of snow, rain, or sun during year. Test consumer products and illustrate the data graphically. Plan a large school event and calculate resources (food, decorations, etc.) you need to organize and hold this event. Make a scale drawing of the classroom on grid paper, each group using a different scale.

TAKS English LA Student Expectations Tested

Texas Career and Technical Education Texas English Language Arts Essential Knowledge and Skills English II - 10 th Grade English III - 11 th Grade (Exit) TAKS Ag Services ConstructionAdvertising Health Science Machinist 10th11th (C) organize ideas in writing to ensure coherence, logical progression, and support for ideas. HHHMHHM (G) analyze strategies that writers in different fields use to compose. LLLLMLL (G) draw inferences such as conclusions, generalizations, and predictions and support them with text evidence [and experience]; HHHMHHH (D) interpret the possible influences of the historical context on a literary work. HHMLMML (B) evaluate the credibility of information sources, including how the writer's motivation may affect that credibility; HHHHHHH

Texas Arts Education Texas Mathematics Essential Knowledge and Skills 7 th Grade TAKS Visual ArtsDanceMusicTheatre (A) represent multiplication and division situations involving fractions and decimals with concrete models, pictures, words, and numbers; HHHHH (B) use addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division to solve problems involving fractions and decimals; HHHHH (D) use division to find unit rates and ratios in proportional relationships such as speed, density, price, recipes, and student-teacher ratio; HMMMM (B) use properties to classify shapes including triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons, and circles; LHMLH (B) use a problem-solving model that incorporates understanding the problem, making a plan, carrying out the plan, and evaluating the solution for reasonableness; HHHHH

Rigor/Relevance - All Why Why Do We Need to Change to Change Schools? Schools? What What Needs to Needs to Be Done? Be Done? How How Do We Do It? It?

Network

Criteria Core Academic Learning (Achievement in the core subjects of English language arts, math and science and others identified by the school) Stretch Learning (Demonstration of rigorous and relevant learning beyond the minimum requirements) Student Engagement (The extent to which students are motivated and committed to learning; have a sense of belonging and accomplishment; and have relationships with adults, peers, and parents that support learning) Personal Skill Development (Measures of personal, social, service, and leadership skills and demonstrations of positive behaviors and attitudes)

Guiding Principles  Responsibility  Contemplation  Initiative  Perseverance  Optimism  Courage  Respect  Compassion  Adaptability  Honesty  Trustworthiness  Loyalty

Personal Skill Development Student Engagement Stretch Learning Core Learning Learning Criteria SchoolOthers

Characteristics 1.Small Learning Communities 2. High Expectations Especially in LiteracyEspecially in Literacy

Characteristics 1.Small Learning Communities 2. High Expectations Especially in LiteracyEspecially in Literacy

Characteristics 1.Small Learning Communities 2. High Expectations 3. 9 th Grade

Characteristics 1.Small Learning Communities 2. High Expectations 3. 9 th Grade th Grade

Characteristics 1.Small Learning Communities 2. High Expectations 3. 9 th Grade th Grade 5. Data

TAKS English LA Student Expectations Tested

Texas Career and Technical Education Texas English Language Arts Essential Knowledge and Skills English II - 10 th Grade English III - 11 th Grade (Exit) TAKS Ag Services ConstructionAdvertising Health Science Machinist 10th11th (C) organize ideas in writing to ensure coherence, logical progression, and support for ideas. HHHMHHM (G) analyze strategies that writers in different fields use to compose. LLLLMLL (G) draw inferences such as conclusions, generalizations, and predictions and support them with text evidence [and experience]; HHHMHHH (D) interpret the possible influences of the historical context on a literary work. HHMLMML (B) evaluate the credibility of information sources, including how the writer's motivation may affect that credibility; HHHHHHH

Texas Arts Education Texas Mathematics Essential Knowledge and Skills 7 th Grade TAKS Visual ArtsDanceMusicTheatre (A) represent multiplication and division situations involving fractions and decimals with concrete models, pictures, words, and numbers; HHHHH (B) use addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division to solve problems involving fractions and decimals; HHHHH (D) use division to find unit rates and ratios in proportional relationships such as speed, density, price, recipes, and student-teacher ratio; HMMMM (B) use properties to classify shapes including triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons, and circles; LHMLH (B) use a problem-solving model that incorporates understanding the problem, making a plan, carrying out the plan, and evaluating the solution for reasonableness; HHHHH

Characteristics 1.Small Learning Communities 2. High Expectations 3. 9 th Grade th Grade 6. Curriculum 5. Data

Levels CDCDABABCDCDABAB Bloom’s Application

KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGE A P P L I C A T I O N A B D C Rigor/Relevance Framework Teacher Work Teacher/Student Roles Student Think Student Think & Work Student Work

Characteristics 1.Small Learning Communities 2. High Expectations 3. 9 th Grade th Grade 6. Curriculum 5. Data 7. Relationships / Reflective Thought

Guiding Principles  Responsibility  Contemplation  Initiative  Perseverance  Optimism  Courage  Respect  Compassion  Adaptability  Honesty  Trustworthiness  Loyalty

Curriculum RigorRigor RelevanceRelevance RelationshipsRelationships Reflective ThoughtReflective Thought

Levels CDCDABABCDCDABAB Bloom’s Application

Characteristics 1.Small Learning Communities 2. High Expectations 3. 9 th Grade th Grade 6. Curriculum 5. Data 7. Relationships / Reflective Thought 8. Professional Development

Characteristics 1.Small Learning Communities 2. High Expectations 3. 9 th Grade th Grade 6. Curriculum 5. Data 7. Relationships / Reflective Thought 8. Professional Development 9. Leadership

Leadership Problem is more people than TechnicalProblem is more people than Technical Not CharismaticNot Charismatic Entrepreneurial vs. BureaucraticEntrepreneurial vs. Bureaucratic Performance vs. CompliancePerformance vs. Compliance Department ChairsDepartment Chairs Focus on InstructionFocus on Instruction

Network

Agents of Change vs. Object of Change

Each and Every Child

1587 Route 146 Rexford, NY Phone (518) Fax (518) International Center for Leadership in Education, Inc.