A French Government Part III Features: 1) More Conservative 2) Placed power in upper middle class 3) Created an strong executive: the Directory 4) Stability 5) New General…Napoleon 3

The Rise of Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon. The 411: Fought against royalty early in Revolution Successful military campaigns against Austria and through Italy Was trusted by French people vNQBz_bjI&feature=related (Napoleon Part 1 8:10min) vNQBz_bjI&feature=related

Napoleon’s Background From Corsica Sent to school in France at age 9 Became a General in the French military under Robespierre When the country was in grave danger they made him consulate. As he succeeded he was given more and more power until he had ABSOLUTE control as Emperor

Napoleon’s Coup D’Etat With the Directory losing the French people’s confidence, Napoleon was urged to seize power upon his return from Egypt. He did. Step 1: Napoleon is put in charge of military Step 2: Napoleon’s troops drive out some National Assembly members Step 3: Legislature votes to dissolve the Directory Step 4: Napoleon assumes dictatorial powers relatedhttp:// related (Napoleon Part 2 7:05min)

Emperor In 1804, Napoleon crowns himself emperor and is received by the Pope

From General… …to Emperor NAPOLEON

Napoleon crowned Emperor

Napoleon: Hero or a Villain?

The General Runs the Country and Brings Order In 1800: people vote to approve Napoleon’s power What did he do once in power? Set up a fair tax collection system Established national bank Fired corrupt officials Set up public schools Forged agreement with Catholic Church – but did not give it much power

Hero? Ended Revolution Provided stability to restore nation Expanded France through military takeovers Personally led army Got Britain & Austria to sign treaty-> Peace in Europe Built parks, bridges, canals, roads Made Paris beautiful & France great Created banks & revived economy Revitalized schools Equality for men Created legion of honor medal for successful men

Villain? Forces everyone to say oath to new government Military coup to overthrow government Made himself first consul or emperor for life- dictatorial powers Rewrote constitution taking away rights Strong central government Did not like liberty/rights for all No free elections Police state Spies everywhere No free press/eliminated newspapers to sell propertyWomen had no right Slavery returns to the Caribbean nations controlled by France (Haiti)

Napoleon’s Downfall…strike 1 Continental System – blockade trade going to Great Britain (he really hates them) but this backfires and puts financial strain on France…people are not happy

More Downfall…strike 2 What is guerilla warfare? You decide… watch?v=5xa0Ajlu0O4&f eature=related (start at 6:15 and watch until 7:45) watch?v=5xa0Ajlu0O4&f eature=related Napoleon wanted control of the Iberian Peninsula (mainly Portugal and Spain) He wanted to limit the power of the Catholic Church in Spain too Spain said NO! Napoleon attacks and the Spanish fight back using guerrilla warfare (hit and run raids on trains, troops, and country) Now Austria attacks France too – Napoleon wins though

Final Downfall…you’re out! Napoleon turns to Russia for help but Russian leader doesn’t support him Napoleon gets angry and invades Russia Russia used scorched earth (burn everything so France has nothing) leaving French cold and hungry Lots of French die and they have to retreat…Napoleon is an idiot and has angered his own people ?v=RqKRUSOJwbk&feature=re lated (Napoleon Part 3 8:40min) ?v=RqKRUSOJwbk&feature=re lated v=458Gw- Xw0u0&feature=related v=458Gw- Xw0u0&feature=related (Napoleon and Russia 6min) v=SyWT2SCAUeEhttp:// v=SyWT2SCAUeE (1:48 Spoof)

Bye-Bye Napoleon Napoleon steps down from power Exiled to Elba island New leader Louis XVIII – not too great Loyal people to Napoleon rise to power Napoleon escapes island and returns to Paris with cheers of support – Louis leaves 100days in power and others attack in Belgium (Waterloo) and Napoleon crushed He goes back into hiding to St. Helena and never returns h?v=5Go5nlOCqi4&feature=r elatedhttp:// h?v=5Go5nlOCqi4&feature=r elated (Waterloo and end 5min)

What do you think? Activity: Pick a side…was Napoleon a hero or villain? –Create a political cartoon to support your side –On the back of the cartoon, write a paragraph explaining your position This must include: an opening sentence, 3 reasons of support fully explained, and a closing sentence

So, what do you think… Was Napoleon a hero or a villain? Pick a side, ONE SIDE, and prove your point in a 4-paragraph essay. You need: An opening paragraph– state your claim and introduce your supports 2 paragraphs – one for each reason of support fully explained A closing paragraph – restate your side and hammer it home! Don’t forget to recap each support.