Life in a Totalitarian State…and The Cold War Versus the West C28 sec 3 & C31 sec 5 Join me on Pg. 713 EQs: What was life like in the Soviet Union? How/Why did the Cold War begin in the late 1940s?

Propaganda Definition: The spreading of ideas to promote a cause or destroy an opposing cause Propaganda… 1. promoted communism Radio broadcasts, speeches and even the only newspapers (known as Pravda aka “The Truth”) 2. condemned capitalism Capitalism is what caused Russia to fail when the czar ruled, GREED 3. revived extreme Russian nationalism “Russia for Russians”

Religion and Society 4. Atheism was the state religion of Russia All religions were persecuted or banned 5. Members of the Communist party were at the head of society They head access to better stuff while providing housing, general wages, education, labor, health services and even day care to the masses 6. Food was always in short supply Except for bread, most people could not get meat, fruits, vegetables and other luxury goods (coffee, tea, sugar)

Education The Communist party was responsible for setting up school and universities 7. Educated workers were needed to build the modern state (most Russian before the Revolution barely had a 4th grade education) 8. schools taught basic skills as well as communist values, sports competition, political classes for hopeful party members

Women and the (Soviet) Arts Women won legal equality under Communism in the USSR 9. Women also gained access to education and any job they saw fit (though most were still somewhat selective) Women did find a place in the industrial workforce, which propelled Soviet industry in the mid 20th C. Artists and writers were required by law to depict only the positive aspects of Communism in the USSR (14. socialist realism, see pg 715) 10. The government censored all literature, art, and music that reached the public

Origins of the Cold War (Pg. 791) 1. The end of WWII and the war crimes trials showed that leaders could now be held responsible for their actions during a real war 2. World nations agreed to form a United Nations, with the US, Britain, France, the USSR and China becoming the permanent members in the Security Council…this body was given the power to keep the peace, though they barely agreed on how to do that

The Cold War Begins 3. The Cold War was a period of tension and hostility among nations w/o direct armed conflict between major rivals (US and USSR) Why did it happen? Both nations were at odds over which was better, capitalist democracy or Communism 4. Stalin immediately after WWII was determined to spread Communism into Eastern Europe to build a buffer between the USSR and the West 5. The US countered this with the Marshall Plan, which provided economic aid and defense to several European nations

Germany and the Cold War Germany served as a major battleground between the West and the USSR 6. Germany became divided as a result (East to the USSR and Communism, west to Western powers and democracy) The traditional German capital, Berlin, was itself divided…since it was in E. Germany, Stalin tried to squeeze the west out of it by blocking it in the late 40s…fortunately, the US used airplanes to get in and out with ease, however, Berlin was still a hostile city, eventually divided by a wall within the next decade…

Early Cold War Reactions 7. In 1947, President Truman outlined a doctrine the would “limit Communism to areas already under Soviet control” 8. This developed into the popular Western policy of containment, the resistance to Soviet expansion while providing aid to democracies worldwide 9. Those democracies in Europe banded together with the US to form NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)…they pledged to help each other fight Communism (military alliance) 10. In response to the formation of NATO, Stalin and the USSR created the Warsaw Pact, their own military alliance with Eastern European nations

For the remainder of the period/homework… Finish items on the worksheets we DID NOT cover Read the Primary Source Reading (Growing up in Stalin’s Russia) and answer the questions REMINDER: Map Quiz Thursday!!! STUDY/PRACTICE