Warm Up What were Germany’s goals in WWII? What were Germany’s goals in WWII? What began WWII for Germany? What began WWII for Germany? What were Italy’s goals in WWII? What were Italy’s goals in WWII? What began WWII for Italy? What began WWII for Italy? What were Japan’s goals in WWII? What were Japan’s goals in WWII? What began WWII for Japan? What began WWII for Japan?

World War II Day 1 – Lightening War

A. Invasion of Poland September 1, 1939 September 1, 1939 Blitzkrieg – lightening war Blitzkrieg – lightening war Airplanes and tanks Airplanes and tanks Massive bombing of Warsaw Massive bombing of Warsaw Massive infantry invasion (1.5 million German soldiers) Massive infantry invasion (1.5 million German soldiers)

A. Invasion of Poland

 German bombers flew 1,150 sorties (missions) and destroyed 84% of Warsaw  Incendiary (fire) bombs used

Winston Churchill

B. Tripartite / Axis Pact September 27, signed in Berlin September 27, signed in Berlin Germany – Adolph Hitler Italy – Foreign Minister Galeazzo Ciano Japan – Ambassador Saburo Kurusu

C. Soviet Aggression September 17, 1939 – Soviet troops occupy eastern Poland September 17, 1939 – Soviet troops occupy eastern Poland Annexation (take over) of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia Annexation (take over) of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia November 1939 – Soviets invade Finland November 1939 – Soviets invade Finland

C. Soviet Aggression

Finland surrenders by March 1940

D. “Phony War” Ends April 9, 1940 – Hitler invades Denmark and Norway April 9, 1940 – Hitler invades Denmark and Norway Demark surrenders in 4 hours Demark surrenders in 4 hours Norway surrenders in 2 months Norway surrenders in 2 months

D. “Phony War” Ends May May Hitler attacks Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg Hitler attacks Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg Goal : France Goal : France

1. Describe the cartoon. 2. What countries are involved in the cartoon? 3. What is the cartoonist trying to say?

E. Evacuation from Dunkirk May 26 – June 4, May 26 – June 4, ships rescue 338,000 French soldiers 850 ships rescue 338,000 French soldiers Air coverage from the RAF Air coverage from the RAF Heavy German bombing Heavy German bombing

World War II Day 2 – France and Britain

A. France Surrenders June 1940 – France surrenders June 1940 – France surrenders Nazi control “Vichy France” under Henri Petain

A. France Surrenders

June 1940 – France surrenders June 1940 – France surrenders

A. France Surrenders Charles de Gaulle in London – government in exile Charles de Gaulle in London – government in exile

A. France Surrenders French Resistance French Resistance French Underground French Underground

B. Battle of Britain Operation Sea Lion Operation Sea Lion Hitler wanted to successfully invade Britain (hadn’t happened since 1066) Hitler wanted to successfully invade Britain (hadn’t happened since 1066) Goal: knock out the RAF and then invade with 250,000 soldiers Goal: knock out the RAF and then invade with 250,000 soldiers 4,500 planes in the Luftwaffe, 2,900 in the RAF 4,500 planes in the Luftwaffe, 2,900 in the RAF

B. Battle of Britain Resistance Resistance Cracking Enigma Cracking Enigma RADAR RADAR

B. Battle of Britain

British propaganda

C. US Gets involved Destroyer Deal (September 2, 1940)- FDR transferred 50 old-model, four-funnel destroyers left over from WWI, in return for U.S. military rights to eight valuable defensive base sites

Lend-Lease Act (March 1941) British needed equipment, didn’t have money to pay for it- arms and ships, would be lent to nations that needed them and returned when no longer needed British needed equipment, didn’t have money to pay for it- arms and ships, would be lent to nations that needed them and returned when no longer needed $50 billion allocated, $31 billion to Britain alone $50 billion allocated, $31 billion to Britain alone

Lend-Lease Act (March 1941)

August 1941 FDR and Churchill meet off the coast of Newfoundland on the HMS Prince of Wales FDR and Churchill meet off the coast of Newfoundland on the HMS Prince of Wales Agree to sign the Atlantic Charter Agree to sign the Atlantic Charter

 What do the two nations agree to?  How does this put the US one step closer to war?  What are the ideologies behind this document?

World War II Day 3 – Fight Drags On

What was Napoleon’s biggest mistake?

If you want to be a world dictator….don’t invade Russia!

“We have only to kick in the door and the whole rotten structure will come crashing down” -Adolf Hitler

A. Operation Barbarossa June 22, 1941 – Hitler invades Russia (in summer uniforms) June 22, 1941 – Hitler invades Russia (in summer uniforms) Red Army – 5 million men, lacked supplies and equipment Red Army – 5 million men, lacked supplies and equipment 500 miles – Russians conduct scorched earth 500 miles – Russians conduct scorched earth

A. Operation Barbarossa

Siege at Leningrad September 8, 1941 – January 7, 1944 (900 days) September 8, 1941 – January 7, 1944 (900 days) German Army destroys food warehouses German Army destroys food warehouses First winter – no heat, no water, almost no electricity, very little food First winter – no heat, no water, almost no electricity, very little food Some attempt escape to mainland Some attempt escape to mainland Food supply desperate – eating animal feed, cats, dogs, crows, rats Food supply desperate – eating animal feed, cats, dogs, crows, rats 600,000+ die in Leningrad 600,000+ die in Leningrad

Attack on Moscow October 2, 1941 October 2, 1941 Counterattack by Russian General Georgi Zhukov (w/ 100 fresh divisions from Siberia) Counterattack by Russian General Georgi Zhukov (w/ 100 fresh divisions from Siberia) Germans repulsed – Hitler orders “no retreat” Germans repulsed – Hitler orders “no retreat” Dig in 125 miles west of Moscow – horrible winter (frozen fuel and oil) Dig in 125 miles west of Moscow – horrible winter (frozen fuel and oil) 500,000 Germans die in the attempt 500,000 Germans die in the attempt

Casablanca Conference Casablanca Conference (January 1943) Roosevelt and Churchill met in Morocco and agreed on the term of “unconditional surrender.” Casablanca Conference (January 1943) Roosevelt and Churchill met in Morocco and agreed on the term of “unconditional surrender.” Stalin is begging for a second front for help, decide to invade the “soft underbelly” of Italy Stalin is begging for a second front for help, decide to invade the “soft underbelly” of Italy

Casablanca Conference

North Africa Churchill’s strategy – N. Africa to Italy (angered Stalin) Churchill’s strategy – N. Africa to Italy (angered Stalin) German General Erwin Rommel vs. British General Bernard “Monty” Montgomery German General Erwin Rommel vs. British General Bernard “Monty” Montgomery

Battle of El Alamein Gen. Montgomery attacked German forces and drove them West (October 1942) Gen. Montgomery attacked German forces and drove them West (October 1942) 107,000 US troops under Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower land in Algeria and Morocco 107,000 US troops under Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower land in Algeria and Morocco German Army in N. Africa destroyed by May 1943 German Army in N. Africa destroyed by May 1943

Operation Torch

Battle of Stalingrad August 23, 1942 August 23, 1942 Luftwaffe bombs the city Luftwaffe bombs the city November – Germans control 90% of the city November – Germans control 90% of the city November 19 – Soviet troops attack the city, cut off supplies November 19 – Soviet troops attack the city, cut off supplies Hitler orders to hold the city “at all costs” Hitler orders to hold the city “at all costs” February 2, 1943 – 90,000 Germans surrender February 2, 1943 – 90,000 Germans surrender City is completely destroyed City is completely destroyed

German Surrender at Stalingrad

Invasion of Italy July ,000 Allied soldiers land at Sicily July ,000 Allied soldiers land at Sicily August Allies take Sicily August Allies take Sicily June 4, Allies take Rome June 4, Allies take Rome

Italian Campaign

Northern Italy

Invasion of Italy July 25, 1943 – Mussolini arrested July 25, 1943 – Mussolini arrested September 23 – Italy surrendered September 23 – Italy surrendered Germans take N. Italy and put Mussolini back in power Germans take N. Italy and put Mussolini back in power Fighting drags on Fighting drags on Mussolini captured, shot, and hanged in Milan– April 1945 Mussolini captured, shot, and hanged in Milan– April 1945

World War II Day 4 – The Final Push

Tehran Conference Tehran Conference- Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin agree to launch simultaneous attacks. Tehran Conference- Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin agree to launch simultaneous attacks. Operation Overlord- General Eisenhower put in charge of a massive English channel invasion Operation Overlord- General Eisenhower put in charge of a massive English channel invasion

Operation Overlord Operation Overlord- General Eisenhower put in charge of a massive English channel invasion Operation Overlord- General Eisenhower put in charge of a massive English channel invasion

June 6, 1944—Operation Overlord

Overlord

Liberation of Paris, August 1944

The Last Days of Hitler December 16, Battle of the Bulge- ten- day stopped by the 101st Airborne Division December 16, Battle of the Bulge- ten- day stopped by the 101st Airborne Division March US and Soviet troops marched toward Berlin March US and Soviet troops marched toward Berlin

Battle of the Bulge

Race for Berlin

Concentration Camps

The End April 12, FDR died from a massive stroke April 12, FDR died from a massive stroke April 30, Hitler committed suicide April 30, Hitler committed suicide May 7, 1945 Germany surrendered May 7, 1945 Germany surrendered

Review: World War II Geography Label and color the Allied powers Label and color the Allied powers Label and color the Axis powers (visible in this map) Label and color the Axis powers (visible in this map) Color four countries impacted by the German blitzkrieg Color four countries impacted by the German blitzkrieg Label the correct locations for: Label the correct locations for: D-Day Invasion / Operation Overlord D-Day Invasion / Operation Overlord Battle of Britain / Operation Sea Lion Battle of Britain / Operation Sea Lion Operation Torch Operation Torch Battle of El Alamein Battle of El Alamein Liberation of Paris Liberation of Paris Operation Barbarossa Operation Barbarossa Russian invasion of Finland Russian invasion of Finland

STUDY FOR YOUR QUIZ TOMORROW! 35 Multiple choice 35 Multiple choice Free response Free response Yes, you should study your map Yes, you should study your map Yes, we will work on our project when we finish Yes, we will work on our project when we finish