Bell ringer Do you think that there is a difference between the way humans and animals think? Why or why not? Write a comment or question, or draw a picture,

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Psychology HOW AND WHY DO HUMANS ACT AS THEY DO? FOCUS ON FACTORS THAT ARE UNIQUE TO EVERY INDIVIDUAL.
Advertisements

Little Albert J.B. Watson & Rosalie Rayner’s
1 Behaviorism. 2 Flow of Presentation Brief History (Learning Theories) Famous People Behaviorism Theories –Classical Conditioning –Operant Conditioning.
Psychlotron.org.uk What do people mean when they talk about ‘human nature’?
Behavioral Learning Theory: Operant Conditioning
Behavioralism Psychological perspective that emphasizing the role of learning and experience in determining behavior. A strict behavioralist believes that.
Behavioralism Psychological perspective that emphasizes the role of learning and experience in determining behavior. A strict behavioralist believes that.
By: Hamda Jama. John B. Watson was a famous American psychologist, born into a poor family in Greenville, South Carolina in 1878 He entered Furman University.
Pablo Kawas IB Psychology MR D.. Personal Data Born: 9-January-1878 Birthplace: Greenville, South Carolina Died: 25-September-1958 Location of death:
Category 3 Category 2 Category
week 12, march 6, tuesday Inquiry 3 Details Field Trip assignment
Week 15, april 27, tuesday  Inquiry 3  Debate the one five o.
John B. Watson B. F. Skinner Benjamin Bloom
 Complete name: John Broadus Watson  Birth: in Travelers Rest, South Carolina, on January 9, 1878, into a very poor family.  Watson was the fourth.
Instructional Technology 6260 Learning and Communication Theory in Instructional Technology: Introduction.
Psychology as Science Science Empiricism Testable/Falsifiable Objectivity Challenges Existing Beliefs Shared Methods “Pop-psych” Untestable Simplistic.
CHAPTER 8: LEARNING Classical Conditioning
Psychology 3051 Psychology 305A: Theories of Personality Lecture 15 1.
Learning: Classical Conditioning
1 Animal Behavior: Why (and how) do animals do what they do? Picture: Animal cognition.net.
1.3 A History of Psychology. Ancient Greece  Most believed psychological problems were a result of the gods’ punishment  Socrates encouraged his students.
Behavioral Psychotherapy Learning the A-B-Cs. Defining Behavior What we do…Outward manifestation of our inner selves Communication (to others) of how.
Evolution of Psychology The Structuralists and the Functionalists and What Came After.
The History of the Study of Psychology
The Beginnings Edwin Starbuck The Psychology of Religion, 1899.
Suggested basic principles of memory, as laws of association: – Contiguity in space or time – Similarity – Contrast (associations of opposites) Aristotle.
Psychology Oswayo Valley High School. “I think, therefore I am” Introduction.
Psychlotron.org.uk “Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take any one at.
Warm up 9/9/09 What parts of your personality, what talents, what quirks etc do you think you were “born with”? What do you think has been developed due.
History of psychology. The History of Psychology philosophy biology physics When did psychology start? 1879 psychoanalysis Behaviorism cognitive biological.
1 Learning How Do We Learn? Classical Conditioning  Pavlov’s Experiments  Extending Pavlov’s Understanding  Pavlov’s Legacy Operant Conditioning  Skinner’s.
Lecture 2: Classical Conditioning. Types of learning Habituation and sensitization Classical (Pavlovian) conditioning Instrumental (Operant) conditioning.
The Learning Approach (Behaviourism). Watson ( ) "Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up and.
Exploring theories of learning - Behaviourism
Heredity and Environment
Operant Conditioning Watson’s Extreme Environmentalism “Give me a dozen healthy infants, well- formed, and my own special world to bring them up in,
USING THE PRINCIPLES OF LEARNING TO UNDERSTAND EVERYDAY BEHAVIOR.
The Story of Psychology “I have made a ceaseless effort not to ridicule, not to bewail, not to scorn human actions, but to understand them.” Beneict Spizoza,
Principles of Learning Learning Introduction Learning –a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience. Several types of.
Chapter 9 Learning.
History of Psychology Sara Barnett Class 7
By: Sabrina Julia, and Kristina JOHN WATSON.  Born in 1878 in Greenville, South Carolina where he grew up on a farm.  His dad drank, and was very.
“Getting inside of your head” Behaviorism Only examines data that is public and observable –Introspection is unimportant Personality = What you actually.
Prologue: The Story of Psychology A Short History, But a Long Past.
Journal # 1 1/6/2012 The Psychology of Compulsive Gambling Read the article and free write a response. chology-compulsive-gambling.
Chapter 6 Learning Slides prepared by Randall E. Osborne, Texas State University-San Marcos PSYCHOLOGY Schacter Gilbert Wegner.
Outcomes of this lesson Outcome 1Define Classical Conditioning Outcome2 Define operant conditioning Outcome 3 Explain classical conditioning- Watson’s.
The World of Psychology: An Overview
There Are Four Different Parenting Styles Authoritarian~ Low Love and High Limits Permissive ~ High Love and Low Limits Authoritative ~ Democratic or Balanced:
Behaviorism Review Is this true? Are we really the product Of a lifetime of training?
Chapter 6: Learning Slides prepared by Randall E. Osborne, Texas State University-San Marcos, adapted by Dr Mark Forshaw, Staffordshire University, UK.
The Learning Approach (Behaviourism). Watson ( ) "Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up and.
DO NOW.
Psychology’s History. Early Psychology Plato and Socrates – believed all knowledge was innate Aristotle – believed all knowledge was gained from experience.
Learning.  Learning: A relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience  Types of Learning 1. Associative learning- make a connection.
Applied Behavior Modification Mgr. Dana Fajmonová Mgr. Michal Osuský.
The Learning Approach 2 Ways We Learn Personality: -System of Associations, Rewards, Punishment -Observations of Others.
“Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him.
DISORDERS a. Clinical Characteristics b. Explanations c. Treatments HEALTH & CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY G543.
“Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him.
Tutor: Maureen McLachlan
The Learning Approach (Behaviourism).
Behavioral & Humanistic Approaches
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
The Learning Approach (Behaviourism).
Classical Conditioning
BehaviorAL theories.
טיפול קוגניטיבי התנהגותי בילדים
Examination Style Questions
Chapter 10: The Beginnings of Behaviorism
Presentation transcript:

Bell ringer Do you think that there is a difference between the way humans and animals think? Why or why not? Write a comment or question, or draw a picture, to illustrate your response.

John B. Watson ( ) “Founder of Behaviorism” By Mary Beth Bracy & Courtney (Foley) Sayward Image from Google Images

About John B. Watson From poor family in South CarolinaFrom poor family in South Carolina Troubled youth, but managed to go to college (graduated 1889).Troubled youth, but managed to go to college (graduated 1889). Majored in psychology and minored in philosophy, under John Dewey (1901).Majored in psychology and minored in philosophy, under John Dewey (1901). (1903) Studied under German biologist Jacques Loeb, and became fascinated with animal studies.(1903) Studied under German biologist Jacques Loeb, and became fascinated with animal studies. (1907) Became associate professor at Johns Hopkins University. Named editor of renowned journal Psychological Review. Promulgated views on animal- human psychology, which he also applied to mental illness research. (1914) Became president of the American Psychological Association. (1916-) Worked in advertising.

Publications (1913) Published article “Psychology as the Behaviorist Views it.”(1913) Published article “Psychology as the Behaviorist Views it.” (1914) Published Behavior: An Introduction to Comparative Psychology.(1914) Published Behavior: An Introduction to Comparative Psychology. (1919) Wrote his most popular book: Psychology from the Standpoint of a Behaviorist.(1919) Wrote his most popular book: Psychology from the Standpoint of a Behaviorist. (1920) Published the “Little Albert” experiment.(1920) Published the “Little Albert” experiment. (1924) Published Behaviorism.(1924) Published Behaviorism. (1928) Published The Psychological Care of Infant and Child.(1928) Published The Psychological Care of Infant and Child.

Behaviorism “Behaviorism assumes that behavior is observable and can be correlated with other observable events. Thus, there are events that precede and follow behavior” (Cooper, 2009).“Behaviorism assumes that behavior is observable and can be correlated with other observable events. Thus, there are events that precede and follow behavior” (Cooper, 2009). Psychology should be grounded in science when examining the connection between the environment and behavior.Psychology should be grounded in science when examining the connection between the environment and behavior. Ideas controlling human and other animal behavior are basically the same.Ideas controlling human and other animal behavior are basically the same.

More on Behaviorism Picture of a dog Pavlov used in experiments. A saliva catch container was surgically implanted in the dog’s muzzle. (Pavlov Museum. Ryazan, Russia). Influenced by Pavlov’s experiments (e.g., causing dogs to salivate at the sound of a noise). Watson experimented on animals and children. His most famous study was titled “Little Albert.”

Behaviorist Conclusions Humans are conditioned. For instance, in the “Little Albert” experiment the toddler was conditioned to fear the rat by adding the noise. Later, this was also extended to other furry objects (e.g., Santa beard and Watson’s hair).Humans are conditioned. For instance, in the “Little Albert” experiment the toddler was conditioned to fear the rat by adding the noise. Later, this was also extended to other furry objects (e.g., Santa beard and Watson’s hair). Watson asserted that thinking is not conscious behavior. It is merely talking to yourself.Watson asserted that thinking is not conscious behavior. It is merely talking to yourself.

Positive Instructional Implications If behavior is conditioned, there is amazing potential for teachers to positively influence their students by good example, quality lessons and learning.If behavior is conditioned, there is amazing potential for teachers to positively influence their students by good example, quality lessons and learning. Watson believed that practice strengthens learning.Watson believed that practice strengthens learning. His work was considered the beginning of the development of learning science.His work was considered the beginning of the development of learning science.

Criticism Behaviorism has been criticized for Social-Darwinian implications (e.g., conditioning the masses and survival of the fittest).Behaviorism has been criticized for Social-Darwinian implications (e.g., conditioning the masses and survival of the fittest). "Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select--doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief, and, yes, even beggarman and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestors. I am going beyond my facts and I admit it, but so have the advocates of the contrary and they have been doing it for many thousands of years." – John B. Watson, Behaviorism, p. 104."Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select--doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief, and, yes, even beggarman and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestors. I am going beyond my facts and I admit it, but so have the advocates of the contrary and they have been doing it for many thousands of years." – John B. Watson, Behaviorism, p. 104.

References Cohen, D. (1979). J. B. Watson: The Founder of Behaviourism. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd.Cohen, D. (1979). J. B. Watson: The Founder of Behaviourism. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd. Cooper, S. (2009). John B. Watson (1878 to 1958) Behaviorism.Cooper, S. (2009). John B. Watson (1878 to 1958) Behaviorism. Retrieved September 9, 2010, from inc.com/Learningtheories/behaviorism/Watson.html Green, C. D. (2009). Classics in the history of Psychology: Introduction to “Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It” John B. Watson (1913). Retrieved September 9, 2010, from C. D. (2009). Classics in the history of Psychology: Introduction to “Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It” John B. Watson (1913). Retrieved September 9, 2010, from Mandler, G. (2002). Origins of the cognitive (r)evolution. Journal of History of the Behavioral Sciences, 38(4), 339–353.Mandler, G. (2002). Origins of the cognitive (r)evolution. Journal of History of the Behavioral Sciences, 38(4), 339–353. Watson, J. B. (1957). Behaviorism (New ed.). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Watson, J. B. (1957). Behaviorism (New ed.). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

NATUREVS.NURTURE