©2008 Tata Communications, Ltd. All Rights Reserved Connecting emergent R& E networks and applications at lambda speeds Terena Conference Malaga, June 11th 2009 Yves Poppe

Member of the Tata Group 125-year old largest private sector group $62.5 billion in revenues Acquired VSNL in February 2002  VSNL acquired Tyco in Nov 2004  VSNL acquired Teleglobe in Feb 2006 Teleglobe, Tyco, VSNL and VSNL International become Tata Communications on February 13 th 2008 Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) Cofounder and major shareholder in Neotel South Africa

Annual Spend ~ USD 85 Mn: Social Welfare Expenditure budgeted before preparation of P&L account Commitment to adjacent communities incorporated in company Articles of Association Active volunteering programme: over 10,000 volunteers Company Examples: Tata Steel: HIV / AIDS Programme - Global Business Council winner Tata Consultancy: Adult Literacy Programme 66% Equity of Tata Sons in Public Trusts Sir Dorabji Tata TrustSir Ratan Tata Trust ACTIVITIES Endowments for Creation of National Institutions: (1911) Indian Institute of Science (1936) Tata Institute of Social Sciences (1941) Tata Memorial Hospital (1945) Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (1966) National Centre for the Performing Arts Development assistance in water harvesting, medical research, microfinance, bio-diversity Foreign scholarships - science & engineering COMPANIES Tata Council for Community Initiatives Facilitating Role for companies’ CSR activities Triple Bottom-line Global Reporting Initiative UN Global Compact Tata Index for Sustainable Development GROUP Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai National Center for the Performing Arts, Mumbai

 Founded in 1945 located in Mumbai  Developed TIFRAC, the first Indian computer in 1956  Obtained full university status in 2003  Focus on mathematics and natural sciences  very active in High Energy Physics and astronomy  Connectivity with CERN  e-VLBI connectivity for NCRA in Pune TIFRAC-2

India Knowledge Grid  ERNET, India’s R&E network connects around 1500 institutions  GARUDA project connects 45 institutions at 100mbps R&D Institutions UNIVERSITY COLLEGES IISC/ IIT’s/ NIT MHRD STATE EDUCATION Depts. NCERT UGC AICTE KNOWLEDGEGRID

India and radio astronomy The NCRA (National Centre for Radio Astronomy is part of TIFR and operates the GMRT (Giant Meter Wave Radio Telescope) located 80 km from Pune. Intercontinental lambdas are needed for vLBI

India and High Energy Physics: Department of HEP at TIFR Belle Experiment at KEK, Japan The CMS Experiment at CERN D0 experiment at Fermilab Grapes Experiment, Ooty, India High Energy Gamma Ray Observatory,Panchmari and Hanley(Ladak),IndiaHigh Energy Gamma Ray Observatory,Panchmari and Hanley(Ladak),India India Neutrino Onservatory(INO) Some of their projects : high speed communications are essential

Global education partnerships need global high speed communications: Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar Texas A&M University at Qatar Virginia Commonwealth University in Qatar Carnegie Mellon University In Qatar Georgetown University School of Foreign Service Northwestern University in Qatar

Global research partnerships need global high speed communications: QSTP‘ was officially inaugurated in march Companies such as ConocoPhillips, ExxonMobil, Shell and Total are establishing research and training centers that add value to Qatar's hydrocarbons sector; local software company iHorizons joins Microsoft and Cisco in developing new IT applications; EADS and GE are at the forefront of industrial technologies etc.

Global research partnerships need global high speed communications: Cornell University The University of Oxford Stanford University Texas A&M University King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsKing Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals National Taiwan University Utrecht University

Square Kilometer Array in South Africa or in Australia? Whoever gets it gigabit level connectivity will be needed. Involves 55 institutes in 19 countries Site selection: : phase one implementation

The SKA precursors: MeerKAT and ASKAP Meerkat is located in a remote part of Northern Cape Province 10gig connectivity to the Cape Town control centre on Infraco Broadband infrastructure provided through SANREN (oct 2009). 1 gigabit via TENET to Europe to start.

The SKA precursors: MeerKAT and ASKAP ASKAP is located in the outbacks of Western Australia. Construction will start late DWDM fiber connectivity under study by AARnet. 39Gbps is required by Tbps in 2016 if Australia selected as SKA site..

Historical Telecommunications Provider to R&E Community 1995: Teleglobe provides first NGI connection for the Brussels G7 Summit: 155mb Teleglobe provides the capacity to Canarie and co-represents Canada in the GIBN (Global Inter- operability of Broadband Networks) As a member of Canarie Technical Advisory council, Teleglobe encourages creation of Starlight in Chicago. 2001: Teleglobe sets up the first trans-oceanic lambda linking SURFnet to Starlight (2.5 gbps) 1 st lambdagrid workshop in Amsterdam 2002: iGrid2002 Amsterdam, Tyco provides 10gig connection between Netherlight and Abilene in NY through the IEEAF Foundation. 2003: creation of GLIF at the 3rd lambdagrid workshop in Reykjavik. Tyco provides the Pacific and Atlantic connectivity for Gloriad. Teleglobe had provided the predecessor project Naukanet. 2005: VSNL acquires Tyco Global Network 2005: Gloriad expands with a Tyco/VSNL 10 Gbps link between Korea and US 2006: VSNL acquires Teleglobe 2006: VSNL provides short term STM4 to support CHEP06 event in India 2007: VSNL provides multiple 10G to CERN 2008: Tata Communications providing > 10 x 10G in Atlantic and Pacific routes and access to the commercial internet for various R&E initiatives and groups.

The GLIF (Global Lambda Integrated Facility)  created at the third lambda workshop; Reykjavik Aug 2003  Major impetus from Canarie (Bill St.Arnaud) and Surfnet (Kees Neggers)  Grew to include

Tata Communications contribution to GLIF – Atlantic Tata GTS TataL GTS Source:

Tata Communications contribution to GLIF - Pacific Source: Tata GTS

Spring 2009: Amsterdam remains the R&E lambda capital

SEA-ME-WE-4 (SMW-4)  Consortium Cable  Tata Comm is Network Administrator  Protection on SMW3  Auto-protection currently  Ring-Protected Backhaul in Marseilles and Palermo  Leading SLAs for Service Availability  Linked Directly to VSNL’s Redundant NLD Network in India  Full Range of Service Offerings including:  E-1, DS-3, STM-1, and STM-4 (ICB) City-to-City Connectivity: Mumbai to Europe Mumbai to Singapore Onward Connectivity via: India Domestic NLD Tata Comm European network TGN-A C2C and EAC out of Singapore

I-ME-WE

TGN – Eurasia Tata Communications joint build with SEACom & Telecom Egypt, providing an owned express route from Europe to India Fibre Length ~ 9,240km 2 fiber pairs Day One Capacity: _ 160 Gbps Design Capacity: _ 1.28Tbps Design Life ~ 25 years Protected transit through Egypt Landing Locations: _ Mumbai – VSB _ Egypt – transit _ Marseille – Net Centre City-to-City Connectivity in Europe & India Full Range of Service Offerings including _ E-1, DS-3, STM-1 through STM-64 _ Protected and Unprotected _ Wavelength Services _ Ethernet Services Backhaul is included from Marseille Expected RFS: October 2009

South Asia - Gulf States/Middle-East- Europe Network Diversity In addition to FLAG, SMW-3 and SMW4, the upcoming IMEWE, TGN-EA, Orascom MENA and EIG will provide the region vastly increased South Asia – Middle East – Europe capacity and diversity and help circle the African continent

The Gulf Cable Project Trans-Atlantic Trans-Pacific for discussion purposes only Kuwait KSA Bahrain Qatar UAE OmanMumbai Tata Global Network

SEACom Cable System  Length: 13,000km Cable  Locations:  South Africa (Mtunzini)  Mozambique (Maputo)  Madagascar (Toliary),  Tanzania (Dar es Salaam)  Kenya (Mombasa)  India (Mumbai)  Djibouti (Djibouti)  France (Marseille)  Ultimate Capacity: 1,280 Gbps  City-to-City Connectivity onto the Tata Communications Networks in Europe, India, & USA  Full Range of Service Offerings including:  E1, DS-3, STM-1 through STM-64  Lease and IRU Contracts available  Expected RFS: 2H2009 First Cable system connecting E. Africa to S. Africa, India and Europe

And on the African West Coast : WACS is going forward The 14,000km submarine cable will run from Cape Town to the UK with landings in Namibia, Angola, the Democratic Republic of Congo, the Republic of Congo, Cameroon, Nigeria, Togo, Ghana, Cote d'Ivoire, Cape Verde, the Canary Islands and Portugal. The WACS consortium comprises eleven companies that signed the WACS Construction and Maintenance Agreement: Angola Telecom, UK-based Cable & Wireless, Portugal Telecom, SOTELCO (Congo), Telecom Namibia, Togo Telecom, India's Tata Communications and four South African firms - Broadband Infraco, Telkom SA, MTN and Vodacom. 3.84Tb design capacity, RFS 2011 US$600 million investment April 2009: contract awarded to Alcatel

Global investments in subsea cables Source: Terabit Consulting Africa could go from 2% to 20% of investments during next 4 years.

Other West African projects: MainOne, Glo-1, ACE Main One: Nigerian initiative RFS end Tb design capacity Glo-1: Lagos –London expansion ACE: France Telecom initiative RFS 2011

Situation in 2011 if all these projects materialize….

Annex Quick tour around the Globe on the Tata Communications cable system

Circling the world on Tata Communication owned Submarine Cable Frankfurt Hong Kong Mumbai San Francisco New York Tokyo London Trans-Pacific TGN Intra-Asia TIC, i2i & SMW 4 SMW 3 & 4; FEA SAT3 & SAFE Intra-Europe Trans-Atlantic Trans-Pacific Singapore TGN Eurasia Cable NameConnectingOwnership TGN-Intra AsiaSingapore Hong Kong, Japan, Vietnam, Philippines Majority Owner TGN-EurasiaIndia to France via Egypt Majority Owner Cable NameConnectingOwnership IMEWEIndia, Middle East, Egypt, Italy, France Consortium Member SEACOMIndia, Egypt, South Africa Initial Capacity Owner New CablesCapacity Purchase

TGN - Europe  European Ring  City-to-City Connectivity to:  London, Paris, Amsterdam, Frankfurt  Lisbon, Madrid, Marseille  Full Range of Service Offerings including:  DS-3, STM-1 through STM-64  Wavelength Services  Fiber Pairs  Ethernet Services  New Connection to Marseille Landings  Provides access from Marseille to USA not touching London or Paris. Quick tour around the

TGN - Atlantic Full range of Service Offerings including: _ DS3, STM1 through STM-64 _ Wavelength Services _ Fiber Pairs _ Ethernet Services Lease and IRU Contracts available Ability to connect from Marseille to USA, avoiding NYC and London USA presence in 32 A of A, 60 Hudson, th, 165 Halsey, and Ashburn

TGN - Trans-America  Full Range of Services including:  E-1 through STM-64  Unprotected and Protected Services  Wavelengths Services  Ethernet Services  Lease & IRUs available

Hillsboro Los Angeles Seattle Portland Tokyo, Emi & Maruyama Toyohashi Guam Chikura Santa Clara To New York To APCN-2 & TGN-IA TGN - Pacific City-to-City Connectivity in Japan and USA Full Range of Service Offerings including _ E-1, DS-3, STM-1 through STM-64 _ Protected and Unprotected _ Wavelength Services _ Fiber Pairs _Ethernet Services Lease & IRU Contracts available Backhaul available from Chikura (APCN-2) and connectivity from APCN-2 onto TGN-P Logical Hillsborough Los Angeles Shinagawa Los Angeles Nedona Hillsborough Emi Toyohashi Shinagawa Physical GT2

Down to Australia : participation in PIPE Cable System 35 2 fibre pair system Support 96x10G waves per fiber pair Total of 1.92 Terabits of capacity City-to-City Connectivity to: _ Sydney _ Guam _ Japan _ USA, India, Asia Pac, Europe Full range of Service Offerings including: _ E-1, DS-3, STM-1 through STM-16 _ Unprotected Services _ Ethernet Services Lease and IRU Contracts available Expected RFS: July 2009

TGN - Intra East Asia Length: 6,800 km # of Fiber Pairs: 4 Initial Capacity: 320Gbps Design Capacity: 3.84Tbps Speeds available: STM-1/4/16 & 10G Day One Landing Points:  Singapore  Tokyo  Guam  Philippines  Hong Kong  Vietnam Expected Latencies  SNG– JP = 63msec RTD  SNG – HK = 33msec RTD  HK – JP = 45msec RTD  SNG – Vietnam CLS= 16.5msec RTD  Vietnam CLS – Philippines CLS = 24msec RTD  Philippines CLS – Japan = 33msec RTD Expected Ready For Service: 3Q2008

TGN - Tata Indicom Cable (TIC) and TGN-EurAsia (TGN-EA)  City to City Connectivity to all India locations and major business centers globally.  Full Range of Services including:  Sub-rate through STM-64  Unprotected and Protected and Restored Services  Wavelengths Services  Ethernet Services  Lease & IRU contracts available  TGN-EA and TIC are High Capacity Systems connecting India to Europe and Asia Pac.  Direct Links to TCL’s India Network  Deep Shore Burial  Redundancy East and West from India

40,000 km transmission network 170 points of presence across India Covering 300 cities and towns High service uptimes through diverse fiber routes and state of the art Ciena core director network Dual Pop architecture in 4 metros Cost effective DWDM network Aggressive expansion across India Creation of express network connecting major metros Tata Communications National India Network

TGN - East and West Connectivity to and from India New cables in 2009 and 2010 TGN-EurAsia: RFS 2H2009 IMEWE: RFS 1Q2010 SEACom: RFS 2H2009 Tata Indicom Cable 100% TCL Owned and Operated SMW4 Network Administrator SMW3 & SAFE Landing Party in India NLD Backbone  40,000 Route Km covering 300 major cities  Pan India Coverage  Mesh Architecture for resilience MAN Network  Fiber in 32+ cities WIMAX Network  Deployed in 110+ towns

TGN - down to South Africa : SEACom Cable System  Length: 13,000km Cable  Locations:  South Africa (Mtunzini)  Mozambique (Maputo)  Madagascar (Toliary),  Tanzania (Dar es Salaam)  Kenya (Mombasa)  India (Mumbai)  Djibouti (Djibouti)  France (Marseille)  Ultimate Capacity: 1,280 Gbps  City-to-City Connectivity onto the Tata Communications Networks in Europe, India, & USA  Full Range of Service Offerings including:  E1, DS-3, STM-1 through STM-64  Lease and IRU Contracts available  Expected RFS: 2H2009 First Cable system connecting E. Africa to S. Africa, India and Europe

TGN : Westward back to Europe: I-ME-WE

TGN – Eurasia Tata Communications joint build with SEACom & Telecom Egypt, providing an owned express route from Europe to India Fibre Length ~ 9,240km 2 fiber pairs Day One Capacity: _ 160 Gbps Design Capacity: _ 1.28Tbps Design Life ~ 25 years Protected transit through Egypt Landing Locations: _ Mumbai – VSB _ Egypt – transit _ Marseille – Net Centre City-to-City Connectivity in Europe & India Full Range of Service Offerings including _ E-1, DS-3, STM-1 through STM-64 _ Protected and Unprotected _ Wavelength Services _ Ethernet Services Backhaul is included from Marseille Expected RFS: October 2009

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