While working in the science laboratory, you will have certain important _____________ that do not apply to other classrooms. You will be working with materials and apparatus which, if handled carelessly or improperly, have the potential to cause ______ or discomfort to someone else as well as yourself. responsibilities injury

Laboratory Safety Rules

It’s the LAW! Occupational Safety & Health Administration

Basic Safety Rules Use common sense. No horseplay. No unauthorized experiments. Handle chemicals/glassware with respect. Others: #1 Rule:

Safety Features of the Lab safety shower fire blanket fire extinguisher eye wash fume hood circuit breaker switch

Obey ALL Signs… CAUTION HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SATELLITE ACCUMULATION POINT UNAUTHORIZED PERSONNEL MUST KEEP OUT

Basic Safety Rules Use common sense. No horseplay. No unauthorized experiments. Handle chemicals/glassware with respect. Others: #1 Rule:

Safety Features of the Lab safety shower fire blanket fire extinguisher eye wash fume hood circuit breaker switch

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) gives information about a chemical -- lists “Dos” and “Don’ts;” emergency procedures --

Chemical Exposure a one-time exposure causes damage acute exposurechronic exposure damage occurs after repeated exposure reaction to drugs or medication e.g., smoking, asbestos

LD 50 There are various ways an LD 50 can be expressed. For example, acetone has the following LD 50 s: ORL-RAT LD 50 : 5,800 mg/kg IHL-RAT LD 50 : 50,100 mg/m 3 -h SKN-RBT LD 50 : 20 g/kg the lethal dosage for 50% of the animals on which the chemical is tested

Example Which is more toxic? Chemical A is more toxic because less of it proves fatal to half of a given population. Chemical A: LD 50 = 3.2 mg/kg Chemical B: LD 50 = 48 mg/kg

LABORATORY SAFETY Chemical Hazard Label MSDS Safety Quiz Courtesy Christy Johannesson

Safety Symbols

NFPA CHEMICAL HAZARD LABEL HEALTH SPECIAL REACTIVITY (STABILITY) FLAMMABILITY

NFPA CHEMICAL HAZARD LABEL Least Serious 4 Most Serious 40 Flammable vapor which burns readily Substance is stable

NFPA CHEMICAL HAZARD LABEL Avoid water. May detonate with heat or ignition. Severe health risk. Burns readily. Diborane 4 34 W

Health Health (blue) Chem. name 4 – deadly 3 – extreme danger 2 – hazardous 1 – slightly hazardous 0 – normal material Fire Hazard Fire Hazard (red) Flash Point Temp. 4 – below 73 o F Temp. 3 – 73 to 100 o F – v. flam. 2 – 101 to 200 o F – flam. 1 – over 200 o F - slightly combustible 0 – will not burn Reactivity Reactivity (yellow) 4 – may detonate 3 – shock or heat may detonate 2 – violent chem. reaction 1 – unstable if heated 0 – stable Specific Hazard OXY – oxidizer ACID – acid ALK – alkali COR – corrosive W – use no water RAD – radiation hazard NFPA Label

NFPA CHEMICAL HAZARD LABEL Complete Label for Acetone

NFPA CHEMICAL HAZARD LABEL Complete Label for Phosphine

MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet On file for all purchased chemicals. Includes all information shown on a chemical label and more. Different formats are used by different chemical companies.

MSDS

Health Hazard 4 Very short exposure could cause death or serious residual injury even though prompt medical attention was given. 3 Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury even though prompt medical attention was given. 2 Intense or continued exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury unless prompt medical attention is given. 1 Exposure could cause irritation but only minor residual injury even if no treatment is given.irritation 0 Exposure under fire conditions would offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible materials.combustible

FLAMMABILITY 4 Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily.normal pressure and temperatureair 3 Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient conditions. 2 Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high temperature before ignition can occur. 1 Must be preheated before ignition can occur. 0 Materials that will not burn.

INSTABILITY Readily capable of detonation or of explosive decomposition or reaction at normal temperatures and pressures.explosivedecompositionnormal temperatures and pressures 3 Capable of detonation or explosive reaction, but requires a strong initiating source or must be heated under confinement before initiation, or reacts explosively with water.explosivereacts explosively with water 2 Normally unstable and readily undergo violent decomposition but do not detonate. Also: may react violently with water or may form potentially explosive mixtures with water.decompositionreact violently with waterexplosivemixtures 1 Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures or may react with water with some release of energy, but not violently.react with water with some release of energy 0 Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and are not reactive with water. 1 Prior to 1996, this section was titled "Reactivity". The name was changed because many people did not understand the distinction between a "reactive hazard" and the "chemical reactivity" of the material. The numeric ratings and their meanings remain unchanged.

OX This denotes an oxidizer, a chemical which can greatly increase the rate of combustion/fire.oxidizerchemicalcombustion Unusual reactivity with waterUnusual reactivity with water. This indicates a potential hazard using water to fight a fire involving this material. This section is used to denote special hazards. There are only two NFPA 704 approved symbols

ACID This indicates that the material is an acid, a corrosive material that has a pH lower than 7.0acidcorrosive materialpH ALK This denotes an alkaline material, also called a base. These caustic materials have a pH greater than 7.0basepH This denotes a material that is corrosive (it could be either an acid or a base).corrosive The skull and crossbones is used to denote a poison or highly toxic material. See also: CHIP Danger symbols.poisonhighly toxicCHIP Danger symbols The international symbol for radioactivity is used to denote radioactive hazards; radioactive materials are extremely hazardous when inhaled.inhaled Indicates an explosive material. This symbol is somewhat redundant because explosives are easily recognized by their Instability Rating.explosive Instability Rating

AlekszaNHHSH-Chemistry Safety Quick Quiz Name:_____________________________________________Score:________/_10__ 1. List two safety items in our classroom: (2 points) A.B. 2. What does MSDS stand for? (2 points) 3. The blue section of the NFPA label represents which type of hazard? (2 points) 4. Provide an example of an acute exposure to a chemical. (2 points) 5. Lab safety and cleanliness is your responsibility too! (2 points) (A) True(B) False

AlekszaNHHSC- Chemistry Safety Quick Quiz Name:_____________________________________________Score:________/_8__ _____1. Whis is not a safety item in our classroom: (2 points) A. Hood B. GogglesC. Gas MaskD. Fire Extinguisher _____2. What does MSDS stand for? (2 points) A. Material Safety Data Sheets B. Material Support Demostration Supplies C. Mother Son & Daughter Society D. Material Safety Disposal Steps _____3. The blue section of the NFPA label represents which type of hazard? (2 points) A. FlamabilityB. HealthC. ReactivityD. Other _____4. Lab safety and cleanliness is your responsibility too! (2 points) (A) True(B) False