First Semester Exam Review Key

Page 1 1.Round wrinkled The dominant allele is stronger and it hides the effects of the recessive allele. 2.Chromosome Nucleus DNA and genes

Page 2 3.Asexual: One parent, offspring is identical and uniform to the parent. Asexual reproduction happens very fast. Sexual: Two parents, offspring's are similar but diverse. Genetic variation. 4. Not to loose muscle mass 5. Primary life support: Oxygen Space suit: Provides the right amount of pressure in zero gravity.

Page 2 6.Ozone is a molecule that is made up of three oxygen atoms. Earth’s ozone layer blocks most ultraviolet radiation. Planet earth would heat up very quickly without the ozone. 7.Liquid water, suitable temperature, suitable atmosphere, food and a habitat. -Because its directly related to the temperature on earth. -Earth’s rotation allows all parts of earth to receive energy from the sun.

Page 3 8A. All cells need to take in energy from their environment to maintain life processes. 8B. All cells need to break down food to release stored energy. 9.Lysosomes remove waste from cells. In animals the digestive and excretory systems remove waste from the body. 10. Carbon Hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

Page Energy is released when large molecules are broken into smaller molecules. 12.Unicellular-one celled (Do not have levels of organization) -Multicellular-many celled (organized into levels of organizations, cells, tissue, organ, organ system and organism). -Cells in multicellular organisms are different -All the cells are specialized to perform specific functions.

Page 4 OrganelleFoun d in plants Foun d in anim als Function Cell membraneXXControls what enters and leaves the cell. Cell wallXProvides tough rigid support and protection NucleusXXControl center of the cell where genetic information (DNA) is found CytoplasmXXJelly like substance that holds the organelles in place MitochondriaXXPower house of the cell where energy is produced ChloroplastXPhotosynthesis occurs here plant uses sunlight to make food VacouleXXStores food, water and waste

Page 5 14.Glucose -provides energy for the cells. -By eating Product: Oxygen Reactants: Carbon dioxide and water Energy source: The sun Energy transformation: Radiant energy to chemical energy

Page 5 15.Some members of a population might be more active at night rather than the day. -If a nocturnal predator is introduced than the population which is more active during the day survives better. 16. Giraffes with longer necks would survive better if food on the ground does not exist. They will be able to get food from higher trees.

Page 6 17.Homeostasis is the body’s ability to maintain internal balance. -An animal eats a poisonous plant and vomits to get rid of it. 18. More different types of plants and animals means that there will be a greater variety of food. High biodiversity leads to greater sustainability within an ecosystem.

Page 6 19.A drop in temperature would require an animal to move to a warmer area. -The organism will not be able to maintain homeostasis and may get sick and die.

Page 7 20.Cold, sitting beneath the heat lamp. -hunger, because its moving towards the cricket. -hunger-internal stimulus of the snake leads to an external stimulus of the cricket which would be to move away. 21.Housefly -By using its physical characteristics and comparing them to the dichotomous key. -You would probably know that it’s a fly but maybe not that it’s a house fly.

Page 8 22A. Are the dry weather conditions causing the death of the oak trees? B. Is an insect infestation causing the death of the oak trees? C.Are damages caused by humans when they use the park? 23. IV: Temperature at which the dough is placed. DV: Time it takes for the dough to rise.

Page Two pieces of data: Temperature and measure the size of the rolls at regular intervals. ______________________________________________ IV: A variable that the scientist intentionally changes DV: Variable that changes as a result of the independent variable. Hypothesis: A testable question that can be tested through experimentation. Constant: variables that you keep the same throughout the experiment.