FIGURE 4. 1 Laminar-Flow Hood FIGURE 4.1 Laminar-Flow Hood. A peristaltic pump, connected to a receiver vessel, is shown on the right side below the hood, with a foot switch to activate the pump. The suction line from the pump leads to the work area, and a delivery tube from a gas mixer provides a supply of CO2 mixed in air.

FIGURE 4. 2 Pipette Controller FIGURE 4.2 Pipette Controller. Motorized pipetting device for use with conventional graduated pipettes.

FIGURE 4. 3 Pipettors. (a) Variable-volume pipetting device FIGURE 4.3 Pipettors. (a) Variable-volume pipetting device. Also available in fixed volume. The pipettor is not itself sterilized but is used with sterilized plastic tips. (b) Multipoint pipettor with manifold to take 8 plastic tips; also available for 4 and 12. (Courtesy of VWR-Jencons.) ◦

FIGURE 4. 4 Graduated Bottle Dispenser FIGURE 4.4 Graduated Bottle Dispenser. Two-hole stopper inserted in the neck of a graduated bottle with a delivery line connected to a dispensing bell, a spring clip on the line, and an inlet line for balancing air. The stopper may be sterilized without the bottle and inserted into any standard bottle containing medium as required. (From an original design by Dr. John Paul.)

FIGURE 4. 5 Syringe Dispensers FIGURE 4.5 Syringe Dispensers. (a) Stepping dispenser operated by incremental movement of syringe piston, activated by thumb button. (Repette, courtesy of VWR-Jencons.) (b) Repeating syringe dispenser with two-way valve connected to inlet tubing via an inline filter. (Cornwall Syringe, courtesy of Research Laboratory Supply.)

FIGURE 4. 6 Automatic Dispensers FIGURE 4.6 Automatic Dispensers. (a) The Perimatic Premier, suitable for repetitive dispensing and dilution in the 1- to 1000-mL range. If the device is used for sterile operations, only the delivery tube needs to be autoclaved. (b) Zippette bottle-top dispenser, suitable for the 1- to 30-mL range; autoclavable. (Courtesy of VWR-Jencons.)

FIGURE 4. 7 Plate Filler and Plate Reader FIGURE 4.7 Plate Filler and Plate Reader. (a) Automatic filling device for loading microtitration plates. The photo shows a nonsterile application, but the device can be used in sterile applications. (Courtesy of VWR-Jencons.) (b) Densitometer for measuring absorbance of each well; some models also measure fluorescence. (Courtesy of Biotek.)

FIGURE 4. 8 Transfer Device FIGURE 4.8 Transfer Device. Transtar (Corning) for seeding, transferring medium, replica plating, and other similar manipulations with microtitration plates, enabling simultaneous handling of all 96 wells. (Reproduced by permission of Corning Life Sciences.)

FIGURE 4. 9 Aspiration of Medium FIGURE 4.9 Aspiration of Medium. (a) Pipette connected via tube to a peristaltic pump being used to remove medium from a flask. (b) Peristaltic pump on the suction line from the hood leading to a waste receiver. (c) Withdrawal of fluid from multiwell plate (same adapter can be used with regular pipettes and flasks), and (d) vacuum pump receiver (courtesy of Integra.)

FIGURE 4. 10 Inverted Microscope FIGURE 4.10 Inverted Microscope. (a) Olympus CKX41 inverted microscope fitted with phase-contrast optics and trinocular head with port for attaching a digital camera. (Photo courtesy of Olympus, UK, Ltd.) (b) CCD camera attached to Zeiss Axiovert inverted microscope. Can be used for direct printing or for time-lapse studies when linked to a video recorder (see Section 27.3). Microinjection port on right. (Courtesy of Beatson Institute.)

FIGURE 4. 11 Culture Chambers FIGURE 4.11 Culture Chambers. Inexpensive alternatives to CO2 incubator. Upper shelf, custom-made clear plastic box (Courtesy of Reeve Irvine Institute); lower shelf, anaerobic jar (BD Biosciences.)

FIGURE 4. 12 CO2 Incubator. Galaxy 170R fanless CO2 incubator FIGURE 4.12 CO2 Incubator. Galaxy 170R fanless CO2 incubator. (a) Exterior with LCD display panel. (b) Interior showing shelving and water tray in place; and (c) showing smooth easily cleaned interior with removable racking that does not penetrate the stainless steel lining. (See also Fig. 4.13.) (Courtesy of New Brunswick Scientific–RS Biotech.)

FIGURE 4. 13 CO2 Incubator Design FIGURE 4.13 CO2 Incubator Design. Front view of control panel and section of chamber of two stylized humid CO2 incubators. (a) Water-jacketed with circulating fan. (b) Dry-walled with no circulating fan (not representative of any particular makes).

FIGURE 4. 14 Glassware Washing Machine FIGURE 4.14 Glassware Washing Machine. Glassware is placed on individual jets, which ensures thorough washing and rinsing (Betterbuilt). (Courtesy of Beatson Institute.)

FIGURE 4. 15 Water Purifier. (a) High output FIGURE 4.15 Water Purifier. (a) High output. Tap water first passes through a reverse-osmosis unit on the right and then goes to the storage tank on the left. It then passes through carbon filtration and deionization (center unit) before being collected via a micropore filter (Millipore Milli-Q). Current models have integrated conductivity and TOC monitoring (Courtesy of Beatson Institute.) (b) Smaller self-contained bench-top unit (Elga Pureflex). (c) Handset with readout of resistivity and TOC. (b, c, courtesy of Elga.)

FIGURE 4. 16 Bench-Top Autoclave FIGURE 4.16 Bench-Top Autoclave. Simple, top-loading autoclave from Prestige Medical; left with lid closed, right with lid removed for filling. (Courtesy of Beatson Institute.)

FIGURE 4. 17 Freestanding Autoclave FIGURE 4.17 Freestanding Autoclave. Medium-sized (300 L; 10 ft3) laboratory autoclave with square chamber for maximum load. The recorder on the top console is connected to a probe in the bottle in the center of the load. (Courtesy of Beatson Institute.)

FIGURE 4.18 Tubes. Centrifuge and samples tubes, available sterile but non–tissue-culture grade, although tissue culture grade tubes are available (BD Biosciences; Corning). Clockwise from the left: 250-mL centrifuge tube (Corning), 5-mL Bijou bottle (Sterilin), 30-mL universal container (Sterilin), 50-mL centrifuge tube (BD Biosciences), 15-mL centrifuge tube (BD Biosciences), and 5-mL sample tube (BD Biosciences).