Chapter 6 The French Revolutions and Napoleon Section 3: Execution of a King

Today’s Learning Target Students should understand the importance of the Guillotine during the French Revolution. Students should understand the importance of the Guillotine during the French Revolution. Students should have a good understanding of who the leaders were during the revolution Students should have a good understanding of who the leaders were during the revolution

Section 3 Focus The French Revolution, driven by leaders determined to preserve and extend the revolution, entered a new and radical phase. During the Reign of Terror, thousands of French citizens were sent to their deaths by Robespierre and the Committee of Safety. Meanwhile, the revolution brought dramatic changes to many aspects of daily life. The French Revolution, driven by leaders determined to preserve and extend the revolution, entered a new and radical phase. During the Reign of Terror, thousands of French citizens were sent to their deaths by Robespierre and the Committee of Safety. Meanwhile, the revolution brought dramatic changes to many aspects of daily life.

Paris mob stormed Tuileries Paris mob stormed Tuileries Louis and family seek aid of Legislative Assembly Louis and family seek aid of Legislative Assembly Arrested and deposed Arrested and deposed The Radicals Take Over Paris crowds storm the Tuileries

First met on September 21, 1792 First met on September 21, 1792 Revolutionary Calendar Revolutionary Calendar Monarchy abolished; France officially becomes a republic Monarchy abolished; France officially becomes a republic Factions: Jacobins vs. Girondins Factions: Jacobins vs. Girondins The National Convention A Jacobin club

Jean-Paul Marat Georges Danton Leaders in the National Convention

Lawyer Lawyer Radical Jacobin Radical Jacobin Most controversial figure of the French Revolution Most controversial figure of the French Revolution Robespierre

The Guillotine Dr. Joseph Guillotin Dr. Joseph Guillotin Intended as a more humane method of execution Intended as a more humane method of execution Thousands guillotined during the French Revolution Thousands guillotined during the French Revolution

On January 17, 1793, Louis XVI was convicted of treason On January 17, 1793, Louis XVI was convicted of treason He went to the guillotine four days later on January 21, 1793 He went to the guillotine four days later on January 21, 1793 Execution of the King

Created to cease an internal rebellion in 1793 Created to cease an internal rebellion in 1793 Given dictatorial power Given dictatorial power Ruled France for nearly a year Ruled France for nearly a year The Committee of Public Safety A citizen petitions the Committee of Public Safety

July 1793– July 1794 July 1793– July 1794 Executions Executions Death of Robespierre Death of Robespierre The Reign of Terror The execution of Marie Antoinette

Robespierre overthrown on 9 Thermidor Robespierre overthrown on 9 Thermidor Committee of Public Safety dismantled Committee of Public Safety dismantled Jacobin clubs disbanded Jacobin clubs disbanded New constitution adopted in August 1795 New constitution adopted in August 1795 Executive branch known as the Directory Executive branch known as the Directory The Thermidorean Reaction 9 Thermidor meeting of the National Convention

Promoted middle class interests Promoted middle class interests Financial crisis Financial crisis Food shortages Food shortages Riots in Paris Riots in Paris Rise of Napoleon Rise of Napoleon The Directory Cartoon depicting the errors and bad judgment of the Directory