Economic crises and the role of science AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th Barend van der Meulen | 1 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake

AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th Introduction Disasters and crises have a familiar answer: more investments in knowledge Flood Disaster 1953 Netherlands Sputnik Shock 1957US Ozone hole1985 Global Global warming Global 9/112001US - Global Earthquake2011Japan Economic crisis 2008 // Euro crisis 2011 Barend van der Meulen | 2 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake

AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th Flood disaster 1953 Netherlands Barend van der Meulen | 3 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake

AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th Sputnik Shock 1957 Barend van der Meulen | 4 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake

AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th Global warming 1988-… Barend van der Meulen | 5 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake

AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th Economic crisis 2008 // 2011 Two observations 1.The crisis comes not from outside, and science is part of the problem. 2.Calls for investments in basic science come with claims that revenues will take 20- years Barend van der Meulen | 6 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake

AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th Science and the crisis I: economics Trigger: the destruction of the housing market. Is there no science involved? There is! Sociology of knowledge applied to markets and finance show how financial practices are entangled with knowledge, technology and information. (eg MacKenzie, Knorr-Cetina, Callon) Theoretical misfits: Distribution of risks Possibilities of markets to correct greed Role of big firms as stabilizing institutions Barend van der Meulen | 7 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake

AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th Role of science in crisis II: NBIC Barend van der Meulen | 8 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake Kondratieff waves New science and technology New economic sectors and growth New international balances

AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th International scientific portfolios Barend van der Meulen | 9 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake Former soviet: Chemistry, Mechanics New Asian NBIC US - Europe Physics, Health

AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th The Netherlands, Massachussetts, South-Korea Barend van der Meulen | 10 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake Economic crisis is part of a global economic and scientifid shift

AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th First conclusions / lessons 1.Disasters have usual response: more science 2.But science is not only a solution but part of the problem 3.Science and practices entangled in “scientific-technological-social paradigms” 4.Challenge for risk control is to organize diversity in science and society 5.Challenge for STI governance in Europe to reform STI institutions Barend van der Meulen | 11 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake

AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th Effects on science: Europe 2008 Different starting positions -Science intensive countries UK, GE, FR, CH, NL, SU -Many small countries catching up: CEEC Barend van der Meulen | 12 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake

AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th EU response: New Horizon 2020 Excellent Science European Research Council Future & Emergent Technology Training and career Infrastructures € million Industrial Leadership leadership in Key Enabling Technologies access to risk finance innovation in SMEs € million Barend van der Meulen | 13 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake Societal Challenges Health and demographic change Food security Secure and clean energy Smart transport Climate and resource efficiency Inclusive societies € million

AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th National responses: mix Investments in science, policies to restructure the science system and breed European Top Universities within global competition (eg Denmark, Germany, France) No new budgets and policies to link universities closer to industry (eg UK, Netherlands) New budgets cuts especially in countries suffering from the Eurocrisis (eg Greece, Portugal, etc.) Barend van der Meulen | 14 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake

AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th European struggle Securing the science system -European identity -strong in scientific output and impact -weak links with economy -Institutional inert Building an innovation system -European paradox -Emphasising societal challenges -University industry collaborations -Institutional reforms Barend van der Meulen | 15 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake

AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th Three possible outcomes Scenario 1: Horizon 2020 results in a European knowledge area with integrated processes of research, innovation and higher education Scenario 2: Horizon 2020 is obstructed by national ressentiments and results in more complexity and further institutional inertia. Scenario 3: Horizon 2020 and national policies together create European winners and national losers Barend van der Meulen | 16 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake

AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th Final conclusions / lessons 1.But science is not only a solution but part of the problem 2.Challenge for risk control is to organize diversity in science and society 3.Challenge: new governance of science, technology and innovation 4.But science as a solution creates struggles about the role of science and its position 5.Danger: more scientific research but without restructuring may create more lock-ins Barend van der Meulen | 17 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake