D. Gay, Schmeltz, Sharac, Nat. Tribal Conf. for Env. Management, Billings, MT, June 26, 2008, Slide 1 Current Mercury Monitoring Approaches in Tribal Country David Gay NADP Program Office, (217)

D. Gay, Schmeltz, Sharac, Nat. Tribal Conf. for Env. Management, Billings, MT, June 26, 2008, Slide 2 What Can Be Measured? Mercury Cycle

D. Gay, Schmeltz, Sharac, Nat. Tribal Conf. for Env. Management, Billings, MT, June 26, 2008, Slide 3 Deposition is a very good starting point! It is the starting place of Hg moving into the biosphere; It is rather simple, Straightforward Inexpensive Little training or experience needed.

Bioaccumulation of Methyl Mercury Bacterial action (water and sediment) Zooplankton Small fish predatory fish Water Body/pore water Me-Mercury Concentration Dry Deposition Wet DepositionGeologic Sources (soil, rock, base flow etc.) Methylation Hg Through Fall (wet+dry) Litter Fall

How Mercury is Wet Deposited? Hg o RGM Hg p RGM Hg o Hg p RGM rainout washout Oxidation (long lifetime)

Wet deposition Mercury sample

D. Gay, Schmeltz, Sharac, Nat. Tribal Conf. for Env. Management, Billings, MT, June 26, 2008, Slide 7 Tribal Lands and Mercury Sources

What is the NADP?

A Cooperative Research Program (Un. Of Illinois) –Measure wet deposition, dry deposition & litterfall concentrations of mercury –North America Taiwan, Mexico, South America –Owned and operated by our members –Decisions made by our members –Started in 1978, 35 th year –Over 400,000 precipitation samples

dry wet

D. Gay, Schmeltz, Sharac, Nat. Tribal Conf. for Env. Management, Billings, MT, June 26, 2008, Slide 11

Wet Deposition

Mercury Deposition Network (MDN) Collects one-week precipitation-only samples with MDN wet-dry collector Measures precipitation with gage Analyses Total Mercury Methyl Mercury Other options

Typical Wet Deposition Site (MDN)

Wet Deposition Collection

Mercury Deposition Network Brief Look at Frontier Geosciences, Analytical Laboratory

Dry Deposition

Global Mercury Observation System (GMOS)

Atmospheric Mercury Network (AMNet) A New NADP Network Measure: –Hg species (Tekran system) –meteorology and land cover variables Elemental mercury (Hg 0 ) Gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) Particulate bound mercury (PBM) Estimate Dry Deposition

Coming Soon: Dry Deposition Estimates flux (F ) = air concentration x dry deposition velocity (V d ) F= V deposition * Concentration air where: R a as aerodynamic resistance, R b as quasi-laminar resistance, and R c as canopy resistance

Product Weekly estimates of dry deposition of –GOM –PBM2.5 Downward dry deposition of GEM –Working & coming soon –No evasion estimate (re-emission) –Not net deposition

Mercury Deposition Network New Trial Network, Litterfall Mercury

Results And what can be done with this information

Mercury Deposition in Precipitation 2010

D. Gay, Schmeltz, Sharac, Nat. Tribal Conf. for Env. Management, Billings, MT, June 26, 2008, Slide 30

D. Gay, Schmeltz, Sharac, Nat. Tribal Conf. for Env. Management, Billings, MT, June 26, 2008, Slide 31

D. Gay, Schmeltz, Sharac, Nat. Tribal Conf. for Env. Management, Billings, MT, June 26, 2008, Slide 32

D. Gay, Schmeltz, Sharac, Nat. Tribal Conf. for Env. Management, Billings, MT, June 26, 2008, Slide 33

Mercury Deposition Network Other Deposition? Litterfall

Network Cost

What Are People Doings with Our data?

What factors are affecting fish concentrations of Hg? –Water pH –Total dissolved solids –Dissolved sulfate Hg is overwhelmingly deposition Overwhelmingly anthropogenic Wiener et al., 2006 Environmental Science and Technology Vol 40 p 6261.

Mercury in Human Hair, By Region

Mercury Deposition Higher in Urban Areas

Gold Mining Locations important to Western Sites

Typical Mercury Concentrations in Fish

Trends In Precipitation Concentration

Current Mercury Monitoring Approaches in Tribal Country David Gay NADP Program Office, (217)

Questions and Answers Chris Lee/TAMS Joe Painter/Winnebago Cody Barta/Sac and Fox of Kansas