FIGURE 9-1 Packed tower air stripper.

FIGURE 9-2 Two- film theory.

FIGURE 9-3 Differential section.

FIGURE 9-4 An air stripping unit.

FIGURE 9-5 Generalized pressure dropcorrelation s.

FIGURE 9-6 Schematic of carbon contactor.

FIGURE 9-7 Carbon contactors.

FIGURE 9-8 Schematic of activated carbon adsorption systems.

FIGURE 9-9 Transport processes.

FIGURE 9-10 Carbon adsorption breakthrough Curve showing movement of an adsorption zone.

FIGURE 9-11 Laboratory breakthrough curves.

FIGURE 9-12 Bed-depth service time curves corresponding to Table 9-4.

FIGURE 9-13 Atmospheric pressure steam stripping column.

FIGURE 9-14 Vacuum steam stripper.

FIGURE 9-15 Mass transfer across trays.

FIGURE 9-16 Construction of McCab e- Thiele diagram.

FIGURE 9-17 Completed McCabe-Thiele diagram.

FIGURE 9-18 Design curve—constant bottoms concentration.

FIGURE 9-19 Plate types.

FIGURE 9-20 Equipment arrangement for a typical UV/H2O2 system.

FIGURE 9-21 Destruction of chlorinated organics by ozone with and without UV radiation.

FIGURE 9-22 Reaction of ozone in aqueous solution.

FIGURE 9-23 Degradation of phenol by ozone.

FIGURE 9-24 Control of H2O2 dosage by ORP.

FIGURE 9-25 Decomposition of trichlorethylene with H2O2, UV and H2O2 UV.

FIGURE 9-26 Destruction of halogenated aliphatics by H2O2 +UV at 20C.

FIGURE 9-27 Control of cyanide destruction by ORP.

FIGURE 9-28 Schematic diagram of an SCF process for extracting organic compounds from water using CO2.

FIGURE 9-29 Process schematic diagram for SCF oxidation of an aqueous waste.

FIGURE 9-30 Pressure temperature phase diagram for water.

FIGURE 9-31 Variation in reduced density (ρR ) near the critical point for a pure compound.

FIGURE 9-32 Generalized reduced viscosities.

FIGURE 9-33 Properties of water at 250 atm.

FIGURE 9-34 Operation of electrodialysis systems.

FIGURE 9-35 Schematic of electrodialysis system.

FIGURE 9-36 Three-compartment electrodialysis cell.

FIGURE 9-37 Pickle liquor recovery process.

FIGURE 9-38 Pictorial explanation of reverse osmosis.

FIGURE 9-39 Flow diagram for a reverse osmosis system treating plating rinsewater.

FIGURE 9-40 Reverse osmosis unit.

FIGURE 9-41 Batch and continuous ultrafiltration operations.

FIGURE 9-42 Verification of the solute permeation model for Tomhannock natural organic matter (NOM).

FIGURE 9-43 The effect of operation protocol on aggregate permeate concentration and mass throughput (molecular weight separation).