גורם ל CSD בבני אדם. מחלה סמויה בחתולים. Presence of B. henselae) arrow) within naturally infected cat erythrocytes, as seen by confocal microscopy. V.

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גורם ל CSD בבני אדם. מחלה סמויה בחתולים. Presence of B. henselae) arrow) within naturally infected cat erythrocytes, as seen by confocal microscopy. V. Jacomo,1 P. J. Kelly,2 and D. Raoult1* Natural History of Bartonella Infections (an Exception to Koch’s Postulate) CVI, 2002* Cat Scratch Disease Bartonella henselae

תכונות : מתג, עדין, פלאומורפי, גרם שלילי. צמיחה איטית ( עד חודש ) על קרקע מזון מעושר ב 5% CO 2 Presence of B. henselae) arrow) within naturally infected cat erythrocytes, as seen by confocal microscopy. V. Jacomo,1 P. J. Kelly,2 and D. Raoult1* Natural History of Bartonella Infections (an Exception to Koch’s Postulate) CVI, 2002*

תכונות אלימות : פילי המשמשים להצמדות לתאי מטרה.

פתוגנזה : גורם לפרוליפרציה של תאי אנדותל בכלי דם קטנים. בבני אדם גדל בתוך תאים אפיתליאלים.  בחתול – גדל בתוך אריטרוציטים, מצב אשר מקנה עמידות בפני מע ' החיסון של המאכסן וכן יכולת העברה ע " י וקטור פרוק רגליים.

המחלה בחתולים בד " כ נשא בריא ואסימפטומטי. בד " כ נשא בריא ואסימפטומטי. בקטראמיה – מס ' חודשים – שנים ( מחזורית ) בקטראמיה – מס ' חודשים – שנים ( מחזורית ) שכיחות גבוהה יותר בגורים (< שנה ) שכיחות גבוהה יותר בגורים (< שנה ) הדבקה ניסויית של חתולי SPF fever,generalized lymphadenopathy, anorexia, reproductive disorders Pathological abnormalities: L.node and splenic hyperplasia, myocarditis, pyogranulomatus nephritis

המחלה בחתולים Sick seropositive cats are more likely to have stomatitis, kidneys and urinary tract diseases. (seroepidemiologic survey) Seroprevalance in cats מס ' ניכר של חתולים בעולם נחשף ל -B. henselae Hawaii- 47%, Japan-15%, S. Africa – 21% USA-15-55%, Israel – 40% [45/114]

Cat contact (scratch, bite, ? cat flea bite) weeks Resolution in weeks to months Dissemination in immuno- compromised hosts פתוגנזה

Cat scratch disease and other zoonotic Bartonella infections Bruno B. Chomel, DVM, PhD; Henri Jean Boulouis, DVM, MS; Edward B. Breitschwerdt, DVM, DACVIM JAVMA, Vol 224, No 8, April Cats—Because of the high prevalence of infection with B henselae in cats, it has been difficult to associate infection with specific clinical signs. However, cats that were experimentally infected with B henselae (mainly type-II feline isolates) developed various clinical signs. Fever was one of the most commonly observed clinical signs that usually developed within a few days of infection and persisted for 2 days to a few weeks. Local inflammation (erythema and swelling) at the site of inoculation and lymphadenopathy were also observed. Lethargy and anorexia have also been reported in experimentally infected cats. As reported for certain humans infected with B henselae, some cats also developed CNS disorders. Additionally, reproductive disorders (eg, inability to become pregnant, pregnancy achieved only after repeated breedings, and stillbirths) have been observed in experimentally infected queens.. Variations in the pathogenicity of different strains of B henselae have been suggested for differences in clinical signs observed in experimental conditions. On the basis of serologic findings, naturally infected cats were more likely to have lymphadenitis and gingivitis (especially those also infected with FIV) than were Bartonella seronegative cats. A similar association between the presence of antibodies against B henselae and stomatitis or urologic diseases in cats has also been demonstrated. Bartonella henselae has also been implicated as a potential cause of anterior uveitis in cats. Bartonella henselae-associated endocarditis was recently confirmed via PCR assay in a cat from California.

התבטות באדם ©2003, Neal R. Chamberlain, Ph.D., All rights reserved

ביטוי קליני בבני אדם : פפולה אדמדמה במקום החדרת החיידק ( שריטה, עקיצה של פרוש ?) פתוגנזה :

נפיחות של קשרי לימפה מקומיים (lymphoid hyperplasia, microabcesses, granuloma, suppuration ) עם רגישות יתרה.

בנוסף, טחול מוגדל, הרס עצם (lytic bone lesions ) דלקת ריאות ומעורבות מערכת העצבים המרכזית. די נפוץ גרנולומה של רירית העין.

כלבים תוארו מקרים בודדים בכלבים בעיקר עם מעורבות של הכבד. 6y spayed G.Retriever female no history of prior illness. weakness, abdominal distension. specimens from liver contained DNA from B. henselae 4y old spayed Basset Hound female cs: recurrent fever, anorexia, weight loss. histology: severe pyogranulomtous inflammation. PCR from liver :B. henselae תסמונות Granulomatous hepatitis Peliosis hepatis – vasculoproliferative disorder characterized by cystic blood filled in the liver.

Clinicopathologic findings in dogs seroreactive to Bartonella henselae antigens. Goodman RA, Breitschwerdt EB. Am J Vet Res Dec;66(12): Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA. OBJECTIVE: To assess the potential clinical relevance of seroreactivity to Bartonella henselae antigens in dogs. ANIMALS: 40 dogs seroreactive to B henselae and 45 dogs that did not seroreact to B henselae. PROCEDURE: A case-control study was conducted. Clinical and clinicopathologic findings were extracted from medical records of each dog. RESULTS: Statistical differences were not detected between dogs seroreactive or nonseroreactive to B henselae when analyzed on the basis of disease category or results of hematologic, biochemical, urine, or cytologic analysis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Significant associations were not detected between seroreactivity to B henselae and various diseases. Prospective epidemiologic studies investigating specific diseases, such as meningoencephalitis or polyarthritis, and specific hematologic abnormalities, such as immunemediated hemolytic anemia or thrombocytopenia, should be conducted to further define the potential clinical relevance of antibodies against B henselae in dogs.

איבחון : סרולוגיה (FA ) ( תגובות הצלבה ) – כנראה קשר סרולוגי ( הצלבה ) עם B. quintana הגורם ל bacilliary angiomatosis בבני אדם אימונוסופרסיביים תרבית דם תרבית דם IFAIFA ELISAELISA PCRPCR

טיפול או חיסון באנרופלוקססין או דוקסילין לתקופה של 28 יום העלים את החיידק ב 25%-70% מהמטופלים. באנרופלוקססין או דוקסילין לתקופה של 28 יום העלים את החיידק ב 25%-70% מהמטופלים. חיסון : אין היום חיסון : אין היום

גורמי סיכון : ילדים : 80%-90 % מהמקרים הם מתחת לגיל 21. ילדים : 80%-90 % מהמקרים הם מתחת לגיל 21. חתולים בקטראמיים חתולים בקטראמיים חתולים צעירים חתולים צעירים חתולים החיים גם בחוץ חתולים החיים גם בחוץ פרעושים פרעושים משחק עם חתולים המלווה בשריטות או נשיכות משחק עם חתולים המלווה בשריטות או נשיכות

מניעה : הדברת פרעושים הדברת פרעושים שטיפה יסודית וחיטוי של כל שריטה או נשיכה שטיפה יסודית וחיטוי של כל שריטה או נשיכה ניטור וטיפול בחתול בקטראמי ומעקב לתקופה ארוכה ניטור וטיפול בחתול בקטראמי ומעקב לתקופה ארוכה אנשים אימונוסופרסיביים : אנשים אימונוסופרסיביים : – אימוץ חתול סרולוגית שלילי בלבד ? – חתול סרולוגית חיובי מעל שנה ? - declawing עשוי להפחית את הסיכון, אך לא למנוע - declawing עשוי להפחית את הסיכון, אך לא למנוע