The New AP Bio Test Format

80 minutes + 10-minute reading period AP Exam Format Section I Question Type Number of Questions Timing Part A: Multiple Choice 63 90 minutes Part B: Grid-In 6 Section II Long Free Response 2 80 minutes + 10-minute reading period Short Free Response

The 4 Big Ideas! 1) The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life 2) Biological systems utilize free energy and molecular building blocks to grow, to reproduce, and to maintain dynamic homeostasis 3) Living systems store, retrieve, transmit, and respond to information essential to life processes 4) Biological systems interact, and these systems and their interactions possess complex properties

Big Idea 1:Evolution drives Diversity Use data and Hardy-Weinberg equations to explain changes to a population over time Use data to explain natural selection Use data and Hardy-Weinberg equations to predict changes in a population Connect evolutionary changes to changes in an environment Use data and Hardy-Weinberg equations to analyze genetic drift Predict effects of genetic drift, migration, and artificial selection on a population Use multiple sources to support theory of evolution Design experiments to test/observe evolution

Big Idea 1:Evolution drives Diversity Design simulations that will show evolution Identify core processes for the history of life Explain specific examples of features shared within each domain of life Explain if a proposed connection between two species is correct Understand and use phylogenetic trees and cladograms to show connections between species and their evolutionary history Create cladogram or tree showing connections Design experiments to test speciation and extinction Explain speciation through isolation methods, gene frequency, environment, genetic drift, and Natural Selection

Big Idea 1:Evolution drives Diversity Describe hypothesis on origin of life Explain reasons to revise an hypothesis on the origin of life Use geological, physical, and chemical data to explain conditions of early Earth

Big Idea 2:Growth and Homeostasis Explain how living things use free energy to grow and reproduce Explain how sources of energy affect population and ecosystems Explain mechanisms used by organisms to capture, store, and use free energy Use surface area-to-volume ratios to predict stability of a cell Explain why organisms use certain molecules to build while others are waste products Able to explain data through a graph of the interaction between organism and the resources taken in to maintain homeostasis and grow Explain properties of cell membranes and their function

Big Idea 2:Growth and Homeostasis Explain how active transport is necessary for homeostasis Explain organelle structure and function Explain differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes Explain negative feedback regulation and how changes to it affect a cell and system Explain how a cell uses negative feedback to regulate an activity Explain positive feedback regulation and its affects Use data to explain how a cell/organisms is changing to its external environment Explain how biotic/abiotic factors will effect a cell/system/population/community/ecosystem

Big Idea 2:Growth and Homeostasis Design an experiment for collecting data on how biotic/abiotic factors effect life at different levels Explain how homeostasis is connected to evolution and homeostatic mechanisms can show common ancestry Explain affects of disrupting homeostasis Explain the human immune system Explain the nonspecific immune system in plants and animals (Not covered in class, you can read on your own; 35.1, 35. 2, 43.5) Explain how timing and regulation of important events in development lead to a stable complex organism Explain how apoptosis, differentiation, reuse of molecules, and homeostasis all play roles in early development

Big Idea 2:Growth and Homeostasis Explain connections between environments and physiological cycles in living things Explain connections between environments and behavior of living things

Big Idea 3:Storing and Responding to Information Explain structure of DNA and RNA Explain why we know DNA is hereditary molecule Explain DNA replication, Mitosis and Meiosis, Cell cycle Explain Protein synthesis: Transcription and Translation Explain genetic engineering methods Explain mutations and how changes in DNA/RNA effect protein structure Explain sources of genetic variation in inheritance Explain common inheritance patterns and Mendelian genetics with both vocabulary and mathematics Explain ethical and social issues around genetic diseases Explain non-Mendelian genetic patterns

Big Idea 3:Storing and Responding to Information Explain connection between gene expression and phenotype Explain connection between gene expression and homoeostasis, cell products, and functions Explain how a single mediate gene expression pathway can affect protein production Explain mechanisms of gene expression Explain connections between genotype, phenotype, and natural selection Explain viral cycles and how viral genetic variation occurs Explain basic cellular communication and cell signaling pathways Explain cell-to-cell direct communication and chemical signals

Big Idea 3:Storing and Responding to Information Explain key parts of signal transduction pathways and cellular response Explain how drugs can affect signal reception and therefore signal transduction pathways Explain how organisms change behavior in response to external cues Types of nervous systems, development of human nervous system, details on parts of the brain and neurologic processes Explain, the words and pictures, how nervous systems detect external and internal signals, transmit, integrate, and send responses

Big Idea 4: Biological Systems Interact Explain biological molecules, their properties, and their monomer units Explain how monomer sequence determines a polymers properties Explain interactions between cell organelles and explain how these do essential functions Explain how gene expression and stimuli result in specialized cells, tissue, and organs Explain information required to study community interactions Explain how changes in a population can affect a community Explain community interactions and movement of energy/matter

Big Idea 4: Biological Systems Interact Predict the movement of energy/matter through a community Explain how molecular interactions affect structure and function Explain how cooperative interactions inside an organism promotes efficient use of energy/matter Explain how population interactions affect species distribution and abundance Explain how ecosystems can change over time due to large-scale events Explain consequences of human actions on both local and global scales Explain how changing molecular units give cells more variation in functions

Big Idea 4: Biological Systems Interact Explain connection between environmental factors and phenotype and genotype Explain how various phenotypic responses to an environmental factors lead to genotypes variation in a population Predict survivorship/fitness of a population based on environmental factors Explain connections between species diversity and ecosystem stability

Things you Don’t Need for the AP Test Details of radiometric dating (ex. C-14) Names/dates of mass extinctions on Earth Specific steps, names of enzymes and intermediates of the pathways of burning sugars, fats, and proteins The specific steps of the Calvin cycle, structure of the molecules, and the names of enzymes (except ATP synthase) The steps of glycolysis or the Krebs cycle, or the structures of molecules and enzyme names involved Names of Electron Carriers in the ETC Structures of specific antibodies Names of specific stages of embryotic development Names and specific effects of all plant hormones

Things you Don’t Need for the AP Test Names and specific effects of hormones responsible for daily body cycles Details on any Cyclin-Cdk complex or growth factor Memorizing the names of mitosis The molecular structures of nucleotides, amino acids, lipids, and carbohydrates Functions of smooth ER in specialized cells Phospholipid synthesis or enzymes inside lysosomes, peroxisomes, and secretory vesicles Specific examples of how lysosomes digest material The molecular structure of chlorophyll No specific cofactors or coenzymes Names of enzymes in Dogma beyond DNA Poly, Ligase, RNA Poly, Helicase, Topoisomerase Names of enzymes in prokaryotic protein expression

Things you Don’t Need for the AP Test Epitasis and pleiotropy inheritance Specific details on how horizontal gene transfer occurs Details on the sexual reproduction cycles of plants and animals (but DO NEED TO KNOW where genetic variation occurs in these processes) Specific mechanics of any specific drug Details of how communities communicate with each other Any one specific symbiotic interaction

Sample AP Exam Questions

Sample AP Exam Questions

Sample AP Exam Questions

Sample AP Exam Questions

Sample AP Exam Questions

Sample AP Exam Questions

Sample AP Exam Questions

Sample AP Exam Questions

Sample AP Exam Questions

Sample AP Exam Questions

Sample AP Exam Questions

Sample AP Exam Questions

Sample AP Exam Questions

Sample AP Exam Questions

Sample AP Exam Questions

Sample AP Exam Questions

Sample AP Exam Questions (900-200)/(5-3) = 700/2 = 350 340-360 individuals/day

Sample AP Exam Questions Null= Pp x pp  0.5 Pp and 0.5 pp 146/2= 73 purple and 73 white X2 = ((87-73)2/73) +((59-73)2/73) 2.68 + 2.68 = 5.36 5.3-5.4

Sample AP Exam Questions

Sample AP Exam Questions- Answer