Chapter 10 The Federal Bureaucracy

Bureaucratic Organization Departments of the Cabinet – 15 Departments – Headed by a secretary  deputy or under secretary  assistant secretaries  directors of major units  assistants All appointed by the president Salary  $199,700/year Departments of the Cabinet – 15 Departments – Headed by a secretary  deputy or under secretary  assistant secretaries  directors of major units  assistants All appointed by the president Salary  $199,700/year

Departments of the Cabinet Department of State Responsible for foreign policy Protects U.S. citizens in other countries Staffs embassies Analyzes data about American interests in other countries Represents U.S. in the United Nations Secretary – John Kerry Responsible for foreign policy Protects U.S. citizens in other countries Staffs embassies Analyzes data about American interests in other countries Represents U.S. in the United Nations Secretary – John Kerry Treasury Manages monetary resources Manufactures money Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Borrows money Secretary – Jack Lew Manages monetary resources Manufactures money Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Borrows money Secretary – Jack Lew

Departments of the Cabinet Interior Protects public lands and natural resources Oversees mining National Parks Service Secretary- Sally Jewell Protects public lands and natural resources Oversees mining National Parks Service Secretary- Sally Jewell Agriculture Helps farmers improve income and expand markets Conservation Financing for farmers Safety of food Secretary- Thomas Vilsack Helps farmers improve income and expand markets Conservation Financing for farmers Safety of food Secretary- Thomas Vilsack

Departments of the Cabinet Justice FBI DEA U.S. Marshalls Enforce antitrust laws Civil rights legislation Attorney General- nominee Loretta Lynch FBI DEA U.S. Marshalls Enforce antitrust laws Civil rights legislation Attorney General- nominee Loretta Lynch Commerce Promotes and protects industry and commerce Census Patents and trademarks Weights and measures Secretary Penny Pritzker Promotes and protects industry and commerce Census Patents and trademarks Weights and measures Secretary Penny Pritzker

Departments of the Cabinet Labor Safe working conditions Minimum wage Protects pensions Research unemployment, wages Compensation Secretary Thomas E. Perez Safe working conditions Minimum wage Protects pensions Research unemployment, wages Compensation Secretary Thomas E. Perez Defense Oversees armed forces – Navy – Army – Marines – Air Force Secretary- nominee Ashton Carter bert Oversees armed forces – Navy – Army – Marines – Air Force Secretary- nominee Ashton Carter bert

Departments of the Cabinet Health and Human Services Medicare and Medicaid Social Security Public Health Services Food and Drug Administration Secretary- Sylvia Burwell Medicare and Medicaid Social Security Public Health Services Food and Drug Administration Secretary- Sylvia Burwell Housing and Urban Development Preserve communities Equal housing opportunities Helps make mortgage money available Secretary- Julian Castro Preserve communities Equal housing opportunities Helps make mortgage money available Secretary- Julian Castro

Departments of the Cabinet Transportation All aspects of transportation Federal Aviation Administration Federal Railway Administration Federal Highway Administration Secretary- Anthony Foxx All aspects of transportation Federal Aviation Administration Federal Railway Administration Federal Highway Administration Secretary- Anthony Foxx Energy Researches and plans energy policy and new energy technology Secretary- Ernest Moniz Researches and plans energy policy and new energy technology Secretary- Ernest Moniz Education Federal assistance programs for schools Limited English Special needs Secretary- Arne Duncan Federal assistance programs for schools Limited English Special needs Secretary- Arne Duncan

Departments of the Cabinet Veteran Affairs Benefits for veterans Secretary- Robert McDonald Benefits for veterans Secretary- Robert McDonald Homeland Security Controls Coast Guard Border Patrol Immigration and Naturalization Customs FEMA Analyzes info from FBI and CIA Secretary- Jeh Johnson Controls Coast Guard Border Patrol Immigration and Naturalization Customs FEMA Analyzes info from FBI and CIA Secretary- Jeh Johnson Homeland Security

Bureaucracy at Work Shapes policy by making rules- Congress can’t delineate everything Paperwork- since 1995 OMB must reduce amount of federal paperwork ( ) Involved in lawmaking- help draft bills, provide technical information Settle disputes- power to hear and resolve disputes under regulatory commissions, effect of making policy Providing advice- shape public policy by giving political figures advice and info; can use influence to support or oppose a particular public policy Shapes policy by making rules- Congress can’t delineate everything Paperwork- since 1995 OMB must reduce amount of federal paperwork ( ) Involved in lawmaking- help draft bills, provide technical information Settle disputes- power to hear and resolve disputes under regulatory commissions, effect of making policy Providing advice- shape public policy by giving political figures advice and info; can use influence to support or oppose a particular public policy

Why Bureaucracy makes policy 1.Growth of nation 2.international crises 3.Economic problems at home 4.Citizens’ demands 5.Nature of bureaucracy itself 1.Growth of nation 2.international crises 3.Economic problems at home 4.Citizens’ demands 5.Nature of bureaucracy itself

Influences on Bureaucracy Congress- legislation, budget, appropriations; liaison officers: each Cabinet  relations w/Congress Courts- decisions rendered; injunctions- order that stops a particular action or enforce rule/regulation Congress- legislation, budget, appropriations; liaison officers: each Cabinet  relations w/Congress Courts- decisions rendered; injunctions- order that stops a particular action or enforce rule/regulation