The 3rd Annual Conference on Transport, Trade and Service Studies Green Transport in Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Mr W. C. Mok Assistant Director (Air Policy)

What is Green Transport when electric vehicles are not yet ready to fully replace conventional vehicles, particularly commercial ones; marine vessels still rely heavily on conventional engines; and transportation is still an essential part of our daily life?

Green Transport The following are our efforts to make the transport green – Promote the use of public transport over private cars; Introduce green technologies to the franchised bus fleet; Exploit the advancement in clean engine/fuel technologies for both land and marine transportation; and Keep the emissions of in-use vehicles/vessels under control.

Green Transport Road TransportMarine transport

Promote the Use of Public Transport

Promote the Use of Public Transport 14.8 million passenger trips per day in a typical work day 90% taken up in public transport 40% by railway 30% by franchised buses 30% by other public transports (ferries, taxis, trams, public light buses etc.)

Introduce Green Technologies to Franchised Bus Fleet

Franchised Buses Retrofitting Selective Catalytic Reduction Devices To fully subsidize franchised bus companies (at a cost of about $400 million) to retrofit some Euro II and III franchised buses with selective catalytic reduction devices (SCRT) devices to reduce their NOx emissions Enabling Euro II and III franchised buses’ emission performance to upgrade to level comparable with those of Euro IV or above buses

Franchised Buses Electric and hybrid bus trial Fully subsidize franchised bus companies - at about $210 million to purchase 36 electric buses and 6 hybrid buses for trial under local conditions Setting up pilot low emission zones for franchised buses in busy corridors Bus route rationalization

Exploit Advancement of Clean engine/fuel technologies for both Land and Marine Transportation

Statutory Vehicle Emission and Fuel Standards It is our standing policy to adopt the most stringent vehicle emission and fuel standards whenever practicable. Euro V fuel standard from July 2010 Euro V vehicle emission standards from June 2012

Promotion of Electric Vehicles Top level policy steer: Financial Secretary chairs Steering Committee on the Promotion of EVs to provide top level policy steer Financial incentives –First Registration Tax for EVs is waived till March 2017 –Full profits tax deduction for the capital expenditure on EVs in the first year of procurement Government taking the lead in using EVs 218 EVs in the Government fleet Encourage proactively the EV manufacturers to introduce EVs into HK 37 EV models

Promotion of Electric Vehicles Working with the private sector in setting up EV charging facilities About standard charging points, over 100 medium charging points, about 10 CHAdeMO quick chargers Launching a pilot scheme to enable suppliers of electric taxis to install quick chargers at Government’s car parks

Growth of Electric Vehicles 2009Oct 2014 Private cars 4926 Motorcycles Buses 25 Light buses 15 Light goods vehicles 454 Medium goods vehicles 02 Taxis 048 Total

Pilot Green Transport Fund Trials approved for testing out: –electric buses, light buses, goods vehicles and taxis –hybrid goods vehicles and light buses –solar air-conditioning system on shuttle bus & public light buses –repowering of bus engines –retrofitting a ferry with a diesel-electric propulsion system and a seawater scrubber

Keep emissions of in-use vehicles under control

Inspection & Maintenance for In-use Vehicles Dual Remote Sensing Systems in Operation

Inspection & Maintenance for In-use Vehicles Smoky Vehicle Control Program Advanced dynamometer smoke test for more stringent testing From 1999 to 2013, no. of smoky vehicles spotted fell by 80%, 59,000 => < 7,500 per year

Controlling Marine Emissions

Multi-pronged Control Strategy  Promote Clean Marine Fuel  Regulatory Control  New Technology  Regional Collaboration 23

Promote clean marine fuel  Local/river vessels  Ocean-going vessels

Upgrading local marine diesel 1 April impose statutory 0.05% sulphur limit on locally supplied marine light diesel ↓90% from 0.5% (previous limit) Local and river vessels refilled in HK: –SO 2 emission ↓90% –RSP emission ↓30% 25

Fuel switch at berth – Fair Winds Charter Introduced in 2011, extended to end 2014 Industry-led voluntary initiative OGVs switched to low-sulphur fuel while berthing 26

Fuel switch at berth Incentive Scheme and Legislation Introduced 3-year Port Facilities and Light Dues Incentive Scheme in Sept Port dues reduced 50% for OGVs switching to low S fuel (S≤0.5%) while berthing -As at Oct 2014: 7000 OGV-calls participated, revenue forgone ~HK$37M Preparing new regulation to mandate this practice in mid

Regulatory Control

Implement MARPOL Annex VI Merchant Shipping (Prevention of Air Pollution) Regulation Cap. 413M 29 PollutantControl General Ban onboard incineration Ozone depleting substances (ODS) Ban new ODS installation Sulphur dioxide Fuel sulphur cap Nitrogen oxides (NOx) NOx emission standard for new engines Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Vapor recovery from tankers when loading

Dark Smoke Control Amended legislation in July 2014 Emission darkness > Ringelmann Chart shade 2 for 3 minutes => offence 30 OGVs Shipping and Port Control Ordinance (Cap.313) Local vessels Merchant Shipping (Local Vessels) Ordinance (Cap.548)

Speed control (8-15 knots) in force in Victoria Harbour, Harbour East and West When ships slow down - energy consumption - emissions 31 Vessel Length ≦ 60m ＞ 60m (A)10 kn8kn (B)15 kn10 kn (C)15kn Vessel Speed Reduction Shipping and Port Control Regulations, Cap. 313A

New Technology

Onshore Power Supply Explore installing OPS in Kai Tak Cruise Terminal Conduct feasibility study Reviewing findings and charting way forward 33

Regional Collaboration

Regional collaboration Pursuing regional collaboration with Guangdong and Shenzhen to explore : 35 Short termFuel switch at berth Longer termEmission Control Area

THANK YOU! 36