Phase IB trial of carboxyamidotriazole orotate (CTO) and radiotherapy with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide in newly diagnosed glioblastoma A. Thomas.

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Phase IB trial of carboxyamidotriazole orotate (CTO) and radiotherapy with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide in newly diagnosed glioblastoma A. Thomas 1, K. Beal 1, K. McNeill 2, T. Kaley 1, L. DeAngelis 1, I. Mellinghoff 1, E. Diamond 1, T. Chan 1, R. Young 1, J. Arevalo Perez 1, J. Yamada 1, B. Anderson 3, M. Lamson 4, B. Burch 4, R. Karmali 5 and A. Omuro 1 1 Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center ; 2 New York University Medical Center ; 3 Theradex; 4 Nuventra Pharma Science; 5 Tactical Therapeutics CTO is an oral inhibitor of non-voltage-dependent calcium signaling that simultaneously modulates several receptor-mediated calcium-dependent signaling pathways, including EGFR, MEK, RAS, HDAC, HSP90, WNT/B-catenin, Akt, ERK, VEGF and Bcr-Abl. (Kohn, 1997; Berlin, 1997; Corrado 2012; Karmali, 2013). A single-agent phase I trial determined the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) at 427 mg/m2, with a safe toxicity profile (ASCO 2013; Taylor, 2015). A phase IB dose escalation of CTO with temozolomide (TMZ) for recurrent malignant glioma (MG) found therapeutic brain tissue concentrations and early evidence of activity, with radiographic responses and median survival of 15 months (ASCO 2014), prompting this newly diagnosed disease study. The recommended Phase II dose of CTO is 370 mg/m 2 /day. Study Design: Following a 3+3 design, pts were enrolled to receive escalating doses of daily CTO ( mg/m2) added to standard GBM RT regimen (60 Gy concurrent with TMZ 75 mg/m 2 daily), followed by adjuvant TMZ ( mg/m 2 x 5/28 days). ChemoRT well tolerated at CTO doses of mg/m 2, with no dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) observed during the DLT period Late toxicities developed beyond the DLT observation period (final weeks of RT or 4-week recovery period: Gr 3 febrile neutropenia (N=2), gr 4 neutropenia (N=1), gr 4 platelets (N=1) and gr 3 ALT/AST (N=1). Halt in dose escalation at 481 mg/m 2 (declared the maximum administered dose, MAD) and expansion of a lower dose level (370 mg/m 2 ). PK data confirmed therapeutic levels starting at 219 mg/m 2 (Figure 1) Efficacy evaluation is ongoing, with one confirmed partial response and stable disease for 9+ cycles. (Figure 2) 10 of 15 patients had molecular profiling with next generation exon sequencing (Table 2) CTO in combination with RT and TMZ is safe and well tolerated. The MAD dose was 481 mg/m 2 /day and recommended phase II dose is 370 mg/m 2 /day, although further evaluation of this dose level and longer follow up may be warranted. Efficacy evaluation is ongoing, with one confirmed partial response and stable disease for 9+ cycles. Given encouraging signals of activity, a randomized study is warranted. Table 1: Summary of Cohorts Cohort 1 (219mg/m 2 /day), n= 3 Cohort 2 (285mg/m 2 /day), n= 3 Cohort 3 (370mg/m 2 /day), n= 6 Cohort 4 (481mg/m 2 /day), n= 3 Total Enrollment: 15 Patients References: Berlin, J., et al, J. Clin Oncol 1997, 15: Corrado, C., et al, PLos ONE 2012, 7: 1-13 Karmali, RA, et al, Mol Cancer Ther 12:11s,2013, Abs A233 Kohn E.C., et al, J. Clin Oncol 1997, 15: Taylor M.H. et al, J. Cancer Ther 2015, 6: Primary Objective: Determine safety and tolerability of CTO in combination with standard radiation (RT) and concomitant TMZ followed by CTO combined with adjuvant TMZ in newly diagnosed GBM and other MG Secondary/Exploratory Objectives: Tumor response according to Macdonald criteria Determine PKs of CTO and TMZ Investigate effect of CTO on tumor growth based on tumor genotype Key Inclusion Criteria GBM or MG ECOG 0-2 Age ≥ 18 Life expectancy ≥ 8 weeks Baseline MRI within 14 days Stable dose steroids; no CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers Table 2: Patient characteristicsN(%) Median Age (range)58 (24-78) Sex Male Female 7 (47%) 8 (53%) Histology (WHO Grade) GBM (IV) High Grade Astrocytoma (III/IV) 14 (93%) 1 (7%) MGMT Status Methylated Unmethylated 3 (33%) 6 (67%) IDH1 mutant (R132H, R132C)2 (20%) TERT promoter variant (n= C>T; n= C>T)6 (60%) EGFR amplification (22-36 fold)4 (40%) TP53 mutation (M237I/M246T, R175H/R342X, S127P)3 (30%) PTEN mutation (D326Y, Q261X, E43fs)3 (30%) ATRX mutation (R2407*, F888fx, R840fs, duplication)4 (40%) Correspondence: Alissa Thomas Antonio Omuro Figure 1: CTO pharmacokinetic profile. Dose Proportionality of AUC 0-8 (1A), AUC- 24 and Cmax following multiple-dose administration of CTO with quadratic nonlinear regression line 1A 1B 1C CTO: Starting dose: 219 mg/m 2 /day TMZ: Fixed dose: 75 mg/m 2 /day Radiotherapy 6 weeks CTO (assigned dose level, mg/m 2 /day) 4-week recovery period CTO (assigned dose level, mg/m 2 /day; every day of 28-day cycle) TMZ mg/m 2 /day 5 days of 28-day treatment cycle + + Table 3: Toxicity by Organ ClassGrade 1Grade 2Grade 3Grade 4Grade 5Grade ≥3Overall Fatigue5 ( 41.7%)3 ( 25.0%)00008 ( 66.7%) Mucositis1 ( 8.3%)00000 Pyrexia1 ( 8.3%)00000 Gastrointestinal disorders3 ( 25.0%)1 ( 8.3%) 00 5 ( 41.7%) Nausea2 ( 16.7%)01 ( 8.3%)00 3 ( 25.0%) Constipation1 ( 8.3%) ( 16.7%) Abdominal distension1 ( 8.3%)00000 Vomiting1 ( 8.3%)00000 Investigations02 ( 16.7%)1 ( 8.3%)2 ( 16.7%)03 ( 25.0%)5 ( 41.7%) ALT02 ( 16.7%)0000 Platelet decreased01 ( 8.3%)0 0 2 ( 16.7%) AST01 ( 8.3%)0000 Alkaline phosphatase1 ( 8.3%)00000 Bilirubin01 ( 8.3%)0000 Liver function tests, NOS001 ( 8.3%)00 Neutrophil decreased0001 ( 8.3%)0 Nervous system disorders5 ( 41.7%)00000 Headache2 ( 16.7%)00000 Dysgeusia1 ( 8.3%)00000 Peripheral sensory neuropathy1 ( 8.3%)00000 Tremor1 ( 8.3%)00000 Skin and subcutaneous tissue1 ( 8.3%)2 ( 16.7%)1 ( 8.3%)00 4 ( 33.3%) Rash NOS1 ( 8.3%) 00 3 ( 25.0%) Rash maculo-papular01 ( 8.3%)0000 Blood and lymphatic system002 ( 16.7%)00 Febrile neutropenia002 ( 16.7%)00 Anemia NOS001 ( 8.3%)00 Eye disorders1 ( 8.3%)00000 Vision blurred1 ( 8.3%)00000 Infections and infestations1 ( 8.3%)00000 Urinary tract infection1 ( 8.3%)00000 Injury, poisoning and procedural01 ( 8.3%)0000 Dermatitis radiation01 ( 8.3%)0000 Metabolism and nutrition disorders1 ( 8.3%)00000 Anorexia1 ( 8.3%)00000 Musculoskeletal and connective tissue1 ( 8.3%)00000 Peripheral swelling1 ( 8.3%)00000 Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal1 ( 8.3%)00000 Pharyngitis1 ( 8.3%)00000 Table 3: All Toxicities, Regardless of Attribution (patients who completed RT as of 1/15/2015, N=12).  There were no DLTs or SAEs reported for the period of 1/15/15-5/15/15. There have been no toxic deaths; at the time of this analysis, all patients remain alive. Background Methods Results Conclusions Figure 2: Radiographic partial response to CTO: Axial T1 post- contrast sequences at baseline and pre-cycle 7. Patient remains progression-free on stable dose of CTO 370 mg/m 2 /day for 9+ cycles.