CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 Data Dissemination Workshop On 18th November, 2014 Key Note Address by Smt. Seema Jain, IAS Joint Secretary to Govt. of India & Director Census, Punjab and Secretary, Welfare of SCs/BCs, Punjab

Data Dissemination Activity Census is the most comprehensive source of information. Use of technology in data processing has helped in placing the data in public domain on full count basis quite quickly. Tables on Houses, Household Amenities and Assets, female headed households, slum population, and Primary Census Abstract (PCA) giving final data for total population and SC/ST population up to village/ward level have since been released. Data available on printed as well as electronic format. Today’s workshop is part of the ‘Census Data Dissemination’ activity being carried out by the Directorate of Census Operations, Punjab in collaboration with Department of Centre for Census Studies and Research (CCSR),Punjabi University, Patiala.

What is Population Census? Population Census - Total process of collecting, compiling, evaluating, analysing and publishing or otherwise disseminating demographic, economic and social data pertaining, at a specified time, to all persons in a country or in a well-delimited part of a country.  

Plan for Census outputs and Data Dissemination Important to make available the information collected to potential users in a form suited to their needs. Used by: - Government departments - Educational institutions - Voluntary organizations, Corporate houses - Research scholars and individual data users (Both within and outside the country)

POPULATION CENSUS TAKING IN INDIA: In India, Population Census is mandated by the Census Act, 1948 (Act No. 37 of 1948). Population Census in India is a herculean task whose success depends enormously on the efficiency and effectiveness of the hierarchy in the field.  Necessary for the census officers to be in regular touch with their field hierarchy and to monitor their activities closely.   Great national task- Everybody is expected to display extraordinary zeal, interest and energy for its performance. People’s cooperation is vital in smooth conduct of the population census

Consultations with stakeholders Draft questionnaire is developed after consultations with representatives of various ministries of central and state governments, national and international voluntary organizations, population research centres, statistical institutions, universities, eminent demographers and social scientists. Draft questionnaire is placed before Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) constituted by Government of India for pretest. Pretest - is a full scale exercise conducted in selected rural and urban charges. Results and field experience questionnaire is finalized for consideration of the TAC and approval of the Central Government is obtained.

Administrative hierarchy of Census Census- a joint exercise of central and state governments Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India Directors of Census Operations, State District Magistrates/Collectors/ Commissioner Corporations Principal Census Officers Tehsildars/Mamlatdars Charge Officers Enumerators and Supervisors State Coordinator / nodal officer Census will co-ordinate between State & Central Government Offices

Capacity – building for fieldwork - Census staff from directorate to be assigned to Districts - tour for 2 months. - Facilitate all pre-census activities- administrative-frame, village/town register, housenumbering, carving of EBs on basis of estimated population, Appointment of staff Preparation of charge register Trainings to all levels Senior officers of DCO assigned Zones and districts.

Video conferencing Effective component of communication plan. Quick decisions and problem solving. Enables Direct instructions to be given to a large number of officials at remote locations, who generally are not called for state-level meetings. Ensures circulars issued by the DCOs are thoroughly understood and acted upon by all concerned-live discussions, sharing of best practices, standardization. Motivational- Junior officials get an opportunity to listen to/ interact with CS and other senior officers.

Enumeration of hon. chief minister punjab

CENSUS 2011 - SOCIAL MARKETING PLAN Outreach programme launched in collaboration with 2 major line Departments having village level presence.

Social Marketing of census Social Marketing is the Practice of Utilizing the Philosophy, Tools, and Practices of Commercial Marketing for Health and/or Social Programs. This technique was used in Punjab for marketing census to the local community. Social Marketing Sells a Behavior Change to a Targeted Group of Individuals to accept a New Behavior and Modify a Current Behavior. The main challenge of census is initially, low-visibility, inadequate ownership and general indifference of the local community . The census officials in many areas face the challenges of inadequate public participation, specially in areas of seasonal labour, migrants and rented/multiple-occupied dwellings etc. particularly known hard-to-count areas, remote villages and in border areas. The Social marketing plan seeks to achieve behavior change from one of indifference and non-concern about census to that of active involvement and participation

NEED FOR SOCIAL MARKETING OF CENSUS Methodology- Departments of Rural Development and Panchayats, Local Bodies and Women and Child (ICDS) Department were selected on account of their being direct users of census data and due to their advocacy role through field presence, well-defined departmental hierarchies and manpower at local level. District level data presented in informal meetings in villages by departmental staff. marketing plan worked as a ‘High-impact, low cost intervention’ focussed on bringing about local ownership of the census through the existing departmental networks Outcomes- Social marketing plan provided the following advantages- Inclusive participation at two levels- firstly, departmental staff and through them the local residents so that ownership of the entire programme is ensured. Building up a sustained Pre-enumeration publicity through outreach and mass contact.

House to house canvassing Census 2011 Process Use of technology in data processing has helped in placing the data in public domain on full count basis in record time Image based Recognition (ICR) House to house canvassing Scanning Data Dissemination Database/ Tabulation Manual completion of unrecognized characters Image validation

Census 2011 - Final Data Released 1. Primary Census Abstract Presents final population data of Census 2011 (Based on full count) Gives basic information on: (i) Total population, M/F and R/U (ii) SC/ST population (No ST notified in Punjab) (iii) Population in age group 0-6 years (iv) literates (v) Workers, Main workers and Marginal workers (vi) Cultivators, Agricultural Labourers, Workers in HHI and ‘Other Workers’. (Level of presentation of data up to village/ward )

Villages by Size Class of Population Out of 12,168 inhabited villages in Punjab: 2,862 (23.52%) are small sized with a population of less than 500 and account for 4.45% of Punjab’s rural population. 6,708 (55.13%) are of average size with a population of 500-1999 and 42.04% of state’s rural population. 2227 (18.30%) are medium sized with a population of 2000 – 4999 and accommodate 38.13% of rural population. 371 (3.05%) are large sized with a population of 5000 and more and 15.38% of rural population is dwelling in large size villages.

Big villages with population 10,000 and above Among 371 large size villages, 41 have a population of 10,000 and more. 30 of these villages are located in Malwa, 10 in Majha and one in Doaba. Malwa:Moga(6),Barnala(4), Firozpur, Muktsar, Bathinda, Mansa & Ludhiana (3 each), Faridkot & Sangrur (2 each) and Patiala (1). Majha: T. Taran (6), Amritsar (3) and Gurdaspur (1). Doaba: Jalandhar (1) Six districts do not have any village with population 10,000 and above - Kapurthala, Hoshiarpur, SBS Nagar , FG Sahib, SAS Nagar and Rupnagar.

Villages with population 10,000 and above

Uninhabited villages Mainly confined to the narrow belt along the Ravi, Beas and Satluj rivers. How far such an extensive land should have remained untapped for human settlement in a fast growing population scenario? Or How best such lands can be made use of in case they are otherwise unsuited for any human settlement?

Uninhabited villages (413) River Ravi River Beas River Satluj

Distribution of population: 2011 TOWNS BY SIZE CLASS OF POPULATION - 2011

Rural-Urban Population : 2011 India/Punjab Rural population Urban population % of urban population India 83,34,63,448 37,71,06,125 31.2% Punjab 1,73,44,192 1,03,99,146 37.5% Punjab is relatively more urbanized among States. Urban component - increased from 33.9% to 37.5% - an increase of 3.6 percentage points. All the districts in Punjab have recorded an increase in percentage of urban population. Increase - most significant in SAS Nagar, from 38.3% in 2001 to 54.8% in 2011.

Population by size class of towns Number and Population of UAs/Cities/towns by size class of population - 2011 Size class No. of Towns Population 2011 % in Urban pop. Class-I 16 5,945,282 57. 2 Class-II 24 1,775,510 17.1 Class-III 49 1,372,396 13.2 Class-IV 61 882,071 8.5 Class-V 348,406 3.3 Class-VI 18 75,481 0.7 Total (Urban) 217 10,399,146 100.0 Population by size class of towns Nearly three-fifths of the urban population in 16 cities (class I towns with population 100,000+ ). More than one-fourth of urban population (26.7%) is concentrated in two million + cities - Ludhiana and Amritsar.

SC PCA The total scheduled caste population returned in Census 2011 is 88.60 lac. Of this, 64.97 lac are in rural areas and 23.63 lac in urban areas. In terms of proportion, the scheduled caste population constitutes 31.9 per cent of the total population. The proportion during Census 2001 was 28.9%. There has thus been an increase of 3.0 percentage points during the last decade. The highest proportion has been recorded in SBS Nagar (42.5%) and the lowest in SAS Nagar (21.7%). The scheduled caste population in absolute numbers has increased by 18.31 lac. This constitutes a decadal growth rate of 26.06 per cent. In terms of gender composition, there are 46.64 lac male scheduled castes (Rural: 33.96 lac and Urban: 12.43 lac). Female scheduled castes numbered 42.20 lac (Rural 31.00 lac and Urban: 11.20 lac).   In Punjab, no caste/tribe has been notified as scheduled tribe.

Age data - need and UTILTY Age-sex structure represents one of the most fundamental characteristics of population.   Age statistics are important as most of the socio-demographic analysis is performed according to age and sex variables. Apart from purely demographic concerns, the data on age –sex structure are widely required for a variety of administrative, scientific, technical and commercial purposes. Many types of schemes, particularly, planning of community institutions and services for children, adolescents, youth, elderly require data on age composition. Age is important in measuring mean age at marriage, potential school population, potential voting population, potential manpower availability, etc.

Data on age is collected since the first Census in1872. AGE DATA - CENSUS OF INDIA Data on age is collected since the first Census in1872. Up to Census 2001, a direct question on age was recorded. In Census 1991, Tables on age were published based on a sample tabulation of 10% forms. In Census 2001, Tables on age were published on full count basis. In Census 2011, for the first time, data on both date of birth and age has been recorded. Results on age in Census 2011 have been compiled based on responses in these two questions on a full count basis. Digit preferences (number ending with 0 or 5) in age reporting reduced considerably in Census 2011. Inclusion of D.O.B. in Census 2011 has helped in minimizing error due to heaping of age ending at digits ‘0’ and ‘5’.

Slum - an urban phenomena In India, slums have been defined under Section 3 of the Slum Act (Improvement and Clearance) Act, 1956. The Census describes slums as “residential areas where dwellings are unfit for human habitation by reasons of dilapidation, overcrowding, faulty arrangements and design of such buildings, narrowness or faulty arrangement of streets, lack of ventilation, light, or sanitation facilities or any combination of these factors which are detrimental to the safety and health”. As per UN Habitat a slum is characterised by lack of durable housing, insufficient living area, lack of access to clean water, inadequate sanitation and insecure tenure.

Slum – Census of India Census 2001 For the first time in 2001 Census, slum areas were earmarked across the country in cities and towns having a population of 50,000 or above in 1991 Census. Subsequently, slum data was culled out for towns with population in range of 20,000 - 49,999 in 2001 and statutory towns having a population of less than 50,000 in 2001 but were not considered for carving slum EBs earlier. Census 2011 Slums have been earmarked in all statutory towns, irrespective of their population size, based on the same definition as in 2001. Three types of slums have been defined namely, ‘Notified’, ‘Recognized’ and ‘Identified’.

Definition and types of slums – Census 2011 (i) All areas in a town or city notified as ‘’ Slum’ by the State/ UT administration or Local Government under any Act including a ‘Slum Act’. May be considered as Notified slums. (ii) All areas recognized as ‘Slum’ by State/ UT administration or Local Government, Housing and Slum Boards, but may have not been formally notified as slum under any Act may be considered as Recognized Slums. (iii) A compact area of at least 300 population or about 60- 70 households of poorly built congested tenements in unhygienic environment usually with inadequate infrastructure and lacking in proper sanitary and drinking water facilities. Such areas should be identified personally by the Census Charge Officer and also inspected by an officer nominated by Census directorate. This fact must be duly recorded in the Charge register. Such areas may be considered as Identified Slums .

States/UTs not reported Slums - India Census 2001 Census 2011 Himachal Pradesh Manipur 2. Sikkim 2. Daman& Diu 3. Arunachal Pradesh 3. Dadra & Nagar Haveli 4. Nagaland 4. Lakshadweep 5. Mizoram 6. Manipur 7. Daman & Diu 8. Dadra & Nagar Haveli 9. Lakshadweep

Number of towns having slums - India & Punjab Census 2001 Total number of towns reported slums - 1743 Total number of towns reported slums - 54 1st Phase – 640 1st Phase – 27 2nd Phase - 1103 2nd Phase - 27 Census 2011 Total number of towns reported slums - 2613 Total number of towns reported slums - 73

Data on Disability Census 2011 data on disability released is based on the processing and tabulation of actual data captured from household schedules and the generation of basic data from household schedules is a fully computerized exercise. The data gives absolute number of disabled cross-classified by sex, age, place of residence, type of disability, for total population, scheduled caste population and scheduled tribe population at state/district level. Data released is more elaborate as within the conceptual frame adopted in 2001Census, some changes/modifications have been introduced in Census 2011. For example, as against five types in 2001, there are eight types of disability in Census 2011 which also includes ‘multiple’ disability. ‘Any other’ type has been specifically included to ensure complete coverage and enable the respondents to report those disabilities which are not listed in the question. Query to this question was designed to cover most of the disabilities listed in the “Persons with Disabilities Act, 1995” and “The National Trust Act, 1999”.

Houses, Household Amenities and Assets

Houselisting and Housing Census Provides comprehensive data on human settlements, housing deficit and consequently the housing requirement to be taken care of in the formation of housing policies. Census 2011 is the most comprehensive data set on the living conditions of the households in terms of their housing conditions, amenities available to them, and the specified assets they own.

Administrative Atlas Portrays administrative boundaries as they existed at the time of censuses spreading over 1951 - 2011. The outer boundary on the state maps is as per the jurisdiction in 2011. Includes thematic state maps, district maps and tehsil maps. Gives basic demographic data and the list of villages for each tehsil is given at the end of each district map.

Sample Registration System Recognised as the main source of information for reliable estimates of birth and death rates at the State and national levels. ORGI initiated the scheme of births and deaths to generate reliable and continuous data on these indicators : i) On pilot basis in 1964-65, and ii) On full scale from 1969-70. SRS is based on a dual record system : Continuous enumeration of births and deaths in sample units by a resident part time enumerator; and An independent six monthly retrospective survey by a full time supervisor.

Sample Registration System Number of sample units increased from 3,722 (R - 2,432 & U - 1,290) in 1969-70 to 7,597 (R - 4,433 & U - 3,164) in 2004. For 2014 (India) - 8861 (Rural – 5007 and Urban – 3854) For 2014 (Punjab) - 250 (Rural – 130 and Urban – 120) Also provides data on: Population composition – Age, Sex, Marital status, Age at marriage. Fertility indicators - - CBR, GFR, ASFR, TFR,GRR, GMFR, TMFR, Mean age at marriage for females, Birth order, Birth interval, Sex ratio at birth, Medical attention at birth. Mortality indicators - CDR, Infant and child mortality rate, Still births, Maternal mortality rate, medical attention before death.

The meritorious work done by the field functionaries during Census is rewarded Recognition of meritorious work done by the field functionaries during Census 2011

CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 President Of India Census Medals & Certificates of Honour Award Distribution Ceremony 24th of September, 2014 at Law Auditorium, Panjab University, Chandigarh

JS and Director Census, Punjab receiving Census Medal and Certificate of merit from the Hon’ble President of India, Sh. Pranab Mukherji at a ceremony at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi by Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India.

CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 President Of India Census Medals & Certificates of Honour Award Distribution Ceremony 24th of September, 2014 at Law Auditorium, Panjab University, Chandigarh

CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 President Of India Census Medals & Certificates of Honour Award Distribution Ceremony 24th of September, 2014 at Law Auditorium, Panjab University, Chandigarh

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