Exam Review Checklist

 What does the cell theory state?  Calculate magnification of microscopes.  Compare light microscopes, transmission electron microscopes and scanning electron microscopes.  Label and describe the parts of a cell.  Compare plant and animal cells.  Calculate the diameter of field of view under low, medium and high power.  Calculate the size of cells under low, medium and high power.  Compare carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Include information on function, food sources, enzymes that break them down. Give examples of each type of macromolecule.  Compare active and passive transport.  Define: simple diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, phagocytosis, pinoxytosis and exocytosis.  Describe the role of enzymes in the body. Give examples of enzymes and what macromolecules they break down.

 Compare the following sets of terms: seed plant/non-seed plant mosses/ferns gymnosperm/angiosperm monocot/dicot mertistematic/dermal/ground/vascular tissues  Label and describe the roles of the parts of a flower.  Label and describe the roles of parts of a root, stem and leaf.  Describe environmental factors that impact plant growth. climate, soil conditions, biodiversity  Describe human activities that impact plant growth. pesticides, deforestation, fertilizers, pollution  Describe how plants improve life on Earth. photosynthesis, phytoremediation, resources

 Define: DNA, gene, chromatin, chromosome, homologous chromosome, allele.  Draw, label and describe each of the stages of mitosis in order.  Explain how cell division is used in growth, repair and reproduction.  Explain the process of genetic testing and identify ethical concerns surrounding genetic testing.  Analyze a karyotype to determine the sex of the individual and if they suffer from any genetic disorders.  Draw, label and describe each of the stages of meiosis in order.  Compare the process of mitosis and meiosis.  Compare the process of creating sperm cells and egg cells.  Define: dominant, recessive, homozygous, heterozygous, genotype, phenotype, incomplete dominance and codominance.  Identify the genotype and phenotype of an individual.  Complete Punnett square analysis to determine the proportion of offspring with each genotype and phenotype.  Explain the uses of genetic technologies. gene therapy, cloning and genetically modified organisms

 Define: cell, tissue, organ, organ system.  Compare epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous tissue.  List and describe the role of each of the organ systems in the body. nervous, reproductive system, respiratory system, excretory system, digestive system, circulatory system  Label and describe the role of each of the parts of the digestive, respiratory and circulatory systems.  Describe the path food takes in the digestive system.  Describe the path air takes in the respiratory system.  Describe the path blood takes in the circulatory system.  Identify and describe disorders of the digestive, respiratory and circulatory systems.