The New Deal FDR offers relief and recovery

Hoover vs. Roosevelt  Hoover –Believed that depression relief should come from state and local governments and private agencies.  Roosevelt –Believed that the depression required strong action and leadership by the federal government. This campaign is more than a contest between two men…It’s a contest between two philosophies of government.

Franklin Delano Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) won the 1932 Presidential election.

In his inauguration speech, FDR stated that, “the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”inauguration“the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” Inauguration of FDR, March 4, 1933

FDR gathered information from many economic experts, known as the Brain Trust, on how to fight the depression.

Bank run, New York City, 1931 Saving the Banks

Roosevelt declared a “bank holiday”, closing every bank in the nation for eight days.bank holiday

Congress then passed the Emergency Banking Relief Act, which only allowed banks to open if they had enough funds to pay their depositors. Emergency Banking Relief Act FDR signing the Emergency Banking Relief Act into law.

Fireside Chats FDR gave 30 radio speeches to the nation, which became known as fireside chats.fireside chats FDR’s first fireside chat on the bank crisis. (March 12, 1933)

FDR’s first fireside chat reassured people that banks were safe to use again. first fireside chat

Fireside chat #15 On National Defense, May 26, 1940

The New Deal FDR developed many new bills that created programs to help end the Great Depression. These programs were known as the New Deal.

The New Deal had three major goals: I. R elief for the unemployed II. plans for economic R ecovery III. R eforms to prevent another depression Concluding Videos: 1) FDR (3:26) 2) First New Deal: First Hundred Days (5:26)FDRFirst New Deal: First Hundred Days

The First 100 days  During his first 100 days if office Roosevelt proposed and Congress passed 15 bills.  100-day standard for gauging presidential effectiveness. The underlying truth is that presidents tend to be most effective when they first take office, when their leadership style seems fresh and new, when the aura of victory is still powerful, and when their impact on Congress is usually at its height.

1 st New Deal Government work projects  Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC)= “environmental” jobs for 2 million young, unmarried men  Public Works Administration (PWA)=building bridges, dams, power plants, and governmental buildings, etc.

Building Big Ridge Dam (TN) New Deal program #1 Lights for the Barnyard (TN) Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

Edward Laning and assistants at work on his mural “The Role of the Immigrant in the Industrial Development of America” – New York, NY New Deal program #2 Workers covering the stream in Cain Park, Cleveland Park, OH Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Linemen on utility poles. New Deal program #3 Rural Electrification Administration (REA)

New Deal program #4 Hollywood High School, Los Angeles, CA Public Works Administration (PWA) New York City’s Tri-Borough Bridge

New Deal program #5 Worker During Bridge Construction Staatsburg, NY Elm Tree Camp Euclid, OH September, 1936 Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

New Deal program #6 Children Cared for by Visiting Housekeeper in Oklahoma (1935) View From Summer Camp for Underprivileged Children, Washington (1935) Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)

New Deal program #7 Poster from Georgia Social Security Administration (SSA)

National Industrial Recovery Act  Roosevelt called it the most important legislation ever enacted.  Created the National Recovery Administration  Established governmental rules or codes for entire industries to be governed by; including minimum wage, minimum prices for goods. Goal: raise wages and raise profits

New Deal program #8 National Recovery Administration (NRA)

Help for farmers and bank depositors  Agricultural Adjustment Act= payments to farmers to stop producing; created a new tax to pay for these payments  Federal Deposit Insurance Corporations= government insurance guaranteeing bank deposits are safe.

New Deal program #9 Farmers receiving checks St. Augstine, Texas (1939) Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)

New Deal program #10 Ms. Lydia Lobsiger, the first person to be paid for deposits in an insured closed bank. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)