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Horticulture & the Environment Horticulture Careers & Landscaping Essential Plant Processes Plant Anatomy

Row 1, Col 1 Horticulture; Botany Fill in the following blanks: _________________ is the culture of plants for food, comfort, and beauty and ________________ is the study of plants.

1,2 Two part question: What are the three main areas of a residential landscape? What are examples of each? public area (front lawn), private area (backyard), and service area (trash and storage)

1,3 Annual, Perennial, Biennial; Perennials have one or more flowering cycles and go dormant instead of dying at the end of their cycle. Two part question: Plants can be classified by their life cycle. What are the three types of plant life cycles? Of these three, which one results in flowers blooming year after year?

1,4 A: Blade, B: Midrib vein, C: Petiole Leaf Structure: Identify the following parts of the leaf A C B

2,1 A: Olericulture, B: Pomology, C: Ornamental Horticulture Horticulture is divided into three important areas. They are: Ornamental Horticulture Olericulture & Pomology. Match the term with the appropriate definition. A.The growing, harvesting, storing, processing, and marketing of vegetables. B.The growing, harvesting, storing, processing, and marketing of fruits and nuts. C.Growing and using plants for their beauty.

2,2 A: Sitescaping - landscaping a small part of a larger area B: Xeriscaping - landscaping that uses plants which require small amounts of water There are several different forms of landscaping. Below are two examples. Match the term with the following definition: A: landscaping a small part of a larger area B: landscaping that uses plants which require small amounts of water Sitescaping or Xeriscaping

2,3 A: Photosynthesis, B: carbon dioxide; oxygen, C: Chloroplasts Three part question: A: What is the essential plant process that plants use to make their own food? B: Plants use energy from the sun and to change water and _________ into food (glucose) and _________. C: Where in the plant cell does this process occur?

2,4 A: Compound Leaf - made of a petiole and two or more leaf blades called leaflets. B: Simple Leaf - consists of a single leaf blade and a petiole. Leaf complexity describes the form of a leaf. Which of the samples shown is a simple leaf and which is a compound leaf? B. A.

3,1 The Hydrologic Cycle Precipitation goes into the soil. Plants hold the water from runoff. Soil helps remove impurities from the water to restore groundwater. Infiltration is the movement of water into the soil. Horticulture practices influence infiltration. The quantity and quality of water that becomes ground water depends on how the land is managed. These are all aspects of which cycle?

3,2 Landscape designers; Landcape architects Fill in the blanks. Landscape ___________________ are trained in the art of design and the science of growing horticultural plants. Landscape ____________________ are trained in engineering, graphic arts, and architectural technology.

3,3 A: chlorophyll, carotenoids, anthocyanin B: chlorophyll C: anthocyanin Three part question: There are three pigments that are found in leaves. A: What are they? B: Which pigment is involved in photosynthesis and gives leaves their green color? C: Which of the pigments makes a leaf red?

3,4 A: Monocots & Dicots, B: Monocots - parallel veins, Dicots - net-like veins A.B. There are two types of flowering plants. Identify the two types using the internal stem structure images below. A: What are they? B: Which of these types has parallel veins and which has net-like veins?

4,1 A: nonpoint source pollution; B: point source pollution Pollution occurs when harmful or degrading materials get into the environment. Pollution comes from two sources: point source pollution and nonpoint source pollution. From the following examples, identify which are point source pollution and which are nonpoint source pollution. A: soil erosion and runoff containing nutrients and pesticides may damage the water supply B: waste water from a steel mill is contaminating the soil of the surrounding fields

4,2 Greater than 7 is alkaline (or basic). Less than 7 is acidic. Fill in the blanks: Testing the pH of soil is an important part of preparing a garden for planting. If the soil’s pH is greater than 7, the soil is ________________. If the soil’s pH is less than 7, the soil is ________________.

4,3 A: cellular respiration, B: energy, C: oxygen; carbon dioxide Three part question: This essential plant process is the reverse of photosynthesis. Both plant and animal cells undergo this process. A: What is this process called? B: During this process, sugars are broken down and ___________ is released. C: Sugar (glucose), water, and ___________ are broken down to produce water, ___________ and energy that the plant uses for growth and development.

4,4 1)A: terminal bud, B: leaf scar, C: internode, D: lenticels 2) Phloem 3) Xylem Three part question 1) Stem Structure: Identify the parts of the stem using the diagram 2) What tissue in the stem transports food that is made in the leaves to the rest of the plant? 3) What tissue in the stem transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves? A B C D

5,1 Pesticides and fertilizers are both potentially harmful to the environment. Describe how each of these things are used (how are they different) and how they can be damaging to the environment. Pesticides are chemicals that are used to control pests (like insects). Excess pesticides can contaminate water and soil, kill bird and fish populations, and may harm nontarget organisms (like other animals and humans). Fertilizers are any materials that are used to provide plants the nutrients they need. Excess fertilizer goes unused by plants and can enter water supplies which can change the natural ecology of streams and lakes and damage the water source. This is called eutrophication.

5,2 1.Staking the tree to provide additional support. 2.Spraying the three with anti-transpirant to prevent leaf scorch or leaf burn. (Prevents water from escaping through the stomata.) 3.Wrapping the trunks with paper to reduce sunscald or winter burn (the condition that causes bark to blister from intense winter sunlight). Planting a new tree requires that you do several things to protect it and ensure its survival. Describe at least two practices.

5,3 A: Transpiration, B: Stomata A: What is the name of the plant process depicted in this cartoon? B: Where in the plant does this process occur?

5,4 1)A: Anther, B: Stigma, C: Ovary, D: Sepal 2) Pistil (or Carpel) 3) Stamen 1) Flower structure: Identify the parts of the flower using the diagram 2) What is the female part of the flower called? 3) What is the male part of the flower called? A B D C