Ancient Egypt NOTES 2

Review Geography – ___________ – very rich soil Daily Life – Most people were __________,___________, or ___________ – Writing system – Wrote on tomb walls and papyrus rolls using ____________ – __________ Stone was the key to _____hieroglyphics

Religion Egyptians were ___________ Each god or goddess were known for their own specialties – There are as many as _______gods and goddess's

Religion Sun gods – Ra _____ _________ – ______________ New Kingdom Land gods (__________) – _________ – __________ Middle Kingdom MORE

Religion When you died, you were ____________ – Early ancient Egyptians would bury their dead in sand pits, ____________________from the natural dehydration – Started to _____________________to protect from wild animals, but bodies would decay Thus creating the process of mummification

Government The _________ was the most important person in Ancient Egypt – __________ and __________leader of Egypt

Government As 'Lord of the Two Lands‘ (______ and _______Egypt) the pharaoh owned all of the land, made laws, collected taxes, and defended Egypt against foreigners. As ____________of Every Temple', the pharaoh represented the gods on Earth. He performed rituals and built temples to honor the gods.

Old Kingdom BC (Collapsed due to famine and lost of government confidence) _______________ – Preserve bodies for the afterlife Pharaohs – Divine selection – ________ (3 rd ) ________, ________ & ________ (4 th ) First pyramids constructed – Step pyramids of Saqqara – Great pyramid of _______

Middle Kingdom BC 11 th Dynasty- 14 th Dynasty Rule extended from ________ to __________ Considered the “Golden Age” ____________ II ruled from Thebes in Upper Egypt. Hyksos move the __________ to the Nile Delta Introduction of ____________

New Kingdom BC __________ Leader _________- first ______ ruler in history Akhenaten- first _____________ ___________- tomb discovered in 1922 __________- the mightiest and most __________

Greco-Roman Period Assyrian ruled from BC Nectanebo II- last Egyptian king Alexander inherits the throne and founded Alexandria General Ptolemy – Welcomed immigrants – Encouraged Greek-speaking aristocracy – Built the first lighthouse – Embraced the culture of brother-sister marriage – Opened the cities up to become more Hellenistic

Egyptian Culture Weakened Cleopatra ruled BC – Lived with eastern Roman ruler Mark Anthony – Overtaken by western Roman ruler, Octavian (nephew of Julius Caesar) 27 BC- Octavian took the title of Augustus and became first Roman Emperor